Conceptualizing digital and physical connectivity: The position of European cities in Internet backbone and air traffic flows

Telecommunications Policy

Volumn 34, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 417-429

  Devriendt, Lomme ^a   Derudder, Ben ^a   Witlox, Frank ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Airline connectivity; Digital connectivity; European urban network; Global cities

Indexed keywords

AIR PASSENGERS; AIR TRAFFIC FLOWS; AIR TRANSPORT; AIRLINE CONNECTIVITY; DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY; ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS; GLOBAL CITIES; HIERARCHICAL LEVEL; INTERNET BACKBONE; INTERNET EXCHANGE; NEW APPROACHES; PHYSICAL INFORMATION; URBAN NETWORKS;

INTERNET; TELECOMMUNICATION; TRAFFIC SURVEYS;

AIR TRANSPORTATION;

EID: 77956230639     PISSN: 03085961     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2010.05.009     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. G.A. Barnett, B.S. Chon, and D. Rosen The structure of international Internet flows in cyberspace NETCOM (Network and Communication Studies) 15 12 2001 61 80
2. G.A. Barnett., and H.W. Park The structure of international Internet hyperlinks and bilateral bandwidth Annals of Telecommunication 60 2005 1115 1132
3. J. Beaverstock Managing across borders: Knowledge management and expatriation in professional legal service firms Journal of Economic Geography 4 2004 1 25
4. J. Beaverstock, R. Smith, and P. Taylor World city network: A new metageography? Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90 1 2000 123 134
5. Boulton, A., Devriendt, L. Brunn, S., Derudder, B., & Witlox, F. (in press). World city networks in cyberspace and time: Using Google hyperlinks to measure global economic and environmental crises. In R. Firmino, F. Duarte, & C. Ultramari (Eds.). ICTs for mobile and ubiquitous urban infrastructures: Surveillance, locative media and global networks. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
6. D. Bryan, and M. O'Kelly Hub-and-spoke networks in air transportation: An analytical review Journal of Regional Science 39 2 1999 275 295
7. G. Burghouwt, and J. Veldhuis De concurrentiepositie van hub-luchthavens op de transatlantisch markt Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap 41 2 2005 2 10
8. K. Button Debunking some myths about airport hubs Journal of Air Transport Management 8 3 2002 177 188
9. K. Button Economic development and transport hubs K. Button, D. Hensher, K. Haynes, P. Stopher, Handbook of transport geography and spatial systems (handbooks in transport Vol. 5 2004 Elsevier Amsterdam, The Netherlands 77 95
10. M. Castells The rise of the network society 1996 Blackwell Oxford, England
11. M. Castells The rise of the network society 2nd ed. 2000 Blackwell Oxford, England
12. J. Choi, G. Barnett, and B.-S. Chon Comparing world city networks: A network analysis of Internet backbone and air transport intercity linkages Global Networks 6 1 2006 81 99
13. D. Cosgrove Social formation and symbolic landscape 1984 Croom Helm London, England
14. N. Dennis Airline hub operations in Europe Journal of Transport Geography 2 4 1994 219 233
15. Denstadli, J., & Gripsrund, M. (2010). Face-to-face by travel or picture: the relationship between travelling and video communication in business settings. In J. Beaverstock, B. Derudder, J. Faulconbridge, & F. Witlox (Eds.), International Business Travel and the Global Economy (pp. 217238). London: Ashgate.
16. B. Derudder On conceptual confusion in empirical analyses of a transnational urban network Urban Studies 43 11 2006 2027 2046
17. B. Derudder, L. Devriendt, and F. Witlox Flying where you don't want to go. An empirical analysis of hubs in the global airline network Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 98 3 2007 307 324
18. B. Derudder, and F. Witlox An appraisal of the use of airline data in assessing the world city network: A research note on data Urban Studies 42 13 2005 2371 2388
19. B. Derudder, and F. Witlox Mapping world city networks through airline flows: Context, relevance, and problems Journal of Transport Geography 16 5 2008 305 312
20. L. Devriendt Nodal points in the space of information flows. An empirical analysis of transnational urban networks based on Internet and air traffic flows 2010 DCL Print & Sign Zelzate, Belgium
21. Devriendt, L., Boulton, A., Brunn, S., Derudder, B., & Witlox, F. (2009). Major cities in the information world: Monitoring cyberspace in real-time. GaWC Research Bulletin 308. Available from: 〈 http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb308.html 〉.
22. L. Devriendt, B. Derudder, and F. Witlox Cyberplace and cyberspace. Two approaches to analyzing digital intercity linkages Journal of Urban Technology 15 2 2008 151 180
23. Dodge, M., & Kitchin, R. (2002). New cartographies to chart cyberspace. Geoinformatics, 5 (1), 3841.
24. Euro-IX. (2008). Euro-IX Report. Available from: 〈 www.euro-ix.net 〉.
25. GaWC. (2008). Globalization and World Cities Research Group. Available from: 〈 http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html 〉.
26. S. Gorman, and E. Malecki The networks of the Internet: An analysis of provider networks in the USA Telecommunications Policy 24 2 2000 113 134
27. S. Gorman, and E. Malecki Fixed and fluid: Stability and change in the geography of the Internet Telecommunications Policy 26 78 2002 389 413
28. S. Graham, The Routledge urban reader series) 2004 Routledge London, England
29. Greenstein, S. (2007). Data constraints and the Internet economy: Impressions and imprecision. Factors shaping the future of the Internet. Available from: 〈 http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/5/54/38151520.pdf 〉.
