Shrinkage cracking behavior of fiber reinforced concrete: As assessed using the restrained ring test

Journal of ASTM International

Volumn 7, Issue 7, 2010, Pages

  Raoufi, Kambiz ^a   Bernard, E Stefan ^b   Weiss, W Jason ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TSE Pty Ltd   (Australia)

Author keywords

Degree of restraint and fracture energy; Fiber reinforced concrete; Localization; Restrained shrinkage; Ring test; Shrinkage cracking; Size effect

Indexed keywords

DEGREE OF RESTRAINT AND FRACTURE ENERGY; FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE; LOCALIZATION; RESTRAINED SHRINKAGE; RING TEST; SHRINKAGE CRACKING; SIZE EFFECTS;

CONCRETE ADDITIVES; CONCRETE BUILDINGS; CRACKING (CHEMICAL); DAMAGE DETECTION; FIBERS; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; FRACTURE; FRACTURE ENERGY; MIXTURES; REINFORCED CONCRETE; TESTING;

SHRINKAGE;

EID: 77955799435     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1546962X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1520/JAI102991     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Grzybowski, M. and Shah, S., "Shrinkage Cracking of Fiber Reinforced Concrete," ACI Mater. J., Vol.87, No.2, 1990, pp. 138-148. (Pubitemid 20683181)
2. Wu, H., Lim, Y., Li, V., and Foremsky, D., "Utilization of Recycled Fibers in Concrete Source," Proceedings of the Materials Engineering Conference, Volume 1, Materials for the New Millennium, Washington, D.C., 1996, ASCE, Washingotn, DC, pp. 799-808.
3. Sarigaphuti, M., Shah, S., and Vinson, K., "Shrinkage Cracking and Durability Characteristics of Cellulose Fiber Reinforced Concrete," ACI Mater. J., Vol.90, No.4, 1993, pp. 309-318.
4. Shah, S., Marikunte, S., Yang, W., and Aldea, C., "Control of Cracking with Shrinkage-Reducing Admixtures," Transportation Research Record. 1574, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 1997, pp. 25-36.
5. Sanjuan, M., Andrade, C., and Bentur, A., "Effect of Crack Control in Mortars Containing Polypropylene Fibers on the Corrosion of Steel in a Cementitious Matrix," ACI Mater. J., Vol.94, No.2, 1997, pp. 134-141.
6. Weiss, J., August 1999, "Prediction of Early-Age Shrinkage Cracking in Concrete," Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
7. Bentur, A., Berke, N., Dallaire, M., and Durning, T., "Crack Mitigation Effects of Shrinkage Reducing Admixtures," ACI Spec. Publ., Vol.204, 2001, pp. 155-170.
8. Bentur, A., Igarashi, S., and Kovler, K., "Prevention of Autogenous Shrinkage in High Strength Concrete by Internal Curing Using Wet Lightweight Aggregates," Cem. Concr. Res., Vol.31, 2001, pp. 1587-1591.
9. Bentz, D. and Jensen, O., "Mitigation Strategies for Autogenous Shrinkage Cracking," Cem. Concr. Res., Vol.26, 2004, pp. 677-685.
10. Kovler, K. and Bentur, A., "Shrinkage of Early Age Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete," Arch. Civ. Eng., Vol.43, No.4, 1997, pp. 431-439.
11. Altoubat, S. and Lange, D., "Creep, Shrinkage, and Cracking of Restrained Concrete at Early Age," ACI Mater. J., Vol.98, No.4, 2001, pp. 323-331.
12. Shah, H. and Weiss, J., "Quantifying Shrinkage Cracking in Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using the Ring Test," Mater. Struct., Vol.39, No.9, 2006, pp. 887-899.
13. Mobasher, B. and Shah, S., "Test Parameters for Evaluating Toughness of Glass-Fiber Reinforced Concrete Panels," ACI Mater. J., Vol.86, No.5, 1989, pp. 448-458.
14. Li, V., Stang, H., and Krenchel, H., "Micromechanics of Crack Bridging in Fibre-Reinforced Concrete," Mater. Struct., Vol.26, No.8, 1993, pp. 486-494.
15. Shah, H., Swartz, S., and Ouyang, C., Fracture Mechanics of Concrete, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1995.
