What is the optimal duration of treatment for DVT? An update on evidence-based medicine of treatment for DVT

Seminars in Vascular Surgery

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 182-191

  East, Andrea T ^a   Wakefield, Thomas W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIVITAMIN K; APIXABAN; D DIMER; DALTEPARIN; ENOXAPARIN; HEPARIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; RIVAROXABAN; WARFARIN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ARTICLE; BLEEDING; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG METABOLISM; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; IDIOPATHIC DISEASE; IMPEDANCE PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; LOW DRUG DOSE; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PATIENT IDENTIFICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENCE RISK; RECURRENT DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ANTICOAGULANTS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; DRUG ADMINISTRATION SCHEDULE; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FIBRIN FIBRINOGEN DEGRADATION PRODUCTS; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS; HEMORRHAGE; HUMANS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; RECURRENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VENOUS THROMBOSIS;

EID: 77956317343     PISSN: 08957967     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2010.05.006     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Heit J.A., Cohen A.T., Anderson F.A. Estimated annual number of incident and recurrent, non-fatal and fatal venous thromboembolism (VTE) events in the US. ASH Annu Meet Abstr 2005, 106:910. VTE Impact Assessment Group.
2. Meissner M.H., Wakefield T.W., Ascher E., et al. Acute venous disease: venous thrombosis and venous trauma. J Vasc Surg 2007, 46(suppl S):25S-53S.
3. Heit J.A., Silverstein M.D., Mohr D.N., et al. Predictors of survival after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based, cohort study. Arch Intern Med 1999, 159:445-453.
4. Silverstein M.D., Heit J.A., Mohr D.N., et al. Trends in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a 25-year population-based study. Arch Intern Med 1998, 158:585-593.
5. Population Projections of the United States, by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1993 to 2050, Current Population Reports, P25-1104 1993, US Bureau of the Census, Jennifer Cheeseman Day, US Government Printing Office.
6. Barritt D.W., Jordan S.C. Anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism: a controlled trial. Lancet 1960, 1:1309-1312.
7. Kearon C., Kahn S.R., Agnelli G., et al. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008, 133(suppl):454S-545S.
8. Guyatt G.H., Cook D.J., Jaeschke R., Pauker S.G., Schünemann H.J. Grades of recommendation for antithrombotic agents: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008, 133(suppl):123S-131S.
9. Baglin T., Luddington R., Brown K., Baglin C. Incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism in relation to clinical and thrombophilic risk factors: prospective cohort study. Lancet 2003, 362(9383):523-526.
10. Schulman S., Rhedin A.S., Lindmarker P., et al. A comparison of six weeks with six months of oral anticoagulant therapy after a first episode of venous thromboembolism. Duration of Anticoagulation Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995, 332:1661-1665.
11. Pinede L., Ninet J., Duhaut P., et al. Comparison of 3 and 6 months of oral anticoagulant therapy after a first episode of proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism and comparison of 6 and 12 weeks of therapy after isolated calf deep vein thrombosis. Circulation 2001, 103:2453-2460. Investigators of the "Durée Optimale du Traitement AntiVitamines K(DOTAVK) Study.
12. Optimum duration of anticoagulation for deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Research Committee of the British Thoracic Society. Lancet 1992, 340(8824):873-876.
13. Levine M.N., Hirsh J., Gent M., et al. Optimal duration of oral anticoagulant therapy: a randomized trial comparing four weeks with three months of warfarin in patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1995, 74:606-611.
14. Kearon C., Ginsberg J.S., Anderson D.R., et al. Comparison of 1 month with 3 months of anticoagulation for a first episode of venous thromboembolism associated with a transient risk factor. J Thromb Haemost 2004, 2:743-749. SOFAST Investigators.
15. Campbell I.A., Bentley D.P., Prescott R.J., et al. Anticoagulation for three versus six months in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both: randomised trial. BMJ 2007, 334(7595):674.
16. Prandoni P., Lensing A.W., Cogo A., et al. The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 1996, 125:1-7.
17. Henke P.K., Schmaier A., Wakefield T.W. Thrombosis due to hypercoaguable states. Rutherford's Textbook of Vascular Surgery 2004, 560-578. Elsievier, Philadelphia, PA. ed 6. R.B. Rutherford (Ed.).
18. Prandoni P., Lensing A.W., Piccioli A., et al. Recurrent venous thromboembolism and bleeding complications during anticoagulant treatment in patients with cancer and venous thrombosis. Blood 2002, 100:3484-3488.
19. Akl E.A., Rohilla S., Barba M., et al. Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer: a systematic review. Cancer 2008, 113:1685-1694.
20. Lee A.Y., Levine M.N., Baker R.I., et al. Randomized Comparison of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Oral Anticoagulant Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer (CLOT) Investigators: Low-molecular-weight heparin versus a coumarin for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. N Engl J Med 2003, 349:146-153.
21. Meyer G., Marjanovic Z., Valcke J., et al. Comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin for the secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer: a randomized controlled study. Arch Intern Med 2002, 162:1729-1735.
