Rotation invariant hand-drawn symbol recognition based on a dynamic time warping model

International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 229-241

  Fornés, Alicia ^a   Lladós, Josep ^a   Sánchez, Gemma ^a   Karatzas, Dimosthenis ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Document analysis; Graphics recognition; Handwriting recognition; Sequence alignment; Symbol recognition

Indexed keywords

DOCUMENT ANALYSIS; GRAPHICS RECOGNITION; HANDWRITING RECOGNITION; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; SYMBOL RECOGNITION;

ALIGNMENT; ROTATION;

CHARACTER RECOGNITION;

EID: 77956443337     PISSN: 14332833     EISSN: 14332825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10032-010-0114-8     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Bartolini I., Ciaccia P., Patella M.: Warp: accurate retrieval of shapes using phase of fourier descriptors and time warping distance. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 27(1), 142-147 (2005).
2. Belongie S., Malik J., Puzicha J.: Shape matching and object recognition using shape contexts. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 24(4), 509-522 (2002).
3. Bunke H.: Attributed programmed graph grammars and their application to schematic diagram interpretation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 4(6), 574-582 (1982).
4. Chan K. F., Yeung D. Y.: Mathematical expression recognition: a survey. Int. J. Document Anal. Recognit. 3(1), 3-15 (2000).
5. Chou K. S., Fan K. C., Fan T. I.: Peripheral and global features for use in coarse classification of Chinese characters. Pattern Recognit. 30(3), 483-489 (1997).
6. Fonseca M. J., Pimentel C., Jorge J. A.: CALI: an online scribble recognizer for calligraphic interfaces. In: AAAI Spring Symposium on Sketch Understanding, pp. 51-58. (2002).
7. Fornés, A., Lladós, J., Sánchez, G.: Primitive segmentation in old handwritten music scores. In: Liu, W., Lladós, J. (eds.) Graphics Recognition: Ten Years Review and Future Perspectives, vol. 3926 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 279-290. Springer (2006).
8. Garain U., Chaudhuri B. B.: Recognition of online handwritten mathematical expressions. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B: Cybern. 34(6), 2366-2376 (2004).
9. Golubitsky, O., Watt, S. M.: Online recognition of multi-stroke symbols with orthogonal series. International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 1265-1269 (2009).
10. Hse, H., Newton, A. R.: Sketched symbol recognition using Zernike moments. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 367-370 (2004).
11. Hu, N., Dannenberg, R. B., Tzanetakis, G.: Polyphonic audio matching and alignment for music retrieval. In: IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, pp. 185-188. New Paltz, New York, October (2003).
12. Keogh E., Ratanamahatana C. A.: Exact indexing of dynamic time warping. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 7(3), 358-386 (2005).
13. Khotanzad A., Hong Y. H.: Invariant image recognition by Zernike moments. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 12(5), 489-497 (1990).
14. Kim, W. Y., Kim, Y. S.: A new region-based shape descriptor. Technical report, Hanyang University and Konan Technology (1999).
15. Kornfield, E. M., Manmatha, R., Allan, J.: Text alignment with handwritten documents. In Document Image Analysis for Libraries, pp. 195-209. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, (2004).
16. Kruskal J. B., Liberman M.: The symmetric time-warping problem: from continuous to discrete. In: Sankoff, D., Kruskal, J. B. (eds) Time Warps, String Edits, and Macromolecules: The Theory and Practice of Sequence Comparison., pp. 125-161. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co, Reading, MA (1983).
17. Khurshid, K., Faure, C., Vincent, N.: Fusion of word spotting and spatial information for figure caption retrieval in historical document images. 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 266-270 (2009).
18. Levin, E., Pieraccini, R.: Dynamic planar warping for optical character recognition. In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 3, pp. 149-152 (1992).
19. Liang, S., Sun, Z., Li, B.: Sketch retrieval based on spatial relations. Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization, Beijing, China, pp. 24-29 (2005).
20. Liu, C. L.: Normalization-cooperated gradient feature extraction for handwritten character recognition. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., pp. 1465-1469 (2007).
21. Lladós, J., Valveny, E., Sánchez, G., Martí, E.: Symbol recognition: current advances and perspectives. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2390, pp. 104-128. Springer (2002).
22. Lladós, J., Martí, E., Villanueva, J. J.: Symbol recognition by error-tolerant subgraph matching between region adjacency graphs. In IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 23(10), pp. 1137-1143, October (2001).
23. Marti U. V., Bunke H.: Using a statistical language model to improve the performance of an hmm-based cursive handwriting recognition system. Int. J. Pattern Recogni. Artif. Intell. 15, 65-90 (2001).
