메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 73-101

Trading Away Human Rights? The GATS and the Right to Education: A Legal Perspective

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 77955590714     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203891858     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (6)

References (61)
  • 1
    • 0039586853 scopus 로고
    • Organization of African Unity Doc. CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5. Reprinted in International Legal Material 21: 58
    • African Union. 1981. African charter on human and peoples’ rights. Organization of African Unity Doc. CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5. Reprinted in International Legal Material 21: 58. http://www.africa-union.org/official_documents/Treaties_%20Conventions_%20Protocols/Banjul%20Charter.pdf.
    • (1981) African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights
  • 2
    • 84921378034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resisting the merger and acquisition of human rights by trade law: A reply to petersmann
    • Alston, P. 2002. Resisting the merger and acquisition of human rights by trade law: A reply to Petersmann. European Journal of International Law 14: 30.
    • (2002) European Journal of International Law , vol.14 , pp. 30
    • Alston, P.1
  • 4
    • 0347837886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International free trade agreements and human rights: Reinterpreting article xx of the gatt
    • Ball, S. 2000. International free trade agreements and human rights: Reinterpreting Article XX of the GATT. Minnesota Journal of Global Trade 10: 62.
    • (2000) Minnesota Journal of Global Trade , vol.10 , pp. 62
    • Ball, S.1
  • 5
    • 84921388106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human rights strategies for investigation and “shaming,” resisting globalization rhetoric, and education
    • D. Barh- nizer, Aldershot: Ashgate
    • Barnhizer, D. 2001. Human rights strategies for investigation and “shaming,” resisting globalization rhetoric, and education. In Effective strategies for protecting human rights: Prevention and intervention, trade and education, ed. D. Barh- nizer, 75. Aldershot: Ashgate.
    • (2001) Effective Strategies for Protecting Human Rights: Prevention and Intervention, Trade and Education , pp. 75
    • Barnhizer, D.1
  • 12
    • 0037586030 scopus 로고
    • 14. New York: United Nations Human Rights Center, United Nations Publications
    • Eide, A. 1989. Right to adequate food as a human right. United Nations Human Rights Study Series 1; 14. New York: United Nations Human Rights Center, United Nations Publications.
    • (1989) Right to Adequate Food as a Human Right
    • Eide, A.1
  • 13
    • 84921393744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the club model
    • Efficiency, equity and legitimacy, R. B. Porter Sauve, A. Subramarian, and A. B. Zampetti. Washington DC: Harvard University Center for Business and Government, Brookings Institution Press
    • Esty, D. C. 2001. Beyond the club model. In Efficiency, equity and legitimacy: The multilateral trading system at the millennium, ed. R. B. Porter, P. Sauve, A. Subramarian, and A. B. Zampetti. Washington DC: Harvard University Center for Business and Government, Brookings Institution Press. http://www.gets.org/gets/library/listcontent.
    • (2001) The Multilateral Trading System at the Millennium
    • Esty, D.C.1
  • 15
    • 84921393743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade in services, in
    • Europa
    • European Union Commission. 2004. Trade in services, in Trade Issues, Europa. http://www.europe.eu.int/comm/trade/issues/sectoral/services/index_en.htm.
    • (2004) Trade Issues
  • 16
    • 84921393742 scopus 로고
    • Declaration of the european parliament of fundamental rights and freedoms. Doc. a2-3/89
    • No C 120/51., May 16
    • European Union, European Parliament. 1989. Declaration of the European Parliament of fundamental rights and freedoms. Doc. A2-3/89. Official Journal of the European Communities No C 120/51. May 16. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/omk/omnsapir.so/pv2?PRG=CALDOC&FILE=001025&LANGUE=EN&TPV=PROV&LASTCHAP=12&SDOCTA=7&TXTLST=1&Type_Doc=FIRST&POS=1.
    • (1989) Official Journal of the European Communities
  • 19
    • 84921393740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint Declaration
    • GATSwatch. 2003. Get education out of the GATS. Joint Declaration. http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/informes/1169.html.
    • (2003) Get Education out of the GATS
  • 22
    • 84921393739 scopus 로고
    • Letter to james madison, december 20. In the complete jefferson (1943)
    • Cited by Louis B. Sohn, The World Bank and the right to education, S. Schlemmer-Schulte and T. Ko-Yung, 740. Kluwer: Leiden
    • Jefferson, T. 1787. Letter to James Madison, December 20. In The Complete Jefferson (1943): 120-23. Cited by Louis B. Sohn, The World Bank and the right to education, in Liber Amicorum Ibrahim F.I. Shihata, ed. S. Schlemmer-Schulte and T. Ko-Yung, 740. Kluwer: Leiden.
