Prevalence and diversity of rotavirus strains in children with acute diarrhea from rural communities in the Limpopo Province, South Africa, from 1998 to 2000

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 202, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2010, Pages

  Potgieter, Natasha ^a   De Beer, Mariet C ^b   Taylor, Maureen B ^c,d   Steele, A Duncan ^b,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VENDA   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIMPOPO   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^d NATIONAL HEALTH LABORATORY SERVICE   (South Africa)

^e PATH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN VP6;

ACUTE DIARRHEA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE; HEALTH CENTER; HUMAN; IMMUNOADSORBENT; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; ROTAVIRUS; RURAL AREA; SOUTH AFRICA; TIME; VIRUS STRAIN;

ANTIGENS, VIRAL; CAPSID PROTEINS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIARRHEA; GENETIC VARIATION; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; ROTAVIRUS; ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS; RURAL POPULATION; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 77955706934     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/653561     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant R.L. The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull WHO 2003; 81(3):197-204.
2. Parashar UD, Hummelman EG, Bresee JS, Miller MA, Glass R.I. Global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease in children. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9:565-572.
3. Parashar UD, Bresee JS, Glass R.I. The global burden of diarrhoeal disease in children. Bull WHO 2003; 81(4):236.
4. Steele AD, Ivanhoff B. Rotavirus strains circulating across Africa during 1996- 1999: emergence of G9 strains and P[6] strains. Vaccine 2003; 21:361-367.
5. Steele AD, Peenze I, De Beer MC et al Anticipating rotavirus vaccines: epidemiology and surveillance of rotavirus in South Africa. Vaccine 2003; 21:354-360.
6. Molbak K, Fischer TK, Mikkelsen C.S. The estimation of mortality due to rotavirus infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Vaccine 2000; 19:393-395.
7. Estes MK, Kapkian A.Z. Rotaviruses. In: Knipe DM, HowleyPMGriffen DE et al, eds. Fields virology. Vol 2. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007:1917-1974.
8. Gentsch JR, Laird AR, Bielfelt B et al Serotype diversity and reassortment between human and animal rotavirus strains: implications for rotavirus vaccine programs. J Infect Dis 2005; 192(Suppl 1): S146-S159.
9. Santos N, Hoshino Y. Global distribution of rotavirus serotypes/genotypes and its implication for the development and implementation of an effective rotavirus vaccine. Rev Med Virol 2005; 15(1):29-56.
10. Gault E, Chikhi-Brachet R, Delon S et al Distribution of human rotavirus G types circulating in Paris, France, during 1997-1998 epidemic: high prevalence of type G4. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 2373-2375.
11. Steele AD, Van Niekerk MC, Mphahlele M.J. Geographic distribution of human rotavirus VP4 genotypes and VP7 serotypes in five South African regions. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:1516-1519.
12. Nakagomi O, Nakagomi T, Hoshino Y, Flores J, Kapikain A.Z. Genetic analysis of a human rotavirus that belongs to subgroup I but has an RNA pattern typical for subgrouping monoclonal antibodies. Tohoku J Exp Med 1987; 144:105-106.
13. Santos N, Riepenhoff-Talty M, Clark HF, Offit P, Gouvea V. VP4 genotyping of human rotavirus in the United States. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32:205-208.
14. Leite JPG, Alfieri AA, Woods PA, Glass RI, Gentsch J.R. Rotavirus G and P types circulating in Brazil: characterization by RT-PCR, probe hybridisation, and sequence analysis. Arch Virol 1996; 141:2365-2374.
15. Adhikury AK, Zhou Y, Kakizawa J et al Distribution of rotavirus VP4 genotype and VP 7 serotype among Chinese children. Acta Paediatr Japon 1998; 40:641-643.
16. Cubitt WD, Steele AD, Iturriza M. Characterization of rotaviruses from children treated at a London Hospital during 1996: emergence of strain G9P2A[6] and G3P2A[6]. J Med Virol 2000; 61:150-154.