16. Banthia, N. and Gupta, R., "Influence of Polypropylene Fiber Geometry on Plastic Shrinkage Cracking in Concrete," Cem. Concr. Res., Vol.36, 2006, pp. 1263-1267.
17. Shao, Y. and Mirmiran, A., "Control of Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete with Carbon Fiber- Reinforced Polymer Grids," J. Mater. Civ. Eng., Vol.19, No.5, 2007, pp. 441-444.
18. ASTM C1609/C1609M-05, "Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam with Third-Point Loading," Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.04.02, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 827-834.
19. RILEM TC 162-TDF, "Test and Design Methods for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete: Uni-Axial Tension Test for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete-Recommendations," Mater. Struct., Vol.34, 2001, pp. 3-6.
20. ASTM C1550-05, "Standard Test Method for Flexural Toughness of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (Using Centrally Loaded Round Panel) " Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.04.02, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 752-764.
21. Ostergaard, L., Lange, D., and Stang, H., "Early-Age Stress-Crack Opening Relationships for High Performance Concrete," Cem. Concr. Compos., Vol.26, No.5, 2004, pp. 563-572.
22. ACI Committee 544, "Measurement of Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete," ACI Mater. J., Vol.85, No.6, 1988, pp. 583-593.
23. Karaguler, M. and Shah, S., "A Test Method to Evaluate Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete," Serviceability and Durability of Construction Materials-Proceedings of the First Materials Engineering Congress, B. A. Suprenant, ed., Denver, CO, 1990, ASCE, Denver, CO, pp. 626-639. (Pubitemid 20728400)
24. Banthia, N., Azzabi, M., and Pigeon, M., "Restrained Shrinkage Tests on Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites," ACI Spec. Publ., Vol.155, 1995, pp. 137-152.
25. Swamy, R. and Stavrides, H., "Influence of Fiber Reinforcement on Restrained Shrinkage and Cracking," J. Am. Concr. Inst., Vol.76, No.3, 1979, pp. 443-460.
26. Krenchel, H. and Shah, S., "Restrained Shrinkage Tests with PP-Fiber Reinforced Concrete," ACI Spec. Publ., Vol.105, 1987, pp. 141-158.
27. Mesbah, H. and Buyle-Bodin, F., "Efficiency of Polypropylene and Metallic Fibres on Control of Shrinkage and Cracking of Recycled Aggregate Mortars," Constr. Build. Mater., Vol.13, No.8, 1999, pp. 439-447.
28. ASTM C1581-09a, "Standard Test Method for Determining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile Stress Characteristics of Mortar and Concrete under Restrained Shrinkage," Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.04.02, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, p. 966.0002-7820
29. Branch, J., Rawling, A., Hannant, D., and Mulheron, M., "The Effects of Fibres on the Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of High Strength Concrete," Mater. Struct., Vol.34, No.247, 2002, pp. 189-194. (Pubitemid 34684421)
30. Shah, H., 2004, "Quantifying the Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforcement in Mitigating Restrained Shrinkage Cracking in Concrete," M.S. thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
31. Voigt, T., Bui, V., and Shah, S., "Drying Shrinkage of Concrete Reinforced with Fibers and Welded- Wire Fabric," ACI Mater. J., Vol.101, No.3, 2004, pp. 233-241.
32. Rapoport, J. and Shah, S., "Cast-in-Place Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete," ACI Mater. J., Vol.102, No.5, 2005, pp. 299-306.
