Induction, regulation, and biologic function of Axl receptor tyrosine kinase in Kaposi sarcoma

Blood

Volumn 116, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 297-305

  Liu, Ren ^a   Gong, Ming ^a   Li, Xiuqing ^a   Zhou, Yue ^a   Gao, Wenming ^a   Tulpule, Anil ^a   Chaudhary, Preet M ^b   Jung, Jae ^a   Gill, Parkash S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLICE INHIBITORY PROTEIN; I KAPPA B; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY B173; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PROTEIN AXL; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; AXL RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; ONCOPROTEIN; VIRAL FLIP PROTEIN, HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL GROWTH; CELL INVASION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG MECHANISM; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; FEMALE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; HERPES VIRUS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; KAPOSI SARCOMA; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN INDUCTION; PROTEIN METHYLATION; TUMOR CELL; UPREGULATION; ANIMAL; BAGG ALBINO MOUSE; CANCER INVASION; DNA METHYLATION; DRUG SCREENING; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; GENE DOSAGE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; GENETICS; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8; IMMUNOLOGY; IMMUNOPRECIPITATION; METABOLISM; MOUSE; PHYSIOLOGY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROMOTER REGION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; VIROLOGY; VIRUS CELL TRANSFORMATION; WESTERN BLOTTING;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL; DNA METHYLATION; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; GENE DOSAGE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; HERPESVIRUS 8, HUMAN; HUMANS; IMMUNOPRECIPITATION; MICE; MICE, INBRED BALB C; NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS; RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES; RNA, SMALL INTERFERING; SARCOMA, KAPOSI; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSFECTION; VIRAL PROTEINS; XENOGRAFT MODEL ANTITUMOR ASSAYS;

