A test of initiation of submarine leveed channels by deposition alone

Journal of Sedimentary Research

Volumn 80, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 710-727

  Rowland, Joel C ^a   Hilley, George E ^b   Fildani, Andrea ^c  

^a LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CHEVRON ENERGY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EMBANKMENTS; LEVEES; SEDIMENTS; SUBMARINES;

BULK RICHARDSON NUMBER; HYDRODYNAMIC CONDITIONS; LATERAL SPREADING; OUTLET VELOCITIES; PARTIAL CONFINEMENT; SEDIMENT DEPOSITION; SEDIMENT LADEN FLOWS; SUBMARINE CHANNEL;

DEPOSITS;

CURRENT VELOCITY; DENSITY CURRENT; DEPOSITION; HYDRODYNAMICS; NUMERICAL MODEL; RICHARDSON NUMBER; SUBMARINE CHANNEL;

EID: 77955724846     PISSN: 15271404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2110/Jsr.2010.067     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. ALEXANDER, J., MCLELLAND, S.J., GRAY, T.E., VINCENT, C.E., LEEDER, MR., AND ELLETT, S., 2008, Laboratory sustained turbidity currents form elongate ridges at channel mouths: Sedimentology, v. 55, p. 845-868, doi:10.l 11 l/j.1365-3091.2007.00923.x.
2. BAAS, J.H., VAN KESTEREN, W., AND POSTMA, G., 2004, Deposits of depletive high-density turbidity currents: a flume analogue of bed geometry, structure and texture: Sedimentology, v. 51, p. 1053-1088, doi: 10.1111/j. 1365-3091.2004.00660.x.
3. BATES, C.C., 1953, Rational theory of delta formation: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 37, p. 2119-2162.
4. BRADFORD, S.F., AND KATOPODES, N.D., 1999a, Hydrodynamics of turbid underflows. I: Formulation and numerical analysis: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 125, p. 1006-1015.
5. BRADFORD, S.F., AND KATOPODES, N.D., 1999b, Hydrodynamics of turbid underflows. II: Aggradation, avulsion, and channelization: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 125, p. 1016-1028.
6. DEPTUCK, M.E., STEFFENS, G.S., BARTON, M., AND PIRMEZ, C., 2003, Architecture and evolution of upper fan channel-belts on the Niger Delta slope and in the Arabian Sea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 20, p. 649-676.
7. DIETRICH, W.E., 1982, Settling velocity of natural particles: Water Resources Research, v. 18, p. 1615-1626.
8. EDMONDS, D.A., AND SLINGERLAND, R L., 2007, Mechanics of river mouth bar formation: Implications for the morphodynamics of delta distributary networks: Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface, v. 112, no. F02034, doi: 10.1029/ 2006JF000574.
9. ELLISON, T.H., AND TURNER, J.S., 1959, Turbulent entrainment in stratified flows: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v. 6, p. 423-448.
10. FEDELE, J.J., AND GARCIA, M.H., 2009, Laboratory experiments on the formation of subaqueous depositional gullies by turbidity currents: Marine Geology, v. 258, p. 48-59.
11. FILDANI, A., AND NORMARK, W.R., 2004, Late Quaternary evolution of channel and lobe complexes of Monterey Fan: Marine Geology, v. 206, p. 199-223.
12. FILDANI, A., NORMARK, W.R., KOSTIC, S., AND PARKER, G., 2006, Channel formation by flow stripping: large-scale scour features along the Monterey East Channel and their relation to sediment waves: Sedimentology, v. 53, p. 1265-1287.
13. GARCIA, M., 1993, Hydraulic jumps in sediment-driven bottom currents: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 119, p. 1094-1117.
14. GARCIA, M., AND PARKER, G., 1989, Experiments on hydraulic jumps in turbidity currents near a canyon-fan transition: Science, v. 245, p. 393-396.
15. GEE, M.J.R., GAWTHORPE, R.L., BAKKE, K., AND FRIEDMANN, S.J., 2007, Seismic geomorphology and evolution of submarine channels from the Angolan continental margin: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 77, p. 433-446.
16. HALL, B., MEIBURO, E., AND KNELLER, B., 2008, Channel formation by turbidity currents: Navier-Stokes-based linear stability analysis: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v. 605, p. 185-210.
17. HEINIO, P., AND DA VIES, R.J., 2009, Trails of depressions and sediment waves along submarine channels on the continental margin of Espirito Santo Basin, Brazil: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 121, p. 698-711, doi: 10.1130/B26190.1.
18. HUANG, H., IMRAN, J., AND PIRMEZ, C., 2007, Numerical modeling of poorly sorted depositional turbidity currents: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 112, C01014, doi: 10.1029/2006JC003778.
