Design features for employment-supportive personal assistance services in Medicaid programs

Journal of Disability Policy Studies

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 90-100

  Ellison, Marsha Langer ^a   Glazier, Raymond E ^b   O'Connell, Elizabeth ^a   Norton, Giulia ^b   Himmelstein, Jay ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b ABT ASSOCIATES   (United States)

Author keywords

accommodations; disabilities; employment; Medicaid; personal assistance services

Indexed keywords

EID: 77955564700     PISSN: 10442073     EISSN: 15384802     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1044207310370682     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Anthony, W., Cohen, M., Farkas, M., & Gagne, C. (2002). Psychiatric rehabilitation. Boston, MA: Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation.
2. American With Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq. (1990).
3. Autor, D.H., & Duggan, M.G. (2006). The growth in the social security disability rolls: A fiscal crisis unfolding. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(3), 71-96.
4. Barcus, J.M., & Targett, P. (2003). Maximizing employee effectiveness through use of personal assistance services at the workplace. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 18(2), 99-106.
5. Barrett, K. (2004). Personal assistance services survey: Report of findings. Richmond, VA: Virginia Commonwealth University, Survey and Evaluation Research Laboratory.
6. Becker, D.R., & Drake, R.E. (2003). A working life for people with severe mental illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
7. Cash and Counseling National Program Office. (2007). Cash and Counseling. Retrieved October 24, 2008, from http://www.cashandcounseling.org/.
8. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2005). The state Medicaid manual. Available fromhttp://www.cms.hhs.gov/Manuals/PBM/list.asp?listpage=2.
9. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2006). Medicaid infrastructure grant: To support the competitive employment for people with disabilities. Baltimore, MD: Department of Health and Human Services.
10. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2008). Ticket to Work-Work Incentives Improvement Act (TWWIIA). Retrieved October 2, 2008, from http://www.cms.hhs.gov/TWWIIA/.
11. Center for Personal Assistance Services. (2008). Definition of workplace PAS. Retrieved October 2, 2008, from http://www.pascenter.org/workplace_pas/index.php.
12. Center for Workers With Disabilities. (2005). Completed Medicaid buy-in evaluations, 2004 and 2005. Washington, DC: Author.
13. Center for Workers With Disabilities. (2006). Providing personal assistance services through a Medicaid State Plan option. Washington, DC: Author.
14. Coble-Temple, A., Mona, L.R., & Bleecker, T. (2003). Accessing personal assistance services in the workplace: Struggles and successes. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 18(2), 113-123.
15. DeJong, G., Batavia, A.I., & McKnew, L.B. (1992, Winter). The independent living model of personal assistance in national long-term care policy. Aging and Disabilities, 89-95.
16. Erickson, W.A., & Lee, C.G. (2008). Disability statistics from the Current Population Survey (CPS). Available fromwww.disabilitystatistics.org.
17. Fenton, J., Batavia, A., & Roody, D.S. (1993). Proposed policy statement for National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) on constituency-oriented research and dissemination. Washington, DC: National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.
18. Glazier, R.E. (1999). Preference for consumer directed personal assistance services (Doctoral dissertation). Available fromUniversity Microfilms, Ann Arbor, MI. [UMI No. 9933827].
19. Glazier, R.E. (2005). Personal assistance services in the workplace. Disability Issues, 25(3), 4-7.
20. Gray, C., & Salley, S. (2004). MaineCare personal assistance services in the workplace. Portland: University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service.
21. Haas, P.J., & Springer, J.F. (1998). Applied policy research: concepts and cases. New York, NY: Garland.
22. Holt, J.M., Chambless, C.E., & Hammond, M. (2006). Employment personal assistance services (EPAS): A Medicaid work support. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 24(3), 165-175.
23. Inge, K.J., Revell, W.G., Jr., Brooke, V.A., & Wehman, P. (2006). Real work for real pay: Inclusive employment for people with disabilities. Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
24. Jensen, A. (2006). Resource guide to state Medicaid Infrastructure Grant (MIG) project's activities: Improving employment outcomes for persons with disabilities (State VR Systems Change Information Bulletins, No. 3). Washington, DC: Law, Health Policy, and Disability Center.
25. Job Accommodation Network. (2006). Personal assistance services (WPAS) in the workplace. Accommodation and Compliance Series. Retrieved May 22, 2008, from http://www.jan.wvu.edu/media/PAS.pdf.
26. Kansas Department of Social and Rehabilitative Services. (2008a). Kansas Medical Assistance Program provider manual: HCBS PD personal care services. Retrieved September 18, 2008, from https://www.kmap-state-ks.us/Documents/Content/Provider%20Manuals/HCBS%20PD%20PERSONAL%20SERV%208143.pdf.
