High-speed friction of disaggregated ultracataclasite in rotary shear: Characterization of frictional heating, mechanical behavior, and microstructure evolution

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 115, Issue 8, 2010, Pages

  Kitajima, Hiroko ^a   Chester, Judith S ^a   Chester, Frederick M ^a   Shimamoto, Toshihiko ^b,c  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATACLASITE; DISPLACEMENT; FAULT GOUGE; FAULT SLIP; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; FRICTION; NUMERICAL MODEL; ROCK MICROSTRUCTURE; SHEAR STRESS; SLIP RATE; SPATIAL VARIATION; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

EID: 77956222565     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2009JB007038     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Beeler, N. M., T. E. Tullis, M. L. Blanpied, and J. D. Weeks (1996), Frictional behavior of large displacement experimental faults, J. Geophys. Res., 101(B4), 8697-8715.
2. Boullier, A.-M., E.-C. Yeh, S. Boutareaud, S.-R. Song, and C.-H. Tsai (2009), Microscale anatomy of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake fault zone, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q03016, doi:10.1029/2008GC002252.
3. Boutareaud, S.,D.-G. Calugaru, R. Han, O. Fabbri, K.Mizoguchi, A. Tsutusmi, and T. Shimamoto (2008), Clay-clast aggregates: A new textural evidence for seismic fault sliding-, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L05302, doi:10.1029/ 2007GL032554.
4. Boutareaud, S., A.-M. Boullier, M. Andréani, D.-G. Calugaru, P. Beck, S.-R. Song, and T. Shimamoto (2010), Clay-clast aggregates: New textural evidence for seismic faulting, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B02408, doi:10.1029/2008JB006254.
5. Brantut, N., A. Schubnel, J.-N. Rouzaud, F. Brunet, and T. Shimamoto (2008), High-velocity frictional properties of a clay-bearing fault gouge and implications for earthquake mechanics, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B10401, doi:10.1029/2007JB005551.
6. Brodsky, E. E., and H. Kanamori (2001), Elastohydrodynamic lubrication of faults, J. Geophys. Res., 106(B8), 16,357-16,374.
7. Brune, J. N., S. Brown, and P. A. Johnson (1993), Rupture mechanism and interface separation in foam rubber models of earthquakes: A possible solution to the heat flow paradox and the paradox of large overthrusts, Tectonophysics, 218, 59-67.
8. Chester, F. M., and J. M. Logan (1987), Composite planar fabric of gouge from the Punchbowl Fault, California, J. Struct. Geol., 9, 621-634.
9. Chester, F. M., and J. S. Chester (1998), Ultracataclasite structure and friction processes of the Punchbowl fault, San Andreas system, California, Tectonophysics, 295, 199-221.
10. Chester, J. S., F. M. Chester, and A. K. Kronenberg (2005), Fracture surface energy of the Punchbowl fault, San Andreas system, Nature, 437, 133-136, doi:10.1038/Nature03942. (Pubitemid 41613439)
11. Di Toro, G., D. L. Goldsby, and T. E. Tullis (2004), Friction falls towards zero in quartz rock as slip velocity approaches seismic rates, Nature, 427, 436-439, doi:10.1038/Nature02249. (Pubitemid 38168494)
12. Di Toro, G., T. Hirose, S. Nielsen, G. Pennacchioni, and T. Shimamoto (2006), Natural and experimental evidence of melt lubrication of faults during earthquakes, Science, 311, 647-649, doi:10.1126/Science. 1121012. (Pubitemid 44846385)
13. Dieterich, J. H. (1992), Earthquake nucleation on faults with rate-dependent and state-dependent strength, Tectonophysics, 211, 115-134.
14. Goldsby, D. L., and T. E. Tullis (2002), Low frictional strength of quartz rocks at subseismic slip rates, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(17), 1844, doi:10.1029/2002GL015240.
15. Han, R., T. Shimamoto, T. Hirose, J.-H. Ree, and J. Ando (2007), Ultralow friction of carbonate faults caused by thermal decomposition, Science, 316, 878-881, doi:10.1126/Science.1139763. (Pubitemid 46764275)
16. Hirose, T., and T. Shimamoto (2005), Growth of a molten zone as a mechanism of slip weakening of simulated faults in gabbro during frictional melting, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B05202, doi:10.1029/2004JB003207. (Pubitemid 41052341)
17. Ikari, M. J., D. M. Saffer, and C. Marone (2009), Frictional and hydrologic properties of clay-rich fault gouge, J. Geophys. Res., 114, B05409, doi:10.1029/2008JB006089.
18. Kanamori, H., and T. Heaton (2000), Microscopic and macroscopic physics of earthquakes, in Geocomplexity and the Physics of Earthquakes, Geophys. Monogr., vol. 20, edited by J. Rundle et al., pp. 127-141, AGU, Washington, D. C.
19. Kitajima, H., J. S. Chester, F. M. Chester, and T. Shimamoto (2006), Dynamic weakening at seismic slip rates demonstrated for fault-rocks from SAFOD vore and Punchbowl fault, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S41D-04.
20. Koster van Groos, A. F., and S. Guggenheim (1986), Dehydration of K-exchanged montmorillonite at elevated temperatures and pressures, Clays Clay Miner., 34, 281-286.
21. Lachenbruch, A. H. (1980), Frictional heating, fluid pressure, and the resistance to fault motion, J. Geophys. Res., 85(B11), 6097-6122.
