'I feel like a foreign agent': NGOS and corporate social responsibility interventions into Third World child labor

Human Relations

Volumn 63, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 1417-1438

  Khan, Rafi Farzad ^a   Westwood, Robert ^b   Boje, David M ^c  

^a LAHORE UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES   (Pakistan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

child labor; corporate social responsibility; development; imperialism; NGO; postcolonialism; Third World

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956410879     PISSN: 00187267     EISSN: 1741282X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0018726709359330     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Abu-Lughod L. (2006) The Muslim Woman. Available at: www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-09-01-abulughod-en.html.
2. Adas M. (1989) Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
3. Awan S. (1996) Child Labour in the Football Manufacturing Industry. Sialkot: Directorate of Labour Welfare Punjab in collaboration with International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) of International Labour Organization.
4. Banerjee S. (2008) Corporate social responsibility: The good, the bad and the ugly. Critical Sociology 34(1): 51-79.
5. Bayat A. (1990) Shari'ati and Marx: A critique of an 'Islamic' critique of Marxism. Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics 10(1): 19-41.
6. Blaut JM (1993) The Colonizer's Model of the World: Geographical Diffusionism and Eurocentric History. New York: The Guildford Press.
7. Blowfield M. (2004) Ethical supply chains in the cocoa, coffee, and tea industries. Greener Management International 43(1): 15-24.
8. Blowfield M. (2007) Reasons to be cheerful? What we know about CSR's impact. Third World Quarterly 28(4): 683-695.
9. Boje D., Khan F (2009) Story-branding by empire entrepreneurs: Nike, child labour, and Pakistan's soccer ball industry. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship 22(1): 9-24.
10. Chatterjee P. (2009) Halliburton's Army: How a Well-Connected Texas Oil Company Revolutionized the Way America Makes War. New York: Nation Books.
11. Clinton WJ (1999) Remarks by the President to the International Labor Organization conference-Geneva, Switzerland, June 16, 1999. In public papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton - 1999 (US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC) 1 946-950.
12. Crozier M. (1964) The Bureaucratic Phenomenon. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
13. Davis N., Robinson R. (2006) The egalitarian face of Islamic orthodoxy: Support for Islamic law and economic justice in seven Muslim-majority nations. American Sociological Review 71(2): 167-190.
14. Fanon F. (1991) Black Skin, White Masks. New York: Grove Press.
15. Ferguson N. (2003) Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power. New York: Basic Books.
16. Fisher W. (1997) Doing good? The politics and antipolitics of NGO practices. Annual Review of Anthropology 26(1): 439-464.
17. Foley C. (2009) Beware Human Rights Imperialism. Available at: www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/jun/23/human-rights-imperialism-western-values.
18. Frynas J. (2005) The false developmental promise of corporate social responsibility: Evidence from multinational oil companies. International Affairs 81(3): 581-598.
19. Frynas J. (2008) Corporate social responsibility and international development: Critical assessment. Corporate Governance 16(4): 274-281.
20. Gandhi L. (1998) Postcolonial Theory. St. Leonards: Allen and Unwin.
21. Golinger E. (2006) The Chavez Code: Cracking U.S. Intervention in Venezuela. Northampton: Olive Branch Press.
22. Greider W. (1997) One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism. New York: Simon and Schuster.
23. Harbison F., Myers CA (1959) Management and the Industrial World: An International Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.
24. Harding S. (1996) European expansion and the organization of modern science: Isolated or linked historical processes. Organization 3(4): 497-509.
25. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) (1995) Child Labour in Pakistan: Sialkot Kasur (Public Document). Lahore: Human Rights Commission of Pakistan.