24. Mas, J., Jorge, J. A., Sánchez, G., Lladós, J.: Representing and parsing sketched symbols using adjacency grammars and a grid-directed parser. In: Ogier eds, J. M., Liu, W., Lladós, J. (eds.), Graphics Recognition: Recent Advances and New Opportunities, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5046, pp. 176-187. Springer-Verlag (2008).
25. Miyao H., Maruyama M.: An online handwritten music symbol recognition system. Int. J. Document Anal. Recogni. 9(1), 49-58 (2007).
26. Mokhtarian F., Mackworth A. K.: Scale-based description and recognition of planar curves and two-dimensional shapes. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8(1), 34-43 (1986).
27. Müller S., Rigoll G.: Engineering Drawing Database Retrieval Using Statistical Pattern Spotting Techniques. Graphics Recogni. Recent Adv. Lecture Notes Comput. Sci. 1941, 246-255 (2000).
28. Niels, R., Vuurpijl, L.: Using dynamic time warping for intuitive handwriting recognition. Advances in Graphonomics, Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the International Graphonomics Society, pp. 217-221 (2005).
29. Orio, N., Schwarz, D.: Alignment of monophonic and polyphonic music to a score. In San Francisco International Computer Music Association, editor, Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference, pp. 155-158, Havana, Cuba, September (2001).
30. Parker, J., Pivovarov, J., Royko, D.: Vector templates for symbol recognition. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 15, pp. 602-605 (2000).
31. Peng, B., Liu, Y., Wenyin, L., Huang, G.: Sketch recognition based on topological spatial relationship. In: Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3138, pp. 434-443. Springer-Verlag (2004).
32. Rabiner L. R.: A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications inspeech recognition. Proc. IEEE 77(2), 257-286 (1989).
33. Rath, T. M. Manmatha, R.: Word image matching using dynamic time warping. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 521-527 Madison, WI, June 18-20 (2003).
34. Rusiñol M., Borràs A., Lladós J.: Relational indexing of vectorial primitives for symbol spotting in line-drawing images. Pattern Recogni. Lett. 31(3), 188-201 (2010).
35. Sanchez, G., Valveny, E., Llados, J., Romeu, J. Mas, Lozano. N.: A platform to extract knowledge from graphic documents. Application to an architectural sketch understanding scenario. In: Dengel, A. Marinai, S., (eds.), Document Analysis Systems VI, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3163, pp. 389-400, Florence-Italy, 2004, Springer-Verlag.
36. Shi, Y., Li, H. Y., Soong, F. K.: A unified framework for symbol segmentation and recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions. Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 2, 854-858, Sept. (2007).
37. Tabbone, S., Wendling, L.: Technical symbols recognition using the two-dimensional radon transform. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 3, pp. 200-203 (2002).
38. Uchida, S., Sakoe, H.: A monotonic and continuous two-dimensional warping based on dynamic programming. In Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 521-524, (1998).
39. Uchida S., Sakoe H.: A survey of elastic matching techniques for handwritten character recognition. IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. E88-D, 1781-1790 (2005).
40. Valveny, E., Marti, E.: Hand-drawn symbol recognition in graphic documents using deformable template matching and a bayesian framework. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 239-242 (2000).
41. Vinciarelli, A., Bengio, S., Bunke, H.: Offline recognition of unconstrained handwritten texts using HMMs and statistical language models. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. pp. 709-720 (2004).
42. Vuori V., Laaksonen J., Oja E., Kangas J.: Experiments with adaptation strategies for a prototype-based recognition system for isolated handwritten characters. Int. J. Document Anal. Recogni. 3(3), 150-159 (2001).
43. Wilfong G., Sinden F., Ruedisueli L.: On-line recognition of handwritten symbols. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 18(9), 935-940 (1996).
44. Xin, G., Cuiyun, L., Jihong, P., Weixin, X.: HMM based online hand-drawn graphic symbol recognition. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Signal Processing, vol. 2, pp. 1067-1070 (2002).
45. Yang S.: Symbol recognition via statistical integration of pixel-level constraint histograms: a new descriptor. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 27(2), 278-281 (2005).
46. Zhang, D. S., Lu, G.: Generic Fourier descriptor for shape-based image retrieval. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, vol. 1, pp. 425-428 (2002).
47. Zhang, W., Liu, W.: A new syntactic approach to graphic symbol recognition. International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition vol. 1, pp. 516-520 (2007).
48. Zhang W., Liu W., Zhang K.: Symbol recognition with kernel density matching. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28(12), 2020-2024 (2006).