EID: 77955475326     PISSN: 00064971     EISSN: 15280020     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-12-257154     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Ensoli B, Barillari G, Gallo RC. Pathogenesis of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1991;5(2):281-295.
2. Staskus KA, Zhong W, Gebhard K, et al. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus gene expression in endothelial (spindle) tumor cells. J Virol. 1997;71(1):715-719. (Pubitemid 26412345)
3. Lai C, Lemke G. An extended family of protein-tyrosine kinase genes differentially expressed in the vertebrate nervous system. Neuron. 1991;6(5):691-704.
4. O'Bryan JP, Frye RA, Cogswell PC, et al. Axl, a transforming gene isolated from primary human myeloid leukemia cells, encodes a novel receptor tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1991;11(10):5016-5031.
5. Stitt TN, Conn G, Gore M, et al. The anticoagulation factor protein S and its relative, Gas6, are ligands for the tyro 3/Axl family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell. 1995;80(4):661-670.
6. Varnum BC, Young C, Elliott G, et al. Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrestspecific gene 6. Nature. 1995;373(6515):623-626.
7. Hafizi S, Dahlback B. Signalling and functional diversity within the axl subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2006;17(4):295-304. (Pubitemid 44038616)
8. Korshunov VA, Mohan AM, Georger MA, Berk BC. Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase, mediates flow-induced vascular remodeling. Circ Res. 2006;98(11):1446-1452.
9. Collett GD, Sage AP, Kirton JP, Alexander MY, Gilmore AP, Canfield AE. Axl/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling inhibits mineral deposition by vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res. 2007;100(4):502-509.
10. Melaragno MG, Fridell YW, Berk BC. The Gas6/Axl system: a novel regulator of vascular cell function. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 1999;9(8):250-253.
11. Goruppi S, Ruaro E, Varnum B, Schneider C. Requirement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway and src for Gas6-axl mitogenic and survival activities in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol. 1997;17(8):4442-4453. (Pubitemid 27318121)
12. Rothlin CV, Ghosh S, Zuniga EI, Oldstone MB, Lemke G. TAM receptors are pleiotropic inhibitors of the innate immune response. Cell. 2007;131(6):1124- 1136. (Pubitemid 350235020)
13. Allen MP, Linseman DA, Udo H, et al. Novel mechanism for gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal migration involving Gas6/Ark signaling to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 2002;22(2):599-613. (Pubitemid 34027504)
14. Budagian V, Bulanova E, Orinska Z, et al. A promiscuous liaison between IL-15 receptor and axl receptor tyrosine kinase in cell death control. EMBO J. 2005;24(24):4260-4270. (Pubitemid 41828901)
15. Gallicchio M, Mitola S, Valdembri D, et al. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated endothelial cell activation by axl tyrosine kinase receptor. Blood. 2005;105(5):1970-1976. (Pubitemid 40731780)
16. Janssen JW, Schulz AS, Steenvoorden AC, et al. A novel putative tyrosine kinase receptor with oncogenic potential. Oncogene. 1991;6(11):2113-2120. (Pubitemid 21924053)
17. Craven RJ, Xu LH, Weiner TM, et al. Receptor tyrosine kinases expressed in metastatic colon cancer. Int J Cancer. 1995;60(6):791-797.
18. Ito T, Ito M, Naito S, et al. Expression of the axl receptor tyrosine kinase in human thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 1999;9(6):563-567. (Pubitemid 29296118)
19. Berclaz G, Altermatt HJ, Rohrbach V, Kieffer I, Dreher E, Andres AC. Estrogen dependent expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase axl in normal and malignant human breast. Ann Oncol. 2001;12(6):819-824. (Pubitemid 32655092)
20. Sun W, Fujimoto J, Tamaya T. Coexpression of Gas6/Axl in human ovarian cancers. Oncology. 2004;66(6):450-457. (Pubitemid 39370236)
21. Shieh YS, Lai CY, Kao YR, et al. Expression of axl in lung adenocarcinoma and correlation with tumor progression. Neoplasia. 2005;7(12):1058-1064.
22. Sainaghi PP, Castello L, Bergamasco L, Galletti M, Bellosta P, Avanzi GC. Gas6 induces proliferation in prostate carcinoma cell lines expressing the axl receptor. J Cell Physiol. 2005;204(1):36-44. (Pubitemid 40776804)
23. Meric F, Lee WP, Sahin A, Zhang H, Kung HJ, Hung MC. Expression profile of tyrosine kinases in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2002;8(2):361-367. (Pubitemid 34193951)
24. Wu CW, Li AF, Chi CW, et al. Clinical significance of AXL kinase family in gastric cancer. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(2):1071-1078.
25. Chung BI, Malkowicz SB, Nguyen TB, Libertino JA, McGarvey TW. Expression of the proto-oncogene axl in renal cell carcinoma. DNA Cell Biol. 2003;22(8):533-540. (Pubitemid 37174752)
26. Hutterer M, Knyazev P, Abate A, et al. Axl and growth arrest-specific gene 6 are frequently overexpressed in human gliomas and predict poor prognosis in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(1):130-138. (Pubitemid 351377987)
27. Holland SJ, Powell MJ, Franci C, et al. Multiple roles for the receptor tyrosine kinase axl in tumor formation. Cancer Res. 2005;65(20):9294-9303. (Pubitemid 41507996)
28. Mahadevan D, Cooke L, Riley C, et al. A novel tyrosine kinase switch is a mechanism of imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Oncogene. 2007;26(27):3909-3919. (Pubitemid 46884299)
29. Liu L, Greger J, Shi H, et al. Novel mechanism of lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast tumor cells: activation of AXL. Cancer Res. 2009;69(17):6871-6878.
30. Hong CC, Lay JD, Huang JS, et al. Receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is induced by chemotherapy drugs and overexpression of AXL confers drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Lett. 2008;268(2):314-324.
31. Li Y, Ye X, Tan C, et al. Axl as a potential therapeutic target in cancer: role of axl in tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. Oncogene. 2009;28(39):3442-3455.
32. An FQ, Folarin HM, Compitello N, et al. Long-term-infected telomerase-immortalized endothelial cells: a model for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus latency in vitro and in vivo. J Virol. 2006;80(10):4833-4846.
33. Albini A, Paglieri I, Orengo G, et al. The beta-core fragment of human chorionic gonadotrophin inhibits growth of Kaposi's sarcoma-derived cells and a new immortalized Kaposi's sarcoma cell line. AIDS. 1997;11(6):713-721. (Pubitemid 27186940)
34. Siegal B, Levinton-Kriss S, Schiffer A, et al. Kaposi's sarcoma in immunosuppression: possibly the result of a dual viral infection. Cancer. 1990;65(3):492-498.
35. Matta H, Surabhi RM, Zhao J, et al. Induction of spindle cell morphology in human vascular endothelial cells by human herpesvirus 8-encoded viral FLICE inhibitory protein K13. Oncogene. 2007;26(11):1656-1660. (Pubitemid 46398733)
36. Liu R, Li X, Tulpule A, et al. KSHV-induced notch components render endothelial and mural cell characteristics and cell survival. Blood. 2010;115(4):887-895.
37. Judge AD, Bola G, Lee AC, MacLachlan I. Design of noninflammatory synthetic siRNA mediating potent gene silencing in vivo. Mol Ther. 2006;13(3):494-505. (Pubitemid 43257617)
38. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-delta delta C(T)) method. Methods. 2001;25(4):402-408. (Pubitemid 34164012)
39. Kumar SR, Singh J, Xia G, et al. Receptor tyrosine kinase EphB4 is a survival factor in breast cancer. Am J Pathol. 2006;169(1):279-293.
40. Mudduluru G, Allgayer H. The human receptor tyrosine kinase axl gene-promoter characterization and regulation of constitutive expression by Sp1, Sp3 and CpG methylation. Biosci Rep. 2008;28(3):161-176.
41. Schulz TF, Chang Y, Moore PS. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8). In: McCance DJ, ed. Human Tumor Viruses. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; 1998:87-134.
42. Chaudhary PM, Jasmin A, Eby MT, Hood L. Modulation of the NF-kappa B pathway by virally encoded death effector domains-containing proteins. Oncogene. 1999;18(42):5738-5746. (Pubitemid 29507427)
43. Sun Q, Zachariah S, Chaudhary PM. The human herpes virus 8-encoded viral FLICE-inhibitory protein induces cellular transformation via NF-kappaB activation. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(52):52437-52445. (Pubitemid 38035836)
44. Lemke G, Rothlin CV. Immunobiology of the TAM receptors. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(5):327-336.
45. Konishi A, Aizawa T, Mohan A, Korshunov VA, Berk BC. Hydrogen peroxide activates the Gas6-axl pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(27):28766-28770. (Pubitemid 38900161)
46. Hafizi S, Alindri F, Karlsson R, Dahlback B. Interaction of axl receptor tyrosine kinase with C1-TEN, a novel C1 domain-containing protein with homology to tensin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002;299(5):793-800. (Pubitemid 36034556)
47. Lunardi-Iskandar Y, Gill P, Lam VH, et al. Isolation and characterization of an immortal neoplastic cell line (KS Y-1) from AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87(13):974-981.
48. Linger RM, Keating AK, Earp HS, Graham DK. TAM receptor tyrosine kinases: biologic functions, signaling, and potential therapeutic targeting in human cancer. Adv Cancer Res. 2008;100:35-83.