A new highly sensitive point of care screen for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis using the leukocyte esterase method

Journal of Hepatology

Volumn 53, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 477-483

  Mendler, Michel Henry ^a   Agarwal, Arun ^b   Trimzi, Mateen ^a   Madrigal, Erika ^a   Tsushima, Matthew ^a   Joo, Elliot ^a   Santiago, Marisela ^a   Flores, Elissa ^a   David, Gabriel ^c   Workman, Adrienne ^c   Runyon, Bruce ^a  

^a LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b Serim Research Corporation   (United States)

^c LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ascites; Leukocyte esterase; Point of care testing; Screen; Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Indexed keywords

ESTERASE; IMIPENEM;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASCITES FLUID; BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; CALIBRATION; CHYLE; COLORIMETRY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCREENING TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEPSIS;

ASCITIC FLUID; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; CARBOXYLIC ESTER HYDROLASES; FALSE POSITIVE REACTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION, PORTAL; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUTROPHILS; PERITONITIS; POINT-OF-CARE SYSTEMS; REAGENT STRIPS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 77955853494     PISSN: 01688278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.011     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. A. Rimola, G. Garcia-Tsao, and M. Navasa Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a consensus document. International Ascites Club J Hepatol 32 2000 142 153
2. J.B. Nousbaum, J.F. Cadranel, and P. Nahon Diagnostic accuracy of the Multistix 8 SG reagent strip in diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatology 45 2007 1275 1281
3. B. Chinnock, H. Afarian, and H. Minnigan Physician clinical impression does not rule out spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients undergoing emergency department paracentesis Ann Emerg Med 52 2008 268 273
4. B.A. Runyon, J.G. McHutchison, and M.R. Antillon Short-course versus long-course antibiotic treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. A randomized controlled study of 100 patients Gastroenterology 100 1991 1737 1742
5. L.T. Evans, W.R. Kim, and J.J. Poterucha Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in asymptomatic outpatients with cirrhotic ascites Hepatology 37 2003 897 901
6. J. Castellote, A. Girbau, and S. Maisterra Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and bacterascites prevalence in asymptomatic cirrhotic outpatients undergoing large-volume paracentesis J Gastroenterol Hepatol 23 2008 256 259
7. B. Chinnock, and G.W. Hendey Can clear ascitic fluid appearance rule out spontaneous bacterial peritonitis? Am J Emerg Med 25 2007 934 937
8. C.L. Wong, J. Holroyd-Leduc, and K.E. Thorpe Does this patient have bacterial peritonitis or portal hypertension? How do I perform a paracentesis and analyze the results? JAMA 299 2008 1166 1178
9. B.A. Runyon Management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis Hepatology 39 2004 841 856
10. H.O. Conn Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Multiple revisitations Gastroenterology 70 1976 455 457
11. J. Fernandez, M. Navasa, and J. Gomez Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: epidemiological changes with invasive procedures and norfloxacin prophylaxis Hepatology 35 2002 140 148
12. R. de Jonge, R. Brouwer, and M. van Rijn Automated analysis of pleural fluid total and differential leukocyte counts with the Sysmex XE-2100 Clin Chem Lab Med 44 2006 1367 1371
13. Available from: http://www.cms.hhs.gov/ClinicalLabFeeSched/02-clinlab. asp#TopOfPage. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule. 08CLAB.ZIP file. The update includes all changes identified in CR5813 [revised 05.05.08: accessed 30.07.08].
14. E. Nguyen-Khac, J.F. Cadranel, and T. Thevenot Review article: utility of reagent strips in diagnosis of infected ascites in cirrhotic patients Aliment Pharmacol Ther 28 2008 282 288
15. H. Xiaobo, L. Yong, and J. Daming External quality assessment of automated hematology analyzer performance using fresh human blood samples in Shanghai Lab Hematol 9 2003 175 178
16. P.W. Barnes, S.L. McFadden, and S.J. Machin The international consensus group for hematology review: suggested criteria for action following automated CBC and WBC differential analysis Lab Hematol 11 2005 83 90
17. S. Angeloni, G. Nicolini, and M. Merli Validation of automated blood cell counter for the determination of polymorphonuclear cell count in the ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients with or without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Am J Gastroenterol 98 2003 1844 1848
18. O. Riggio, S. Angeloni, and A. Parente Accuracy of the automated cell counters for management of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis World J Gastroenterol 14 2008 5689 5694
19. D. Kutter, G. Figueiredo, and L. Klemmer Chemical detection of leukocytes in urine by means of a new multiple test strip J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 25 1987 91 94
20. C. Hiscoke, H. Yoxall, and D. Greig Validation of a method for the rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection suitable for use in general practice Br J Gen Pract 40 1990 403 405
