Numerical investigations on the formation of tropical storm debby during NAMMA-06

Weather and Forecasting

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 866-884

  Chiao, Sen ^a   Jenkins, Gregory S ^b  

^a FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b HOWARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Convective storms; Cyclogenesis cyclolysis; Forecasting; Mesoscale models; Tropical cyclones

Indexed keywords

850-HPA; CONVECTIVE STORMS; CYCLONIC CIRCULATION; GRID-SPACINGS; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; MESOSCALE MODEL; MOIST AIR; NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS; SATELLITE IMAGES; SENSITIVITY TESTS; TROPICAL CYCLONE; TROPICAL DISTURBANCES; TROPICAL STORMS; VORTEX FORMATION; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODELS;

BOUNDARY LAYERS; HURRICANES; RAIN; TROPICS; WEATHER FORECASTING;

STORMS;

ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; CYCLOGENESIS; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGY; NUMERICAL MODEL; TROPICAL CYCLONE; WEATHER FORECASTING;

GUINEA;

EID: 77955583323     PISSN: 08828156     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010WAF2222313.1     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Avila, L., and R. J. Pasch, 1992: Atlantic tropical systems of 1991. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2688-2696.
2. Berry, G. J., and C. Thorncroft, 2005: Case study of an intense African easterly wave. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 752-766.
3. Carlson, T. N., and J. M. Prospero, 1972: The large-scale movement of Saharan air outbreaks over the northern equatorial Atlantic. J. Appl. Meteor., 11, 283-297.
4. DeMaria, M., M. Mainelli, L. Shay, J. Knaff, and J. Kaplan, 2005: Further improvements to the Statistical Hurricane Prediction Scheme (SHIPS). Wea. Forecasting, 20, 531-543.
5. DeMott, P. J., K. Sassen, M. R. Poellot, D. Baumgardner, D. C. Rogers, S.D. Brooks, A. J. Prenni, and S. M. Kreidenweis, 2003: African dust aerosols as atmospheric ice nuclei. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1732, doi:10.1029/2003GL017410.
6. Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
7. Dunion, J. P., and C. S. Velden, 2004: The impact of the Saharan air layer on Atlantic tropical cyclone activity. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 90, 353-365.
8. Franklin, J. L., and D. P. Brown, 2008: Atlantic hurricane season of 2006. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 1174-1200.
9. Hong, S. Y., and J. Dudhia, 2003: Testing of a new nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion scheme in numerical weather prediction applications. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/16th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, Seattle, WA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 17.3. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/72744.pdf.]
10. Hopsch, S., C. D. Thorncroft, K. Hodges, and A. Aiyyer, 2007: West African storm tracks and their relationship to Atlantic tropical cyclones. J. Climate, 20, 2468-2483.
11. Jenkins, G. S., and A. Pratt, 2008: Saharan dust, lightning and tropical cyclones in the eastern tropical Atlantic during NAMMA-06. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L12804, doi:10.1029/2008GL033979.
12. Jenkins, G. S., and A. Pratt, and A. Heymsfield, 2008: Possible linkages between Saharan dust and tropical cyclone rain band invigoration in the eastern Atlantic during NAMMA-06. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L08815, doi:10.1029/2008GL034072.
13. Khain, A. P., D. Rosenfeld, and A. Pokrovsky, 2005: Aerosol impact on the dynamics and microphysics of convective clouds. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 2639-2663.
14. Koren, I., Y. J. Kaufman, D. Rosenfeld, L. A. Remer, and Y. Rudich, 2005: Aerosol invigoration and restructuring of Atlantic convective clouds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14828, doi:10.1029/2005GL023187.
15. Michalakes, J., J. Dudhia, D. Gill, T. Henderson, J. Klemp, W. Skamarock, and W. Wang, 2005: The Weather Research and Forecasting model: Software architecture and performance. Proceedings of the Eleventh ECMWF Workshop on the Use of High Performance Computing in Meteorology, W. Zwiefhofer and G. Mozdzynski, Eds., World Scientific, 156-168.
16. Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmosphere: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the long-wave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
17. Pasch, R. J., and L. Avila, 1994: Atlantic tropical systems of 1992. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 539-548.
18. Redelsperger, J. L., and Coauthors, 2006: African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis: An international research project and field campaign. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 1739-1746.
19. Sall, S. M., and H. Sauvageot, 2005: Cyclogenesis off the African coast: The case of Cindy in August 1999. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 2803-2813.
20. Thompson, G., R. M. Rasmussen, and K. Manning, 2004: Explicit forecasts of winter precipitation using an improved bulk microphysics scheme. Part I: Description and sensitivity analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 519-542.
21. Thorncroft, C. D., 1995: An idealized study of African easterly waves. Part III: More realistic basic states. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 121, 1589-1614.
22. Van den Heever, S. C., and Coauthors, 2006: Impacts of nucleating aerosol on Florida storms. Part I: Mesoscale simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1752-1775.
23. Zhang, H., G. M. McFarquhar, S. M. Saleeby, and W. R. Cotton, 2007: Impacts of Saharan dust as CCN on the evolution of an idealized tropical cyclone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L14812, doi:10.1029/2007GL029876.
24. Zipser, E. J., and C. Gautier, 1978: Mesoscale events with a GATE tropical depression. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 789-805.
25. Zipser, E. J., and Coauthors, 2009: The Saharan air layer and the fate of African easterly waves: The NAMMA field program. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 90, 1137-1156.