26. Husselbee D. (2001) NGOs as development partners to the corporates: Child football-stitchers in Pakistan. In: Eade D and Ligteringen E (eds) Debating Development: NGOs and the Future. Oxford: Oxfam International, 127-144.
27. Idemudia U. (2008) Conceptualizing the CSR and development debates. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship 29(1): 91-110.
28. Idemudia U. (2009) Oil extraction and poverty reduction in the Niger delta: A critical examination of partnership initiatives. Journal of Business Ethics 90(1): 91-116.
29. Independent Monitoring Association for Child Labour (IMAC) (2003) Fact Sheet of the Sialkot Soccer Ball Programme (July 2003). Sialkot: Independent Monitoring Association of Child Labour.
30. Jack G., Westwood RI (2009) International Management: A Postcolonial Reading. London: Palgrave.
31. Kerr C., Dunlop JT, Harbison FH, and Myers CA (1962) Industrialism and Industrial Man: The Problems of Labor and Management in Economic Growth. London: Heinemann.
32. Khan FR (2004) Hard times recalled: The child labour controversy in Pakistan's soccer ball industry. In: Bird F, Raufflet E, and Smucker J (eds) International Business and the Dilemmas of Development: Case Studies in South Africa, Madagascar, Pakistan, South Korea, Mexico, and Columbia. London: Palgrave MacMillan, 132-155.
33. Khan FR (2007) Representational approaches matter. Journal of Business Ethics 73(1): 77-89.
34. Khan F., Munir K., and Willmott H. (2007) A dark side of institutional entrepreneurship: Soccer balls, child labour and postcolonial impoverishment. Organization Studies, 28(7): 1055-1077.
35. Khawaja A. (2002) SAHEP: Presentation at the distributor's conference (28 February, 2002). Paper presented at SELECT Distributor's Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark.
36. Lambell R., Ramia G., Nyland C., and Michelotti M. (2008) NGOs and international business research: Progress, prospects and problems International Journal of Management Reviews 10(1): 75-92.
37. Lund-Thomsen P. (2008) The global sourcing and codes of conduct debate: Five myths and five recommendations. Development and Change 39(6): 1005-1018.
38. Malik N. (1996) Western propaganda against child labour doing great harm to economy. The Business Recorder 8 April: 4.
39. Matten D., Moon J. (2005) A conceptual framework for understanding CSR. In: Habisch A, Jonker J, Wegner M, and Schmidpeter R (eds) Corporate Social Responsibility Across Europe. Berlin: Springer, 335-356.
40. Memmi A. (1965) The Colonizer and the Colonized (H. Greenfield, trans). New York: The Orion Press.
41. Mir A. (1996) Threat of FIFA ban jolts industry. Inter Press Service [electronically retrieved by Lexis-Nexis].
42. Mooers C. (2006) The New Imperialists: Ideologies of Empire. Oxford UK: Oneworld Publications.
43. NGO Bureau (Government of Bangladesh) (1992) Report of inquiry into NGOs. Dekkah.
44. Petras JF, Veltmeyer H. (2001) Globalization Unmasked: Imperialism in the 21st century. New York: Zed Books.
45. Prasad A. (2003) Gaze of the other: Postcolonial theory and organizational analysis. In: Prasad A (ed.) Postcolonial Theory and Organizational Analysis: A Critical Engagement. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 3-43.
46. Raasta Development Consultants (RDC) (1996) An assessment of the working child in the soccer ball industry, Sialkot (Public Document). Karachi: Raasta Development Consultants.
47. Roy A. (1999) The Cost of Living. New York: Modern Library.
48. Sardar Z. (1998) Postmodernism and the Other: The New Imperialism of Western Culture. London: Pluto Press.
49. Save the Children Fund (SCR) (1997) Stitching Footballs: Voices of Children (Public document). Islamabad: Save the Children Fund.
50. Seymour R. (2008) The Liberal Defence of Murder. London: Verso Books.
51. Silvers J. (1996) When They Were Very Young. Available at: www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/when-they-were-very-young-1307093.html.
52. Stiglitz JE (2003) Globalization and its Discontents. New York: WW Norton.
53. Townsend J., Porter G., and Mawdsley E. (2002) The role of the transnational community of non-government organisations: Governance or poverty reduction? Journal of International Development 14(6): 829-839.
54. Westwood R., Jack G. (2008) The US commercial-military-political complex and the emergence of international business and management studies. Critical Perspectives on International Business 4(4): 367-388.
55. Young R. (2001) Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.