21. G. Vanbiervliet, C. Rakotoarisoa, and J. Filippi Diagnostic accuracy of a rapid urine-screening test (Multistix8SG) in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14 2002 1257 1260
22. J. Castellote, C. López, and J. Gornals Rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by use of reagent strips Hepatology 37 2003 893 896
23. T. Thévenot, J.F. Cadranel, and E. Nguyen-Khac Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients by use of two reagent strips Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 16 2004 579 583
24. R.C. Butani, R.T. Shaffer, and R.D. Szyjkowski Rapid diagnosis of infected ascitic fluid using leukocyte esterase dipstick testing Am J Gastroenterol 99 2004 532 537
25. T. Sapey, E. Mena, and E. Fort Rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with leukocyte esterase reagent strips in a European and in an American center J Gastroenterol Hepatol 20 2005 187 192 (Pubitemid 40343269)
26. T. Sapey, D. Kabissa, and E. Fort Instant diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis using leukocyte esterase reagent strips: Nephur-test vs. MultistixSG Liver Int 25 2005 343 348
27. B. Wisniewski, P.E. Rautou, and Y. Al Sirafi Diagnosis of spontaneous ascites infection in patients with cirrhosis: reagent strips Presse Med 34 2005 997 1000
28. D.Y. Kim, J.H. Kim, and C.Y. Chon Usefulness of urine strip test in the rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Liver Int 25 2005 1197 1201
29. S. Sarwar, A. Alam, and M. Izhar Bedside diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis using reagent strips J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 15 2005 418 421
30. D.K. Kim, D.J. Suh, G.D. Kim, W.B. Choi, S.H. Kim, and Y.S. Lim Usefulness of reagent strips for the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis [article in Korean] Korean J Hepatol 11 2005 243 249
31. L.L. Braga, M.H. Souza, and A.M. Barbosa Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients in northeastern Brazil by use of rapid urine-screening test Sao Paulo Med J 124 2006 141 144
32. B. Campillo, J.P. Richardet, and C. Dupeyron Diagnostic value of two reagent strips (Multistix 8 SG and Combur 2 LN) in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and symptomatic bacterascites Gastroenterol Clin Biol 30 2006 446 452
33. J. Li, Y. Pan, W.G. Bao, J.Q. Niu, and F. Wang Multistix10SG urine test in diagnosing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis [article in Chinese] Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 14 2006 784 785
34. R. Rerknimitr, W. Rungsangmanoon, and P. Kongkam Efficacy of leukocyte esterase dipstick test as a rapid test in diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis World J Gastroenterol 12 2006 7183 7187
35. D.R. Gaya, B.L.T. David, and J. Clarke Bedside leucocyte esterase reagent strips with spectrophotometric analysis to rapidly exclude spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a pilot study Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 19 2007 289 295
36. S. Torun, E. Dolar, and Y. Yilmaz Evaluation of leukocyte esterase and nitrite strip tests to detect spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients World J Gastroenterol 13 2007 6027 6030
37. T.C. Ribeiro, M. Kondo, and A.C. Amaral Evaluation of reagent strips for ascitic fluid leukocyte determination: is it a possible alternative for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis rapid diagnosis? Braz J Infect Dis 11 2007 70 74
38. S.R. Nobre, J.E. Cabral, C. Sofia, and M.C. Leitão Value of reagent strips in the rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatogastroenterology 55 2008 1020 1023
39. Avilable from: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/ PMNSimpleSearch.cfm?db=PMN&id=K000578. U.S. FDA, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, 510(k) Premarket Notification Database. Number K000578 [accessed 30.07.08].
40. R. Sam, M. Sahani, and E. Ulozas Utility of a peritoneal dialysis leukocyte test strip in the diagnosis of peritonitis Artif Organs 26 2002 546 548
41. S.J. Park, J.Y. Lee, and W.T. Tak Using reagent strips for rapid diagnosis of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients Adv Perit Dial 21 2005 69 71
42. Munsell Color Macbeth, Division of Kollmorgen Corp., Copyright 1949,1957:2441 North Calvert Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218.
43. B.D. Conner, Y.C. Lee, and P. Branca Variations in pleural fluid WBC count and differential counts with different sample containers and different methods Chest 123 2003 1181 1187
44. M.H. Haber Clinical laboratory medicine K.D. McClatchey, Medical microscopy and urinalysis 1994 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore 513 548
45. J. Castellote, C. Lopez, and J. Gornals Use of reagent strips for the rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial empyema J Clin Gastroenterol 39 2005 278 281
46. V. Gülberg, A.L. Gerbes, and T. Sauerbruch Insufficient sensitivity of reagent strips for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatology 46 2007 1669 [author reply 1669-1670]
47. L. Verstraeten, M.C. Ledoux, and B. Moos Interference of Tienam in colorimetric determination of 5-aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen in serum and urine Clin Chem 38 1992 2557 2558
48. J.H. Beer, A. Vogt, and K. Neftel False positive results for leucocytes in urine dipstick test with common antibiotics BMJ 313 1996 25