22. Heit J.A., Mohr D.N., Silverstein M.D., et al. Predictors of recurrence after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med 2000, 160:761-768.
23. Salomon O., Steinberg D.M., Zivelin A., et al. Single and combined prothrombotic factors in patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism: prevalence and risk assessment. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999, 19:511-518.
24. Crowther M.A., Kelton J.G. Congenital thrombophilic states associated with venous thrombosis: a qualitative overview and proposed classification system. Ann Intern Med 2003, 138:128-134.
25. Vossen C.Y., Walker I.D., Svensson P., et al. Recurrence rate after a first venous thrombosis in patients with familial thrombophilia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005, 25:1992-1997.
26. Baglin T., Luddington R., Brown K., Baglin C. Incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism in relation to clinical and thrombophilic risk factors: prospective cohort study. Lancet 2003, 362(9383):523-526.
27. Christiansen S.C., Cannegieter S.C., Koster T., et al. Thrombophilia, clinical factors, and recurrent venous thrombotic events. JAMA 2005, 293:2352-2361.
28. Baglin T., Gray E., Greaves M., et al. Clinical guidelines for testing for heritable thrombophilia. Br J Haematol 2010, 149:209-220.
29. De Stefano V., Chiusolo P., Paciaroni K., Leone G. Epidemiology of factor V Leiden: clinical implications. Semin Thromb Hemost 1998, 24:367-379.
30. Rosendaal F.R., Doggen C.J.M., Zivelin A., et al. Geographic distribution of the 20210 G to A prothrombin variant. Thromb Haemost 1998, 79:706-708.
31. Ho W.K., Hankey G.J., Quinlan D.J., Eikelboom J.W. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with common thrombophilia: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2006, 166:729-736.
32. De Stefano V., Martinelli I., Mannucci P.M., et al. The risk of recurrent deep venous thrombosis among heterozygous carriers of both factor V Leiden and the G20210A prothrombin mutation. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:801-806.
33. Lijfering W.M., Brouwer J.L., Veeger N.J., et al. Selective testing for thrombophilia in patients with first venous thrombosis: results from a retrospective family cohort study on absolute thrombotic risk for currently known thrombophilic defects in 2479 relatives. Blood 2009, 113:5314-5322.
34. Farmer-Boatwright M.K., Roubey R.A. Venous thrombosis in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009, 29:321-325.
35. Kearon C. Natural history of venous thromboembolism. Circulation 2003, 107(suppl 1):I22-I30.
36. Schulman S., Lindmarker P., Holmström M., et al. Post-thrombotic syndrome, recurrence, and death 10 years after the first episode of venous thromboembolism treated with warfarin for 6 weeks or 6 months. J Thromb Haemost 2006, 4:734-742.
37. Prandoni P., Noventa F., Ghirarduzzi A., et al. The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with acute proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. A prospective cohort study in 1,626 patients. Haematologica 2007, 92:199-205.
38. Agnelli G., Prandoni P., Santamaria M.G., et al. Three months versus one year of oral anticoagulant therapy for idiopathic deep venous thrombosis. Warfarin Optimal Duration Italian Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:165-169. Warfarin Optimal Duration Italian Trial Investigators.
39. Kearon C., Gent M., Hirsh J., et al. A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 1999, 340:901-907.
40. Ridker P.M., Goldhaber S.Z., Danielson E., et al. Long-term, low-intensity warfarin therapy for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:1425-1434.
41. Palareti G., Cosmi B., Legnani C., et al. D-dimer testing to determine the duration of anticoagulation therapy. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:1780-1789.
42. Kearon C., Ginsberg J.S., Kovacs M.J., et al. Comparison of low-intensity warfarin therapy with conventional-intensity warfarin therapy for long-term prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2003, 349:631-639.
43. Kearon C. Balancing risks and benefits of extended anticoagulant therapy for idiopathic venous thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2009, 7(suppl 1):296-300.
44. Rodger M.A., Kahn S.R., Wells P.S., et al. Identifying unprovoked thromboembolism patients at low risk for recurrence who can discontinue anticoagulant therapy. CMAJ 2008, 179:417-426.
45. Ost D., Tepper J., Mihara H., et al. Duration of anticoagulation following venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2005, 294:706-715.
46. Prandoni P., Lensing A.W., Prins M.H., et al. Residual venous thrombosis as a predictive factor of recurrent venous thromboembolism. Ann Intern Med 2002, 137:955-960.
47. Prandoni P., Prins M.H., Lensing A.W., et al. Residual thrombosis on ultrasonography to guide the duration of anticoagulation in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2009, 150:577-585.
48. Hull R.D., Marder V.J., Mah A.F., et al. Quantitative assessment of thrombus burden predicts the outcome of treatment for venous thrombosis: a systematic review. Am J Med 2005, 118:456-464.
49. Verhovsek M., Douketis J.D., Yi Q., et al.: Systematic review: D-dimer to predict recurrent disease after stopping anticoagulant therapy for unprovoked venous thromboembolism. Ann Intern Med 2008, 149:481-490. W94.
50. Shantsila E., Lip G.Y. Apixaban, an oral, direct inhibitor of activated Factor Xa. Curr Opin Invest Drugs 2008, 9:1020-1033.
51. Perzborn E., Roehrig S., Straub A., Kubitza D., Mueck W., Laux V. Rivaroxaban: a new oral factor Xa inhibitor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010, 30:376-381.
52. Ieko M. Dabigatran etexilate, a thrombin inhibitor for the prevention of venous thromboembolism and stroke. Curr Opin Invest Drugs 2007, 8:758-768.
53. Ufer M. Comparative efficacy and safety of the novel oral anticoagulants dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban in preclinical and clinical development. Thromb Haemost 2010, 103:572-585.