17. Fang ZY, Yang H, Qi J et al Diversity of rotavirus strains among children with acute diarrhea in China: 1998- 2000 surveillance study. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:1875-1878.
18. Page NA, Steele A.D. Antigenic and genetic characterization of serotype G2 human rotavirus strains from the African continent. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42(2):595-600.
19. Cook N, Bridger J, Kendall K, Iturriza Gomora M, El-Attar L, Gray J. The zoonotic potential of rotavirus. J Infect 2004; 48:289-302.
20. Steele AD, Alexander J.J. Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in black infants in South Africa. J Clin Microbiol 1987; 25:2384-2387.
21. Steele AD, Alexander J.J. The relative frequency of subgroup I and II rotaviruses in black infants in South Africa. J Med Virol 1988; 24: 321-327.
22. Haffejee IE, Moosa A. Rotavirus studies in Indian (Asian) South African infants with acute gastro-enteritis. I. Microbiological and epidemiological aspects. Ann Trop Paediatr 1990; 10:165-172.
23. Griffiths FH, Steele AD, Alexander J.J. The molecular epidemiology of rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis in the Transkei, Southern Africa. Ann Trop Paediat 1992; 12:259-264.
24. Mnisi YN, Williams MM, Steele A.D. Subgroup and serotype epidemiology of human rotaviruses recovered at Ga-Rankuwa, southern Africa. Centr Afr J Med 1992; 36:221-225.
25. Steele AD, Van Niekerk MC, Geyer A, Bos P, Alexander J.J. Further characterisation of human rotaviruses isolated from asymptomatically infected neonates in South Africa. J Med Virol 1992; 38:22-26.
26. Ramsaroop U. Molecular characterization of rotaviruses from Kwa- Zulu Natal and Mpumalanga [dissertation]. Johannesburg, South Africa; University of the Witwatersrand, 2000.
27. Statistics South Africa. Measuring rural development: baseline statistics for the integrated sustainable rural development strategy. Pretoria, South Africa: Pretoria State Printer, 2002.
28. Statistics South Africa. Provincial profile 1999: Limpopo. Pretoria, South Africa: Pretoria State Printer, 2003.
29. Statistics South Africa. Causes of death in South Africa 1997-2001: advance release of recorded causes of death. Pretoria, South Africa: Pretoria State Printer, 2002.
30. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Safe water systems for the developing world: a handbook for implementing household based water treatment and safe storage projects. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002.
31. Hoshino Y, Kapikian A.Z. Rotavirus serotypes: classification and importance in epidemiology, immunity, and vaccine development. J Health Popul Nutr 2000; 18(1):5-14.
32. Bresee JS, Glass RI, Ivanoff BN, Gentsch J.R. Current status and future priorities for rotavirus vaccine development, evaluation and implementation in developing countries. Vaccine 1999; 17:2207-2222.
33. Theil KW, McCloskey CM, Saif LJ et al Rapid, simple method of preparing rotaviral double stranded ribonucleic acid for analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 1981; 14:273-280.
34. Herring AJ, Inglis NF, Ojeh CK, Snodgrass DR, Menzies J.D. Rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection by direct detection of viral nucleic acid in silver stained polyacrylamide gels. J Clin Microbiol 1982; 16:473-477.
35. Greenberg HB, Valdesuso J, Van Wyk K et al Production and preliminary characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed at two surface proteins of rhesus rotavirus. J Virol 1983; 47:267-275.
36. Gentsch JR, Glass RI,Woods P et al Identification of group A rotavirus gene 4 types by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30: 1365-1373.
37. Gouvea V, Glass RI, Woods P et al Polymerase chain reaction amplification and typing of rotavirus nucleic acid from stool specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28:276-282.
38. Das S, Sen A, Uma G et al Genomic diversity of Group A rotavirus strains infecting humans in eastern India. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 146-149.