19. HUANG, H., IMRAN, J., PIRMEZ, C., ZHANG, Q., AND CHEN, G., 2009, The critical densimetric Froude number of subaqueous gravity currents can be non-unity or non-existent: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 79, p. 479-485, doi: 10.2110/jsr.2009.048.
20. IMRAN, J., PARKER, G., AND KATOPODES, N., 1998, A numerical model of channel inception on submarine fans: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, v. 103, p. 1219-1238.
21. IMRAN, J., PARKER, G., AND HARFF, P., 2002, Experiments on incipient channelization of submarine fans: Journal of Hydraulic Research, v. 40, p. 21-32.
22. IZUMI, N., 2004, The formation of submarine gullies by turbidity currents: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 109, doi: 10.1029/2O03JCO01998.
23. JEGOU, I., SAVOYE, B., PIRMEZ, C., AND DROZ, L., 2008, Channel-mouth lobe complex of the recent Amazon Fan: The missing piece: Marine Geology, v. 252, p. 62-77, doi:10.1016/j.mergeo.2008.03.004.
24. KANE, I.A., MCCAFFREY, W.D., AND PEAKALL, J., 2008, Controls on sinuosity evolution within submarine channels: Geology, v. 36, p. 287-290, doi: 10.1130/G24588A.1.
25. KLAUCKE, I., HESSE, R., AND RYAN, W.B.F., 1997, Flow parameters of turbidity currents in a low-sinuosity giant deep-sea channel: Sedimentology, v. 44, p. 1093-1102, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1997.tb00449.x.
26. KOMAR, P.D., 1971, Hydraulic jumps in turbidity currents: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 82, p. 1477-1488.
27. KOSTIC, K., AND PARKER, G., 2006, The Response of turbidity currents to a canyon-fan transition: Internal hydraulic jumps and depositional signatures: Journal of Hydraulic Research, v. 44, p. 631-653.
28. LAMB, M.P., PARSONS, J.D., MULLENBACH, B.L., FINLAYSON, D.P., ORANGE, D.L., AND NITTROUER, C.A., 2008, Evidence for superelevation, channel incision, and formation of cyclic steps by turbidity currents in Eel Canyon, California: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 120, p. 463-475.
29. LUTHI, S., 1981, Experiments on non-channelized turbidity currents and their deposits: Marine Geology, v. 40, p. M59-M68.
30. MCHAROUE, T.R., 1991, Seismic facies, processes, and evolution of Miocene inner fan channels, Indus Submarine Fan, in Weimer, P., and Link, M., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York: Springer-Verlag, p. 402-413.
31. MENARD, H.W., 1955, Deep-sea channels, topography, and sedimentation: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 39, p. 236-255.
32. METIVIER, F., LAIEUNESSE, E., AND CACAS, M.C., 2005, Submarine canyons in the bathtub: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 75, p. 6-11, doi: 10.2110/jst.2005.002.
33. MIDDLETON, G.V., AND WILCOCK, P.R., 1994. Mechanics in the Earth and Environmental Sciences: New York, Cambridge University Press, 459 p.
34. MILES, J.W., 1990, Richardson's number revisited, in List, E.J., and Jirka, G.H., eds., Stratified Flows: New York, American Society of Civil Engineers, p. 1-7.
35. MOHRIO, D., AND BUTTLES, J., 2007, Deep turbidity currents in shallow channels: Geology, v. 35, p. 155-158, doi: 10.1130/G22716A.1.
36. MUTTI, E., 1977, Distinctive thin-bedded turbidite facies and related depositional environments in the Eocene Hecho Group (South-central Pyrenees, Spain): Sedimentology, v. 24, p. 107-131.
37. Mum, E., AND NORMARK, W.R., 1987, Comparing examples of modern and ancient turbidite systems: problems and concepts, in Leggett, J.K., and Zuffa, G.G., eds., Marine Clastic Sedimentology: Concepts and Case Studies: London, Graham & Trotman, p. 1-38.
38. NORMARK, W.R., 1970, Growth patterns of deep-sea fans: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 54, p. 2170-2195.
39. NORMARK, W.R., PIPER, D.J.W., AND HESS, G.R., 1979, Distributary channels, sand lobes, and mesotopography of navy submarine fan, California Borderland, with applications to ancient fan sediments: Sedimentology, v. 26, p. 749-774.
40. NORMARK, W.R., PAULL, C.K., CARESS, D.W., USSLER, W., III, AND SLITER, R., 2009, Fine-scale relief related to Late Holocene channel shifting within the floor of the upper Redondo Fan, offshore Southern California: Sedimentology, v. 56, p. 1670-1689, doi.10.1111/J.1365-3091.2009.01052.X.
41. PARKER, G., 1982, Conditions for the ignition of catastrophically erosive turbidity currents: Marine Geology, v. 46, p. 307-327.