33. See, H. and Attiogbe, E., "Performance of Self-Consolidating Concrete Under Restrained Shrinkage," ACI Spec. Publ., Vol.227, 2005, pp. 303-316.
34. Weiss, J., Yang, W., and Shah, S., "Influence of Specimen Size/Geometry on Shrinkage Cracking of Rings," J. Eng. Mech., Vol.126, No.1, 2000, pp. 93-101.
35. Weiss, J., Güler, K., and Shah, S., "Localization and Size-Dependent Response of Reinforced Con- crete Beams," ACI Struct. J., Vol.98, No.5, 2001, pp. 686-695.
36. Bazant, Z. and Planas, J., Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1998.
37. Gopalaratnam, V. and Shah, S., "Softening Response of Plain Concrete in Tension," ACI J. Proc., Vol.82, No.3, 1985, pp. 310-323.
38. Van Mier, J., "Fracture of Concrete Under Complex Stress," Heron, Vol.31, No.3, 1986, pp. 1-90.
39. Jansen, D., 1996, "Post-Peak Properties of High Strength Concrete Cylinders in Compression and Reinforced Beams in Shear," Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
40. Shah, S. and Sankar, R., "Internal Cracking and Strain Softening Response of Concrete Under Uniaxial Compression," ACI Struct. J., Vol.84, No.3, 1987, pp. 200-212.
41. Jansen, D. and Shah, S., "Effect of Length on Compressive Strain Softening of Concrete," J. Eng. Mech., Vol.123, No.1, 1997, pp. 25-35.
42. Barenblatt, G., "The Mathematical Theory of Equilibrium of Cracks in Brittle Fracture," Adv. Appl. Mech., Vol.7, 1962, pp. 55-129.
43. Dugdale, D., "Yielding of Steel Sheets Containing Slits," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, Vol.8, 1960, pp. 100-104.
44. Hillerborg, A., Modeer, M., and Petersson, P., "Analysis of Crack Formation and Crack Growth in Concrete by Means of Fracture Mechanics and Finite Elements," Cem. Concr. Res., Vol.6, No.6, 1976, pp. 773-781.
45. Bazant, Z., "Instability, Ductility,a nd Size Effect in Strain-Softening Concrete," J. Engrg. Mech. Div-ASCE, Vol.102, No.2, 1976, pp. 331-344.
46. Hillerborg, A., "A Model for Fracture Analysis," Report TVBM-3005, Division of Building Materials, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund, Sweden, 1978.
47. FEMMASSE MLS 8.5; User Manual. (2006). Finite Element Modules for Material Science and Structural Engineering, MLS Version 8.5, FEMMASSE B.V., Netherlands.
48. Raoufi, K., 2010, "Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete Systems: The Influence of Damage Localization on Crack Widths," Ph.D. thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (in Progress)
49. Sadouki, H. and Denarie, E., "Modeling of UHPFRC in Composite Structures," Final Report, Report No. SAM-GE-DE26, Sustainable and Advanced Materials for Road Infrastructure (SAMARIS) Project, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2006.
50. Radlinska, A., 2008, "Reliability-Based Analysis of Early-Age Cracking in Concrete," Ph.D. thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
51. Moon, J., Rajabipour, F., Pease, B., and Weiss, J., "Quantifying the Influence of Specimen Geometry on the Results of the Restrained Ring Test," J. ASTM Int., Vol.3, No.8, 2006, pp. 1-14.
52. Hossain, A. and Weiss, J., "Assessing Residual Stress Development and Stress Relaxation in Restrained Concrete Ring Specimens," Cem. Concr. Compos., Vol.26, 2004, pp. 531-540.
53. Dehrdrai, M., 2008, "Health Monitoring of Civil Engineering Materials," M.S. thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
54. Bazant, Z. and Wu, S., "Rate-Type Creep Law of Aging Concrete Based on Maxwell Chain," Mater. Struct., Vol.7, No.1, 1974, pp. 45-60.
55. Findley, W., Lai, J., and Onaran, K., Creep and Relaxation of Nonlinear Viscoelastic Materials: With an Introduction to Linear Viscoelasticity, Dover Publications, New York, 1989.