    • (1787) Liber Amicorum Ibrahim F.I. Shihata , pp. 120-123
    • Jefferson, T.1
  • 23
    • 84921393738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gats: Six reasons to fear the precise threats on education
    • October 12
    • Jennar, R. 2000. GATS: Six reasons to fear the precise threats on education. L’Humanite, October 12.
    • (2000) L’Humanite
    • Jennar, R.1
  • 26
    • 84974074527 scopus 로고
    • The law of gatt as a special field of international law
    • The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press
    • Kuyper, P. J. 1994. The law of GATT as a special field of international law. Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 25: 227. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press.
    • (1994) Netherlands Yearbook of International Law , vol.25 , pp. 227
    • Kuyper, P.J.1
  • 28
    • 1842665973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can trade in international education work?
    • March
    • Larsen, K., and S., Vincent-Lancrin. 2003. Can trade in international education work? OECD Observer, March. www.oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/872/The_learning_business.html.
    • (2003) OECD Observer
    • Larsen, K.1    Vincent-Lancrin, S.2
  • 29
    • 84921393735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 21st century debate on education for all
    • United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization
    • Matsuura K. 2002. 21st century debate on education for all. In Education for all: The unfulfilled promise, ed. United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization. http//:weekly.ahram.org.eg/2002/605/op11.htm.
    • (2002) Education for All: The Unfulfilled Promise
    • Matsuura, K.1
  • 31
    • 84921393733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quick guide to the state of play in the gats negotiations
    • American Council on Education
    • Nielson, J. 2004. A quick guide to the state of play in the GATS negotiations. In U.S. update on GATS: January 2004, ed. American Council on Education.http://www.acenet.edu/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Intl&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=22812.
    • (2004) U.S. Update on GATS: January 2004
    • Nielson, J.1
  • 32
    • 70350208451 scopus 로고
    • The right to education: Its meaning, significance and limitations
    • The Hague: Kluwer Law International
    • Nowak, M. 1991. The right to education: Its meaning, significance and limitations. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 4: 418. The Hague: Kluwer Law International.
    • (1991) Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights , vol.4 , pp. 418
    • Nowak, M.1
  • 33
    • 84921393732 scopus 로고
    • O.A.S. Treaty Series No 69. Washington, DC: Organization of American States
    • Organization of American States. 1988. American Convention of Human Rights, First Protocol. O.A.S. Treaty Series No 69. Washington, DC: Organization of American States. http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/oasinstr/zoas10pe.htm
    • (1988) American Convention of Human Rights, First Protocol
  • 35
    • 23044521343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From “negative” to positive integration in the wto: Time for mainstreaming human rights into wto law?
    • Petersmann, E. U. 2000a. From “negative” to positive integration in the WTO: Time for mainstreaming human rights into WTO law? Common Market Law Review 33: 1363.
    • (2000) Common Market Law Review , vol.33 , pp. 1363
    • Petersmann, E.U.1
  • 37
    • 80755157386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutionalism, international law and “we the peoples of the united nations.”
    • H.-J. Cremer, Springer, Berlin
    • Petersmann, E. U. 2002a. Constitutionalism, international law and “we the peoples of the United Nations.” In Tradition and Weltoffenheit des Rechts: Festschrift fur Helmut Stein- berger, ed. H.-J. Cremer, 291. Springer, Berlin.
    • (2002) Tradition and Weltoffenheit Des Rechts: Festschrift Fur Helmut Stein- Berger , pp. 291
    • Petersmann, E.U.1
  • 38
    • 84937375829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time for a united nations “global compact” for integrating human rights into the law of worldwide organizations: Lessons from european integration
    • Petersmann, E. U. 2002b. Time for a United Nations “global compact” for integrating human rights into the law of worldwide organizations: Lessons from European integration. European Journal of International Law 13: 621.
    • (2002) European Journal of International Law , vol.13 , pp. 621
    • Petersmann, E.U.1
  • 39
    • 0040353899 scopus 로고
    • The implementation system: International measures
    • Louis Henkin, New York: Columbia University press
    • Robertson, A. H. 1981. The implementation system: International measures. In The International Bill of Rights, ed. Louis Henkin, 350. New York: Columbia University press.
    • (1981) The International Bill of Rights , pp. 350
    • Robertson, A.H.1
  • 40
    • 0040089946 scopus 로고
    • Self-contained regimes
    • The Hague: T.M.C Asser Press
    • Simma, B. 1985. Self-contained regimes. Netherlands yearbook of international law 16, 111. The Hague: T.M.C Asser Press.
    • (1985) Netherlands Yearbook of International Law , vol.16 , pp. 111
    • Simma, B.1
  • 42
    • 84921358418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancun’s charming outcome
    • 14. London. September 20
    • The Economist. 2003. Cancun’s charming outcome. The Economist, 368 (8342): 14. London. September 20.
