Derivation and validation of a new cardiovascular risk score for people with type 2 diabetes: The New Zealand diabetes cohort study

Diabetes Care

Volumn 33, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1347-1352

  Elley, C Raina ^a   Robinson, Elizabeth ^a   Kenealy, Tim ^a   Bramley, Dale ^b   Drury, Paul L ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^b WAITEMATA DISTRICT HEALTH BOARD   (New Zealand)

^c AUCKLAND DISTRICT HEALTH BOARD   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; CREATININE; GLUCOSE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CREATINE;

ADULT; AGED; ALBUMINURIA; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; ETHNIC GROUP; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; KIDNEY FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD; MICROALBUMINURIA; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMICS; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; NEW ZEALAND; RISK FACTOR; URINE;

ALBUMINURIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COHORT STUDIES; CREATINE; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEW ZEALAND; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 77956070095     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: 19355548     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1444     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:229-234 (Pubitemid 28350165)
2. Anderson KM, Odell PM, Wilson PW, Kannel WB. Cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Am Heart J 1991;121:293-298
3. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1296-1305
4. Yuyun MF, Adler AI, Wareham NJ. What is the evidence that microalbuminuria is a predictor of cardiovascular disease events? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005;14:271-276
5. Kenealy T, Elley CR, Robinson E, Bramley D, Drury PL, Kerse NM, Moyes SA, Arroll B. An association between ethnicity and cardiovascular outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes in New Zealand. Diabet Med 2008;25:1302-1308
6. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, Minhas R, Sheikh A, Brindle P. Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2. BMJ 2008;336:1475-1482 (Pubitemid 351977019)
7. Elley CR, Kenealy T, Robinson E, Drury PL. Glycated haemoglobin and cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: a large prospective cohort study. Diabet Med 2008;25:1295-1301
8. Selvin E, Marinopoulos S, Berkenblit G, Rami T, Brancati FL, Powe NR, Golden SH. Meta-analysis: glycosylated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:421-431
9. Stevens RJ, Kothari V, Adler AI, Stratton IM, the UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. The UKPDS risk engine: a model for the risk of coronary heart disease in type II diabetes (UKPDS 56). Clin Sci 2001;101:671-679
10. Donnan PT, Donnelly L, New JP, Morris AD. Derivation and validation of a prediction score for major coronary heart disease events in a U.K. type 2 diabetic population. Diabetes Care 2006;29:1231-1236
11. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, May M, Brindle P. Derivation and validation of QRISK, a new cardiovascular disease risk score for the United Kingdom: prospective open cohort study. BMJ 2007;335:136
12. D'Agostino RB, Sr, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, Wolf PA, Cobain M, Massaro JM, Kannel WB. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2008;117:743-753
13. Woodward M, Brindle P, Tunstall-Pedoe H, the SIGN Group on Risk Estimation. Adding social deprivation and family history to cardiovascular risk assessment: the ASSIGN score from the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (SHHEC). Heart 2007;93:172-176
14. Lee ET, Howard BV, Wang W, Welty TK, Galloway JM, Best LG, Fabsitz RR, Zhang Y, Yeh J, Devereux RB. Prediction of coronary heart disease in a population with high prevalence of diabetes and albuminuria: the Strong Heart Study. Circulation 2006;113:2897-2905 (Pubitemid 44297230)
15. DECODE Study Group, the European Diabetes Epidemiology Group. Prediction of the risk of cardiovascular mortality using a score that includes glucose as a risk factor. Diabetologia 2004;47:2118-2128
16. Cederholm J, Eeg-Olofsson K, Eliasson B, Zethelius B, Nilsson P, Gudbjörnsdottir S, the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a risk equation from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Diabetes Care 2008;31:2038-2043
17. Conroy R, Pyörälä K, Fitzgerald A, Sans S, Menotti A, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, Ducimetière P, Jousilahti P, Keil U, Njølstad I, Oganov R, Thomsen T, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Tverdal A, Wedel H, Whincup P, Wilhelmsen L, Graham I, the SCORE Project Group. Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE Project. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:987-1003
18. Yang X, So W, Kong A, Ho C, Lam C, Stevens R, Lyu R, Yin D, Cockram C, Tong P, Wong V, Chan J. Development and validation of stroke risk equation for Hong Kong Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Diabetes Care 2007;30:65-70 (Pubitemid 46052501)
19. Petursson H, Getz L, Sigurdsson JA, Hetlevik I. Can individuals with a significant risk for cardiovascular disease be adequately identified by combination of several risk factors? Modelling study based on the Norwegian HUNT 2 population J Eval Clin Pract 2009;15:103-109
20. Salmond C, Crampton P, Sutton F. NZDep91: a New Zealand index of deprivation. Aust N Z J Public Health 1998;22:835-837
21. Statistics New Zealand. Statistical Standard for Ethnicity 2005 [article online], Wellington, 2005. Available at http://search.stats.govt.nz/search?w= Standards%20for%20ethnicity.pdf. Accessed 15 April 2010
22. Anonymous. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS): VIII. Study design, progress and performance. Diabetologia 1991;34:877-890
23. Therneau T, Grambsch P. Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model. New York, Springer, 2000, Chapter 6: Testing Proportional Hazards, p. 127-148
24. McGeechan K, Macaskill P, Irwig L, Liew G, Wong T. Assessing new biomarkers and predictive models for use in clinical practice: a clinician's guide. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:2304-2310
25. Simmons R, Coleman R, Price H, Holman R, Khaw K, Wareham N, Griffin S. Performance of the UK Prospective Diabetes Study risk engine and the Framingham risk equations in estimating cardiovascular disease in the EPICNorfolk cohort. Diabetes Care 2009;32:708-713