Structural changes of the paraflagellar rod during flagellar beating in Trypanosoma cruzi

PLoS ONE

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2010, Pages

  Rocha, Gustavo Miranda ^a,b   Teixeira, Dirceu Esdras ^a   Miranda, Kildare ^a,b   Weissmüller, Gilberto ^a   Bisch, Paulo Mascarello ^a   de Souza, Wanderley ^a,b  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

^b INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METROLOGIA   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; AXONEME; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EPIMASTIGOTE; FLAGELLUM; FREEZE FRACTURE; FREEZING; MICROBIAL MORPHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI;

ANIMALS; FLAGELLA; FREEZE FRACTURING; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, TRANSMISSION; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI;

PROTOZOA; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI;

EID: 77956210911     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011407     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. de Souza W (2009) Structural organization of Trypanosoma cruzi. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 104: 89-100.
2. de Souza W (2008) An introduction to the structural organization of parasitic protozoa. Curr Pharm Des 14: 822-838.
3. Wilson NF, Iyer JK, Buchheim JA, Meek W (2008) Regulation of flagellar le ngthin Chlamydomonas. Semin Cell Dev Biol 19: 494-501.
4. de Souza W, Martinez-Palomo A, Gonzalez-Robles A (1978) The cell surface of Trypanosoma cruzi: cytochemistry and freeze-fracture. J Cell Sci 33: 285-299.
5. Rusconi F, Durand-Dubief M, Bastin P (2005) Functional complementation of RNA interference mutants in trypanosomes. BMC Biotechnol 5: 6.
6. Abdille MH, Li SY, Jia Y, Suo X, Mkoji G (2008) Evidence for the existence of paraflagellar rod protein 2 (PFR2) gene in Trypanosoma evansi and its conservation among other kinetoplastid parasites. Exp Parasitol 118: 614-618.
7. Souto-Padrón T, de Carvalho TU, Chiari E, de Souza W (1984) Further studies on the cell surface charge of Trypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop 41: 215-225.
8. Bastin P, Sherwin T, Gull K (1998) Paraflagellar rod is vital for trypanosome motility. Nature 391: 548.
9. Ralston KS, Hill KL (2008) The flagellum of Trypanosoma brucei: new tricks from an old dog. Int J Parasitol 38: 869-884.
10. Vickerman K (1973) The Mode of Attachment of Trypanosoma vivax in the Proboscis of the Tsetse Fly Glossina fuscipes: an Ultrastructural Study of the Epimastigote Stage of the Trypanosome. J Protozool 20: 394-404.
11. Tetley L, Vickerman K (1985) Differentiation in Trypanosoma brucei: Host-parasite cell junctions and their persistence during acquisition of the variable antigen coat. J Cell Sci 74: 1-19.
12. Walters LL, Modi GB, Tesh RB, Burrage T (1987) Host-parasite relationship of Leishmania mexicana mexicana and Lutzomyia abonnenci (Diptera: Psychodidae). Am J Trop Med 36: 294-314.
13. Farina M, Attias M, Souto-Padron T, de Souza W (1986) Further studies on the organization of the paraxial rod of Trypanosomatids. J Protozool 33: 552-557.
14. Gadelha C, LeBowitz JH, Manning J, Seebeck T, Gull K (2004) Relationships between the major kinetoplastid paraflagellar rod proteins: a consolidating nomenclature. Mol Biochem Parasitol 136: 113-115.
15. Moreira-Leite FF, de Souza W, da Cunha-e-Silva NL (1999) Purification of the paraflagellar rod of the trypanosomatid Herpetomonas megaseliae and identification of some of its minor components. Mol Biochem Parasitol 104: 131-140.
16. Portman N, Gull K (2010) The paraflagellar rod of kinetoplastid parasites: From structure to components and function. Int J Parasitol 40: 135-148.
17. Katta SS, Sahasrabuddhe AA, Gupta CM (2009) Flagellar localization of a novel isoform of myosin, myosin XXI, in Leishmania. Mol Biochem Parasitol 164: 105-110.
18. Santrich C, Moore L, Sherwin T, Bastin P, Brokaw C, et al. (1997) A motility function for the paraflagellar rod of Leishmania parasites revealed by PFR-2 gene knockouts. Mol Biochem Parasitol 90: 95-109.
19. Hunger-Glaser I, Seebeck T (1997) Deletion of the genes for the paraflagellar rod protein PFR-A in Trypanosoma brucei is probably lethal. Mol Biochem Parasitol 90: 347-351.
20. Bastin P, MacRae TH, Francis SB, Matthews KR, Gull K (1999) Flagellar morphogenesis: protein targeting and assembly in the paraflagellar rod of trypanosomes. Mol Cell Biol 19: 8191-8200.
21. Dvorak JA, Kobayashi S, Abe K, Fujiwara T, Takeuchi T, et al. (2000) The application of the atomic force microscope to studies of medically important protozoan parasites. J Elec Microsc 49: 429-435.
22. Akaki M, Nakano Y, Nagayasu E, Nagakura K, Kawai S, et al. (2001) Invasive forms of Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi have a positive charge at their contact site with host cells. Parasitol Res 87: 193-197.
23. Rocha GM, Miranda K, Weissmüller G, Bisch PM, de Souza W (2008) Ultrastructure of Trypanosoma cruzi revisited by atomic force microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 71: 133-139.
24. Goodenough UW, Heuser JE (1982) Substructure of the outer dynein arm. J Cell Biol 95: 798-815.
25. Heuser JE, Reese TS, Dennis MJ, Jan Y, Jan L, et al. (1979) Synaptic vesicle exocytosis captured by quick freezing and correlated with quantal transmitter release. J Cell Biol 81: 275-300.
26. Bovee EC, Jahn TL (1972) A theory of piezoelectric activity and ion-movements in the relation of flagellar structures and their movements to the phototaxis of Euglena. J Theor Biol 35: 259-276.
27. Schliwa M, van Blerkom J (1981) Structural interaction of cytoskeletal components. J Cell Biol 90: 222-235.