    • (2003) The Economist , vol.368 , Issue.8342
  • 43
    • 0042261769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The domain of wto dispute resolution
    • Harvard Law School, Cambridge: Publications Center
    • Trachman, J. P. 1999. The domain of WTO dispute resolution. Harvard International Law Journal, 40: 336. Harvard Law School, Cambridge: Publications Center.
    • (1999) Harvard International Law Journal , vol.40 , pp. 336
    • Trachman, J.P.1
  • 44
    • 84921414136 scopus 로고
    • United Nations Document E/C.12/1991/23
    • United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. 1990. General Comment N°3 on the nature of the obligations of the parties. United Nations Document E/C.12/1991/23, p. 9. http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0Z4ceb75c5492497d9802566d500516036?Opendocument.
    • (1990) General Comment N°3 on the Nature of the Obligations of the Parties , pp. 9
  • 45
    • 84921381881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • th Session, United Nations Document E/C.12/1999/4
    • th Session. 1999. General Comment N°11 on the plans of action for primary education, United Nations Document E/C.12/1999/4, p. 2. http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/E.C.12.1999.4.En?OpenDocument.
    • (1999) General Comment N°11 on the Plans of Action for Primary Education , pp. 2
  • 47
    • 84921393730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-commission on the promotion and protection of human rights, 54th session
    • Report of the High Commissioner on human rights, United Nations Document E/CN.4/ Sub.2/2002/9, 2002: 59. June 25
    • United Nations Commission for Human Rights, Sub-Commission on the Promotion and protection of Human Rights, 54th Session. 2002. Economic, social and cultural rights, liberalization of trade in services and human rights. Report of the High Commissioner on human rights, United Nations Document E/CN.4/ Sub.2/2002/9, 2002: 59. June 25. http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/E.CN.4.Sub.2.2002.9.En?Opendocument.
    • (2002) Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Liberalization of Trade in Services and Human Rights
  • 48
    • 54049085933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Document CRC/GC/2001/1
    • United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. 2001. General Comment N°1 on the Aims of Education, United Nations Document CRC/GC/2001/1. http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/CRC.GC.2001.1.En?OpenDocument.
    • (2001) General Comment N°1 on the Aims of Education
  • 49
    • 0004807669 scopus 로고
    • International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights, general assembly resolution 1514
    • United Nations Document A/6316. Reprinted, 1999. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications
    • United Nations General Assembly. 1966. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Assembly Resolution 1514, United Nations Document A/6316. Reprinted in International Legal Material 6: 360. 1999. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications.
    • (1966) International Legal Material , vol.6 , pp. 360
  • 50
    • 84921393729 scopus 로고
    • United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Sept. 3
    • United Nations General Assembly. 1981. General Assembly Resolution 34/180. United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Sept. 3. http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw.
    • (1981) General Assembly Resolution 34/180
  • 51
    • 84921393728 scopus 로고
    • General assembly resolution 2106 a (xx)
    • United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Form of Racial Discrimination. New York: United Nations Publications
    • United Nations General Assembly. 1984. General assembly resolution 2106 A (XX). United Nations Treaty Series 85: 1465. United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Form of Racial Discrimination. New York: United Nations Publications.
    • (1984) United Nations Treaty Series , vol.85 , Issue.1465
  • 52
    • 84921393727 scopus 로고
    • Annex, United Nations Document A/44/25/49, 1989. revised in United Nations Document A/Res./44/25/Corr.1, 1990. Reprinted in, International legal material 28: 1457. 1989. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications
    • United Nations General Assembly. 1989. Convention on the Rights of the Child. General Assembly Resolution 44/25, Annex, United Nations Document A/44/25/49, 1989. revised in United Nations Document A/Res./44/25/Corr.1, 1990. Reprinted in International legal material 28: 1457. 1989. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications.
    • (1989) Convention on the Rights of the Child. General Assembly Resolution 44/25
  • 55
    • 0003667178 scopus 로고
    • Reprinted 1999, in, International Legal Material, 33: 1125. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications
    • World Trade Organization. 1994. General agreement on trade in services. Reprinted 1999, in International Legal Material, 33: 1125. Washington: American Society of International Law Publications.
    • (1994) General Agreement on Trade in Services
  • 59
    • 0006539027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WTO, S/C/W/49, September 23
    • World Trade Organization Secretariat Council for Trade in Services. 1998. Education services, background note by the secretariat, WTO, S/C/W/49, p. 3. September 23. http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/w49.doc.
    • (1998) Education Services, Background Note by the Secretariat , pp. 3
  • 60
    • 0041397499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Trade Organization Secretariat Council for Trade in Services. 1999. The GATS: Objectives, coverage and disciplines. http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/gatsqa_e.htm.
    • (1999) The GATS: Objectives, Coverage and Disciplines


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.