The Viareggio LPG railway accident: Event reconstruction and modeling

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Volumn 182, Issue 1-3, 2010, Pages 346-357

  Brambilla, Sara ^a   Manca, Davide ^a  

^a POLITECNICO DI MILANO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Accident investigation; Accident modeling; Dense gas dispersion; LPG release; Pool fire

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION; DENSE-GAS DISPERSION; EVENT RECONSTRUCTION; GAS CLOUDS; GAS DISPERSION; INTERNAL EXPLOSION; MITIGATION MEASURES; MODELING FRAMEWORKS; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENTS; RAILWAY STATIONS; SEQUENCE OF EVENTS;

DISPERSIONS; RAILROADS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

RAILROAD ACCIDENTS;

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS;

DISPERSION; EXPLOSION; FIRE; GAS FLOW; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; NUMERICAL MODEL; RAILWAY TRANSPORT; RANDOM WAVE; RECONSTRUCTION;

ARTICLE; ITALY; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RAILWAY; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT;

ACCIDENTS; DISASTER PLANNING; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PROBABILITY; TRANSPORTATION;

EID: 77955584666     PISSN: 03043894     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.039     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Dellacasa E. Corriere della Sera (Italian Newspaper) 2009, (1-July):3.
2. Liao S.Y., Jiang D.M., Cheng Q., Gao J., Huang Z.H., Hu Y. Correlations for laminar burning velocities of liquefied petroleum gas-air mixtures. Energy Conv. Manage. 2005, 46:3175-3184.
3. Friedrich A., Grune J., Jordan T., Kotchourko A., Kotchourko N., Kuznetsov M., Sempert K., Stern G. Experimental Study of Hydrogen-Air Deflagrations in Flat Layer, ICHS International Conference on Hydrogen Safety 2007.
4. Huzayyin A.S., Moneib H.A., Shehatta M.S., Attia A.M.A. Laminar burning velocity and explosion index of LPG-air and propane-air mixtures. Fuel 2008, 87:39-57.
5. Tang C., Zheng J., Huang Z., Wang J. Study on nitrogen diluted propane-air premixed flames at elevated pressures and temperatures. Energy Conv. Manage. 2010, 51:288-295.
6. C.J.H. van der Bosch, N.J. Duijm, Outflow and spray release, in: C.J.H. van der Bosch, R.A.M.P. Weterings (Eds.), Methods for the Calculation of Physical Effects due to Releases of Hazardous Materials (Liquid and Gases), Netherlands, 2005.
7. Melhem G.A. Advanced Consequence Analysis: Fluid Flow, Emergency Relief Systems Design, Thermal Hazards Assessment, Emission, Dispersion, Fire, and Explosion Dynamics 2006, ioMosaic Corporation.
8. P.J. Rew, W.G. Hulbert, Development of a Pool Fire Thermal Radiation Model, HSE Contract Research Report n. 96/1996, 1996.
9. Bubbico R., Marchini M. Assessment of an explosive LPG release accident: a case study. J. Hazard. Mater. 2008, 155:558-565.
10. Birk A.M., Poirier D., Davison C. On the response of 500 gal propane tanks to a 25% engulfing fire. J. Loss Prev. Proc. Ind. 2006, 19:527-541.
11. Manu C.C., Birk A.M., Kim I.Y. Stress rupture predictions of pressure vessels exposed to fully engulfing and local impingement accidental fire heat loads. Eng. Fail. Anal. 2009, 16:1141-1152.
12. Hanna S.R., Drivas P.J. Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models 1987, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York.
13. Brambilla S., Manca D. Accidents involving liquids: a step ahead in modeling pool spreading, evaporation and burning. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 161:1265-1280.
14. W.F.J.M. Engelhard, Heat flux from fires, in: C.J.H. van der Bosch, R.A.M.P. Weterings (Eds.), Methods for the Calculation of Physical Effects due to Releases of Hazardous Materials (Liquids and Gases) Netherlands, 2005.
15. P.K. Raj, Spectrum of Fires in an LNG Facility. Assessments, Models and Consideration in Risk Evaluations-Final Technical Report, submitted to the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Contract Number: DTRS56-04-T-0005, 2006.
16. Raj P.K. Large hydrocarbon fuel pool fires: physical characteristics and thermal emission variation with height. J. Hazard. Mater. 2007, 140:280-292.
17. Raj P.K. LNG fires: a review of experimental results, models and hazard prediction challenges. J. Hazard. Mater. 2007, 140:444-464.
18. Rosmuller N. Instantaneous liquid release from a rail tanker: the influence of noise shields on pool shape and pool size. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 164:695-699.
19. TNO, Methods for the Determination of Possible Damage to People and Objects Resulting from Releases of Hazardous Materials, Green Book, CPR 16E, Netherlands, 1989.
20. Lees F.P. Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2004, Elsevier, Oxford. Third Edition.
21. Lv Y.G., Liu J., Zhang J. Theoretical evaluation of burns to the human respiratory tract due to inhalation of hot gas in the early stage of fires. Burns 2006, 32:436-446.
22. Venetsanos A.G., Bartzis J.G., Würtz J., Papailiou D.D. DISPLAY-2: a two-dimensional shallow layer model for dense gas dispersion including complex features. J. Hazard. Mater. 2003, A99:111-144.
23. Hankin R.K.S., Britter R.E. TWODEE: the health and safety laboratory's shallow layer model for heavy gas dispersion. Part 1. Mathematical basis and physical assumptions. J. Hazard. Mater. 1999, A66:211-226.
24. Davies M.E., Singh S. The phase II trials: a data set on the effects of obstructions. J. Hazard. Mater. 1985, 11:301-323.
25. W.P.M. Mercx, N.J. Duijm, Vapor cloud explosion, in: C.J.H. van der Bosch, R.A.M.P. Weterings (Eds.), Methods for the Calculation of Physical Effects due to Releases of Hazardous Materials (Liquid and Gases), Netherlands, 2005.