39. Adah MI, Rohwedder A, Olaleyle OD, Werchau H. Nigerian rotavirus serotype G8 could not be typed by PCR due to nucleotide mutation at the 3' end of the primer binding site. Arch Virol 1997; 142(9): 1881-1887.
40. Iturriza-Gómara M, Green J, Brown DW, Desselberger U, Gray J.J. Diversity within the VP4 gene of rotavirus P[8] strains: implications for reverse transcription-PCR genotyping. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38(2): 898-901.
41. Bos P, Kirsten M, Cronje RE, Steele A.D. Monitoring of rotavirus infection in a paediatric hospital by RNA electrophoresis. S Afr Med J 1995; 85(9):887-891.
42. Wolfaardt M, Taylor MB, Booysen HF, Engelbrecht L, Grabow WOK, Jiang X. Incidence of human calicivirus and rotavirus infection in patients with gastroenteritis in South Africa. J Med Virol 1997; 51: 290-296.
43. Sebata T, Steele A.D. Atypical rotavirus infection identified from young children with diarrhoea in South Africa. J Health Popul Nutr 2001; 19:199-203.
44. Sam NE, Haukenes G, Szilvay AM, Mhalu F. Rotavirus infection in Tanzania: a virological, epidemiological and clinical study among young children. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand 1992; 100:790-796.
45. Gatheru Z, Kobayashi N, Adachi N et al Characterization of human rotavirus strains causing gastroenteritis in Kenya. Epidemiol Infect 1993; 110:419-423.
46. Nakata S, Gatheru Z, Ukea S et al Epidemiological study of the G serotype: distribution of group A rotaviruses in Kenya from 1991- 1994. J Med Virol 1999; 58:296-303.
47. Radwan SF, Gabr MK, El-Maraghi S, El-Saifi A.B. Serotyping of group A rotaviruses in Egyptian neonates and infants less than 1 year old with acute diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35:2996-2998.
48. Cunliffe NA, Gondwe JS, Broadhead RL et al Rotavirus G and P types in children with acute diarrhea in Blantyre, Malawi, from 1997 to 1998: predominance of novel P[6]G8 strains. J Med Virol 1999; 57:308-312.
49. Audu R, Omilabu SA, De Beer M, Peenze I, Steele A.D. Diversity of human rotavirus VP6, VP7 and VP4 in Lagos State, Nigeria. J Health Popul Nutr 2002; 20:59-64.
50. Trabelsi A, Peenze I, Pager C, Jeddi M, Steele A.D. Distribution of rotavirus VP7 serotypes and VP4 genotypes circulating in Sousse, Tunisia, from 1995 to 1999: emergence of natural human reassortants. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:3415-3419.
51. Fischer TK, Valentiner-Branth V, Steinsland H et al Protective immunity after natural rotavirus infection: a community cohort study of new-born children in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. J Infect Dis 2002; 186:593-597.
52. Tswana SA, Jorgensen PH, Halliwell RW, Kapaata R, Moyo S.R. The incidence of rotavirus infection in children from two selected study areas in Zimbabwe. Centr Afr J Med 1990; 36:241-246.
53. Asmah RH, Green J, Armah GE et al Rotavirus G and P genotypes in rural Ghana. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:1981-1984.
54. Armah GE, Steele AD, Binka FN et al Changing patterns of rotavirus genotypes in Ghana: emergence of human rotavirus G9 as a major cause of diarrhoea in children. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:2317-2322.
55. Sibton M, Lecerf A, Garin Y, Ivanoff B. Rotavirus prevalence and relationships with climatological factors in Gabon, Africa. J Med Virol 1985; 16:177-182.
56. Iturriza-Gomara MI, Kang G, Mammen A et al Characterization of G10P[11] rotaviruses causing acute gastroenteritis in neonates and infants in Vellore, India. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:2541-2547.