27. Kansas Department of Social and Rehabilitative Services. (2008b). Kansas Medical Assistance Program provider manual: Work Opportunities Reward Kansans. Retrieved September 18, 2008, from https://www.kmap-state-ks.us/Documents/Content/Provider%20Manuals/WORK%2008012008%20898.pdf.
28. Kraft, M.E., & Furlong, S. (2007). Public policy: Politics, analysis, and alternatives. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
29. LeBlanc, A.J., Tonner, M.C., & Harrington, C. (2001). State Medicaid programs offering personal care services. Health Care Financing Review, 22(4), 155-173.
30. MacDonald-Wilson, K.L., Rogers, E.S., Ellison, M.L., & Lyass, A. (2003). A study of the Social Security Work Incentives and their relation to motivation to work among persons with serious mental illnesses. Rehabilitation Psychology, 48, 301-309.
31. National Consortium for Health Systems Development. (2008). The role of personal assistance services in the workforce delivery system: Policy and practice brief. Chicago, IL: Author.
32. Nebraska Health and Human Services. (2004). Finance and support manual. Retrieved September 18, 2008, from http://www.sos.state.ne.us/rules-and-regs/regsearch/Rules/Health_and_Human_Services_System/Title-471/Chapter-15.pdf.
33. Nosek, M., & Howland, C.A. (1993). Personal assistance services: The hub of the policy wheel for community integration of people with severe physical disabilities. Policy Studies Journal, 21, 789-800.
34. Orslene, L. (2005). Personal assistance services in the workplace: Making PAS work for your clients. Training and Technical Assistance for Providers (T-TAP) Training, Online Seminars. Retrieved September 29, 2008, from http://www.t-tap.org/training/onlineseminars/orslene/orslene.pdf.
35. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics and Demographics. (2009). Annual of disability statistics compendium: 2009. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Demographics and Statistics, Hunter College. Retrieved November 20, 2009 from http://www.disabilitycompendium.org/.
36. Rist, R.C. (1994). Influencing the policy process with qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 545-557). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37. Rogers, E.S., & Palmer-Erbs, V. (1994). Particapatory action research: Implications for research and evaluation in psychiatric rehabilitation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 3-12.
38. Salley, S., & Glantz, L. (2004). Maine enrollees with disabilities work experience: Results from a 2002 survey. Portland: University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service.
39. Silverstein, R. (2003). The applicability of the ADA to personal assistance services in the workplace. Boston: University of Massachusetts, Institute for Community Inclusion.
40. Siperstein, G.N., Romano, N., Mohler, A., & Parker, R. (2006). A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 24(1), 3-9.
41. Stapleton, D. C., & Burkhauser, R. V. (Eds.). (2003). The decline in employment of people with disabilities: A policy puzzle. Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
42. Stoddard, S., Temkin, T., Jans, L., & Jensen, A. (2006, May 22). State progress in expanding workplace personal assistance services (PAS): A state-by-state summary, with examples of state reports on workplace PAS. Retrieved May 22, 2008, from http://www.pascenter.org/workplace_pas/MIG.php.
43. Turner, E. (2003). Using a personal assistant in the workplace. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 18(2), 81-85.
44. Unger, D., Kregel, J., Wehman, P., & Brooke, V. (2003). Employers' view of workplace support: Virginia Commonwealth University Charter Business Roundtable's National Study of Employers' Experiences With Workers With Disabilities. Richmond: Virginia Commonwealth University, Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Workplace Supports and Job Retention.
45. U.S. Department of Labor. (1997). Ed Kit 1997-Personal assistance services in the workplace. Retrieved May 22, 2008, from http://www.dol.gov/odep/pubs/ek97/personal.htm.
46. U.S. General Accounting Office. (1994). Social security: Disability rolls keep growing, while explanations remain elusive. Retrieved September 29, 2008, from http://archive.gao.gov/t2pbat4/151023.pdf.
47. Utah Work Ability. (2003). Employment-related personal-assistance program (EPAS). Retrieved September 18, 2008, from http://www.workabilityutah.org/healthcare/epas.php.
48. Wehman, P. (1980). Competitive employment. Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
49. Wehman, P., & Kreutzer, J. (1990). Vocational rehabilitation: For persons with traumatic brain injury. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.
50. Weiner, J.M. (2003). Medicaid and work incentives for people with disabilities: Background and issues. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.
51. Wisconsin Department of Health Services. (2008). Medicaid home and community-based waivers manual. Retrieved September 18, 2008, from http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/bdds/waivermanual/.
52. World Institute on Disability. (2008). AB 925: Workforce Inclusion Act. Disability Benefits 101: Working with a disability in California. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http://www.disabilitybenefits101.org/ca/programs/work_benefits/ab925/program.htm.
53. Young, A.J. (2003). The evolution of personal assistant services as a workplace support. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 18(2), 73-80.