42. PARKER, G., FUKUSHIMA, Y., AND PANTIN, H.M., 1986, Self-accelerating turbidity currents: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v. 171, p. 145-181.
43. PARSONS, J.D., SCHWELLER, W.J., STELTING, C.W., SOUTHARD, J.B., LYONS, W.J., AND GROTZINGER, J.P., 2002, A preliminary experimental study of turbidite fan deposits: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 72, p. 619-628.
44. PEAKALL, J., MCCAFFREY, B., AND KNELLER, B., 2000, A process model for the evolution, morphology, and architecture of sinuous submarine channels: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 70, p. 434-448.
45. PIPER, D.J., AND NORMARK, W.R., 1983, Turbidite depositional patterns and flow characteristics, Navy Submarine Fan, California Borderland: Sedimentology, v. 30, p. 681-694.
46. PIPER, D.J.W., HISCOTT, R.N., AND NORMARK, W.R., 1999, Outcrop-scale acoustic facies analysis and latest Quaternary development of Hueneme and Dume submarine fans, offshore California: Sedimentology, v. 46, p. 47-78.
47. PIRMEZ, C., 1994, Growth of a submarine meandering channel-levee system on the Amazon Fan [unpublished Ph.D. thesis): Columbia University, New York, 587 p.
48. PIRMEZ, C., AND IMRAN, J., 2003, Reconstruction of turbidity currents in Amazon Channel: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 20, p. 823-849.
49. POSAMENTIER, H.W., AND KOLLA, V.E., 2003, Seismic geomorphology and stratigraphy of depositional elements in deep-water settings: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 367-388.
50. ROWLAND, J.C., 2007. Tie Channels [Ph.D. thesis): Berkeley, California, University of California, Berkeley, 176 p.
51. ROWLAND, J.C., STACEY, MX, AND DIETRICH, W.E., 2009, Turbulent characteristics of a shallow wall-bounded plane jet: experimental implications for river mouth hydrodynamics: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v. 627, p. 423-449, doi:10.1017/ S0022112009006107.
52. ROWLAND, J.C., DIETRICH, W.E., AND STACEY, M.T., in press, Morphodynamics of subaqueous levee formation: insights into river mouth morphologies arising from experiments: Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface.
53. SALAHELDIN, T.M., IMRAN, J., CHAUDHRY, M.H., AND REED, C., 2000, Role of finegrained sediment in turbidity current flow dynamics and resulting deposits: Marine Geology, v. 171, p. 21-38.
54. SHEPARD, F.P., 1948. Submarine Geology: New York, Harper and Brothers, 338 p.
55. SHIPBOARD SCIENTIFIC PARTY, 1995, Site 937, in Flood, R.D., Piper, D.J.W., and Klaus, A., et al. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial reports, Volume 155: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, p. 383-408.
56. SKENE, K I., PIPER, D.J.W., AND HILL, P.S., 2002, Quantitative analysis of variations in depositional sequence thickness from submarine channel levees: Sedimentology, v. 49, p. 1411-1430.
57. STRAUB, K.M., AND MOHRIG, D., 2008, Quantifying the morphology and growth of levees in aggrading submarine channels: Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface, v. 113, F03012, doi: 10.1029/2007J F000896.
58. STRAUB, K.M., AND MOHRIG, D., 2009, Constructional canyons built by sheet-like turbidity currents: observations from offshore Brunei Darussalam: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 79, p. 24-93, doi: 10.2110/jsr.2009.006.
59. STRAUB, K.M., MOHRIG, D., MCELROY, B., BUTTLES, J., AND PIRMEZ, C., 2008, Interactions between turbidity currents and topography in aggrading sinuous submarine channels: A laboratory study: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 120, p. 368-385, doi: 10.1130/B25983.1.
60. TENNEKES, H., AND LUMLEY, J L., 1972, A First Course in Turbulence: Cambridge, Massachusetts, The MIT Press, 300 p.
61. WRIGHT, L.D., 1977, Sediment transport and deposition at river mouths-synthesis: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 88, p. 857-868.
62. WYNN, R.B., KENYON, N.H., MASSON, D.G., STOW, D.A.V., AND WEAVER, P.P.E., 2002, Characterization and recognition of deep-water channel-lobe transition zones: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 86, p. 1441-1462.
63. Yu, B., CANTELU, A., MARR, J., PIRMEZ, C., O'BYRNE, C., AND PARKER, G., 2006, Experiments on self-channelized subaqueous fans emplaced by turbidity currents and dilute mudfiows: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 76, p. 889-902, doi: 10.2110/ jsr.2006.069.