57. Nielsen NM, Eugen-Olsen J, Aaby P, Molbak K, Rodrigues A, Fischer T.K. Characterisation of rotavirus strains among hospitalised and nonhospitalised children in Guinnea-Bissau, 2002: a high frequency of mixed infections with serotype G8. J Clin Virol 2005; 34:13-21.
58. Hum CP, Dyall-Smith MC, Holmes I.H. The VP7 gene of a new G serotype of human rotavirus (B37) is similar to G3 proteins in the antigenic C region. Virology 1989; 170:55-61.
59. Ohshima A, Takagi T, Nakagomi T, Matsuno S, Nakagomi O. Molecular characterization by RNA-RNA hybridization of a serotype 8 human rotavirus with super short RNA electrophoresis. J Med Virol 1990; 30: 107-112.
60. Holmes JC, Kirkwood CD, Gena S et al Characterization of unusual G8 rotavirus strains isolated from Egyptian children. Arch Virol 1999; 144:1381-1396.
61. Fischer TK, Steinsland H, Molbak K et al Genotype profiles of rotavirus strains from children in a sub-urban community of Guinea- Bissau, Western Africa. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:264-267.
62. Steele AD, Parker SP, Peenze I, Pager CT, Taylor MB, Cubitt W.D. Comparative studies of human rotavirus serotype G8 strains recovered in South Africa and the United Kingdom. J Gen Virol 1999; 80: 3029-3034.
63. Mattion NM, Bellinzoni RC, Blackhall O, La Torre JL, Scodeller E.A. Antigenic characterization of swine rotaviruses in Argentina. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27:795-798.
64. Nakagomi T, Oshima A, Akatina K, Ikegami N, Katsushima N, Nakagomi O. Isolation and molecular characterization of a serotype 9 human rotavirus strain. Microbiol Immunol 1990; 34:77-82.
65. Nakagomi O, Kaga E, Gerna G, Sarasini A, Nakagomi T. Subgroup I serotype 3 human rotavirus strains with long RNA pattern as a result of naturally occurring reassortment between members of bovine and AU-1 genogroups. Arch Virol 1992; 126:337-342.
66. Steele AD, Reynecke E, De Beer M, Bos P, Smuts I. Characterization of rotavirus infection in a hospital neonatal unit in Pretoria, South Africa. J Trop Paediatr 2002; 48:167-171.
67. Arajou IT, Ferreira MSR, Fialho AM et al Rotavirus genotypes P[4]G9, P[6]G9 and P[8]G9 in hospitalised children with acute gastroenteritis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:1999-2001.
68. Santos N, Volotao EM, Soares CC et al VP7 gene polymorphism of serotype G9 rotavirus strains and its impact on G genotype determination by PC.R. Virus Res 2003; 93:127-138.
69. Kapikian AZ, Flores J, Midthin K et al Strategies for the development of a rotavirus vaccine against infantile diarrhoea with an update on clinical trials of rotavirus vaccines. Adv Exp Med Biol 1989; 257:67-90.
70. Taniguchi K, Urasawa T, Kobayashi N, Gorziglia M, Urasawa S. Nucleotide sequence of VP7 and VP4 genes of human rotaviruses with subgroup I specificity and long RNA patterns: implication for a new G serotype specificity. J Virol 1990; 64:5640-5644.
71. Glass RI, Bresee JS, Parashar UD, Jiang B, Gentsch J. The future of rotavirus vaccines: a major setback leads to new opportunities. Lancet 2004; 363:1547-1550.
72. Matthijnssens J, Ciarlet M, Heiman E et al Full genome-based classification of rotaviruses reveals a common origin between human Wa- Like and porcine rotavirus strains and human DS-1-like and bovine rotavirus strains. J Virol 2008; 82:3204-3219.
73. Rahman M, De Leener K, Goegebuer T et al Genetic characterization of a novel, naturally occurring recombinant human G6P[6] rotavirus. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41(5):2088-2095.