22. Lapusta, N., and J. R. Rice (2003), Nucleation and early seismic propagation of small and large events in a crustal earthquake model, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B4), 2205, doi:10.1029/2001JB000793.
23. Lide, D. R. (Eds.) (2006), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 87th ed., CRC press, Boca Raton.
24. Logan, J. M., and K. A. Rauenzahn (1987), Frictional dependence of gouge mixtures of quartz and montmorillonite on velocity, composition and fabric, Tectonophysics, 144, 87-108.
25. Logan, J. M., M. Friedman, N. G. Higgs, C. Dengo, and T. Shimamoto (1979), Experimental studies of simulated gouge and their application to studies of natural fault gouge, in Analysis of Actual Faull Zones in Bedrock, edited by R. C. Speed and R. V. Sharp, U.S. geol. Surv., Open-file Report 79-1239, 276-304.
26. Logan, J. M., N. G. Higgs, and M. Friedman (1981), Laboratory studies on natural fault gouge from the U.S. Geological Survey Dry Lake Valley No. 1 Well, San Andreas fault zone, in Mechanical Behavior of Crustal Rocks: The Handin Volume, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 24, edited by N. L. Carter et al., pp. 121-134, AGU, Washington, D. C.
27. McLaren, K. G., and D. Tabor (1963), Visco-elastic properties and the friction of solids: Friction of polymers: Influence of speed and temperature, Nature, 197, 856-858.
28. Marone, C. (1998), Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 26, 643-696.
29. Mase, C. W., and L. Smith (1987), Effects of frictional heating on the thermal, hydrologic, and mechanical response of a fault, J. Geophys. Res., 92(B7), 6249-6272.
30. Mizoguchi, K., T. Hirose, T. Shimamoto, and E. Fukuyama (2007), Reconstruction of seismic faulting by high-velocity friction experiments: An example of the 1995 Kobe earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01308, doi:10.1029/2006GL027931. (Pubitemid 47277724)
31. Mizoguchi, K., T. Hirose, T. Shimamoto, and E. Fukuyama (2009), Highvelocity frictional behavior and microstructure evolution of fault gouge obtained from Nojima fault, southwest Japan, Tectonophysics, 471, 285-296, doi:10.1016/J.Tecto.2009.02.
32. Monzawa, N., and K. Otsuki (2003), Comminution and fluidization of granular fault materials: Implications for fault slip behavior, Tectonophysics, 367(1-2), 127-143.
33. Moore, D. E., R. Summers, and J. D. Byerlee (1989), Sliding behavior and deformation textures of heated illite gouge, J. Struct. Geol., 11, 329-342.
34. Morrow, C. A., D. E. Moore, and D. A. Lockner (2000), The effect of mineral bond strength and adsorbed water on fault gouge frictional strength, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(6), 815-818, doi:10.1029/1999GL008401.
35. Noda, H., E. M. Dunham, and J. R. Rice (2009), Earthquake ruptures with thermal weakening and the operation of major faults at low overall stress levels, J. Geophys. Res., 114, B07302, doi:10.1029/2008JB006143.
36. Otsuki, K., N. Monzawa, and T. Nagase (2003), Fluidization and melting of fault gouge during seismic slip: Identification in the Nojima fault zone and implications for focal earthquake mechanisms, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B4), 2192, doi:10.1029/2001JB001711.
37. Rice, J. R. (1999), Flash heating at asperity contacts and rate-dependent friction, EOS Trans AGU, 80, Fall Meet. Suppl., F681.
38. Rice, J. R. (2006), Heating and weakening of faults during earthquake slip, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B05311, doi:10.1029/2005JB004006.
39. Rice, J. R., and M. Cocco (2006), Seismic fault rheology and earthquake dynamics, in Tectonic Faults: Agents of Change on a Dynamic Earth, edited by M. R. Handy et al., pp. 99-137, MIT Press, Cambridge.
40. Rutter, E. H., R. H. Maddock, S. H. Hall, and S. H. White (1986), Comparative microstructures of natural and experimentally produced clay-bearing fault gouges, Pure Appl. Geophys., 124, 3-30.
41. Shimamoto, T., and A. Tsutsumi (1994), A new rotary-shear high-speed frictional testing machine: Its basic design and scope of research, (in Japanese with English abstract), Struct. Geol., 39, 65-78.
42. Schön, J. H. (1996), Physical properties of rocks: Fundamentals and principles of petrophysics, Handbook of Geophysical Exploration 18, 583 pp., Pergamon, New York.
43. Sibson, R. H. (1973), Interactions between temperature and fluid pressure during earthquake faulting - A mechanism for partial or total stress relief, Nature, 243, 66-68.
44. Spray, J. G. (1993), Viscosity determinations of some frictionally generated silicate melts: Implications for fault zone rheology at high-drain states, J. Geophys. Res., 98(B5), 8053-8068.
45. Tsutsumi, A., and T. Shimamoto (1997), High-velocity frictional properties of gabbro, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(6), 699-702, doi:10.1029/ 97GL00503.
46. Turcotte, D. L., and G. Schubert (2001), Geodynamics, 2nd ed., 456 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
47. Ujiie, K., A. Yamaguchi, G. Kimura, and S. Toh (2007), Fluidizatian of granular material in a subduction thrust at seismogenic depths, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 259, 307-318.