30. T. Grubesic Spatial data constraints: Implications for measuring broadband Telecommunications Policy 32 2008 490 502
31. T. Grubesic, and M. O'Kelly Using points of presence to measure accessibility to the commercial Internet Professional Geographer 54 2 2002 259 278
32. T. Grubesic, and A. Murray Geographies of imperfection in telecommunication analysis Telecommunications Policy 29 2005 69 94
33. T. Grubesic, T. Matisziw, and M. Zook Global airline networks and nodal regions GeoJournal 71 1 2008 53 66
34. K. Hillis On the margins: The invisibility of communications in geography Progress in Human Geography 22 4 1998 543 566
35. IATA. (2010). International Air Transport Association (IATA). Available from: 〈 http://www.iata.org/pressroom/pr/2010-03-11-01.htm 〉.
36. D. Janelle, D. Hodge, Information, place, and cyberspace: Issues in accessibility. 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Germany
37. A. Kellerman International telecommunications around the world: A flow analysis Telecommunications Policy 14 6 1990 461 475
38. A. Kellerman US international telecommunications, 19611988: An international movement model Telecommunications Policy 16 5 1992 401 414
39. D. Lowenthal Geography, experience, and imagination: Towards a geographical epistemology Annals of the Association of American Geographers 51 1961 241 260
40. E. Malecki The economic geography of the Internet's infrastructure Economic Geography 78 2002 399 424
41. E. Malecki Fibre tracks: Explaining investment in fibre optic backbones Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 16 2004 21 39
42. H. Matsumoto International urban systems and air passenger and cargo flows: Some calculations Journal of Air Transport Management 10 2004 241 249
43. M. Moss, and A. Townsend The Internet backbone and the American metropolis Information Society 16 1 2000 35 47
44. K. Obraczaka, and F. Silva Network latency metrics for server proximity Conference Record/IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference 1 2000 421 427 10.1109/GLOCOM.2000.892040
45. A. Odlyzko The stupid network: Essential yet unattainable? NetWorker 3 4 1999 36 37
46. Odlyzko, A. (2000). The Internet and other networks: Utilization rates and their implications. Working Paper Series. Available from: 〈 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=132770 〉.
47. A. Odlyzko Data networks are lightly utilized, and will stay that way Review of Network Economics 2 3 2003 210 237
48. M. O'Kelly The location of interacting hub facilities Transportation Science 20 2 1986 92 107
49. M. O'Kelly, and T. Grubesic Backbone topology, access, and the commercial Internet, 19972000 Environment and Planning B29 2002 533 552
50. S. Perkins Internationalization: The people business 1997 Kogan Page London, England
51. H. Rood Indicators for bandwidth demand Telecommunications Policy 24 2000 263 270
52. J. Rutherford Unbundling Stockholm: The networks, planning and social welfare nexus beyond the unitary city Geoforum 39 6 2008 1871 1883
53. J. Rutherford, A. Gillespie, and R. Richardson The territoriality of Pan-European telecommunications backbone networks Journal of Urban Technology 11 3 2004 1 34
54. Rutherford, J., Gillespie, A., & Richardson, R. (2005) Technological connectivities of European cities? The potentials and pitfalls of the use of telecommunications data in measurements of world city network formation. GaWC Research Bulletin 181. Available from: 〈 www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb181.html 〉.
55. S. Sassen The global city 2nd ed. 2001 Princeton University Press Princeton, NJ
56. S. Sassen Towards a sociology of information technology Current Sociology 50 3 2002 365 388
57. L. Schintler, S. Gorman, A. Reggiani, R. Patuelli, A. Gillespi, and P. Nijkamp Complex network phenomena in telecommunication system Networks and Spatial Economics 5 2005 351 370
58. S.-L. Shaw Hub structures of major US passenger airlines Journal of Transport Geography 1 1 1993 47 58
59. D. Smith, and M. Timberlake World city networks and hierarchies, 19771997. An empirical analysis of global air travel links American Behavioral Scientist 44 10 2001 1656 1678
60. P. Taylor World city network. A global urban analysis 2004 Routledge London, England
61. P. Taylor, G. Catalano, and D. Walker Measurement of the world city network Urban Studies 39 2002 2367 2376
62. A. Townsend Network cities and the global structure of the Internet American Behavioral Scientist 44 10 2001 1697 1716
63. A. Townsend Seoul: Birth of a broadband metropolis Environment and Planning B 34 2007 396 413
64. Tranos, E. (2009). Internet infrastructure and economic development in the European city-regions. In Paper presented at the 2009 annual meeting of the association of american geographers, Las Vegas, US, March 2227, 2009.
65. Tranos, E., & Gillespie, A. (2008). The spatial distribution of Internet backbone networks in Europe: A metropolitan knowledge economy perspective. GaWC Research Bulletin, 291. Available from: 〈 www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb291.html 〉.
66. D. Wheeler, and M. O'Kelly Network topology and city accessibility of the commercial Internet Professional Geographer 51 3 1999 327 339
67. J. Williams, and S. Brunn Cybercities of Asia: Measuring globalization using hyperlinks (Asian cities and hyperlinks) Asian Geographer 23 12 2004 121 147
68. 2/D hypothesis: On the intercity movement of persons American Sociological Review 11 1946 677 686
69. M. Zook, and S. Brunn From podes to antipodes: Positionalities and global airline geographies Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96 3 2006 471 490