Economic status, education and empowerment: Implications for maternal health service utilization in developing countries

PLoS ONE

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2010, Pages

  Ahmed, Saifuddin ^a   Creanga, Andreea A ^a   Gillespie, Duff G ^a   Tsui, Amy O ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT;

ARTICLE; CHILDBIRTH; CONTRACEPTION; DEMOGRAPHY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EMPOWERMENT; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MATERNAL AGE; MATERNAL CARE; POVERTY; PRENATAL CARE; SOCIAL STATUS; BEHAVIOR; HEALTH SERVICE; SOCIAL CLASS; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES; POWER (PSYCHOLOGY); SOCIAL CLASS;

EID: 77955297844     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011190     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. The World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research (2007) Maternal mortality in 2005: estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA. Geneva: World Health Organization.
2. Ronsmans C, Graham WJ (2006) Maternal mortality: who, when, where, and why. Lancet 368: 1189-1200.
3. Campbell OM, Graham WJ (2006) Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: getting on with what works. Lancet 368: 1284-1299.
4. Koblinsky M, Matthews Z, Hussein J, Mavalankar D, Mridha MK, et al. (2006) Going to scale with professional skilled care. Lancet 368: 1377-1386.
5. Borghi J, Ensor T, Somanathan A, Lissner C, Mills A (2006) Mobilising financial resources for maternal health. Lancet 368: 1457-1465.
6. Filippi V, Ronsmans C, Campbell OM, Graham WJ, Mills A, et al. (2006) Maternal health in poor countries: the broader context and a call for action. Lancet 368: 1535-1541.
7. Rosenfield A, Min CJ, Freedman LP (2007) Making motherhood safe in developing countries. N Engl J Med 356: 1395-1397.
8. Bhandari B, Mandowara SL, Kumar A, Agarwal D (1989) Underutilization of MCH services-the major factor for very high IMR in rural Rajasthan. Indian Pediatr 26: 228-233.
9. Kloos H (1990) Utilization of selected hospitals, health centres and health stations in central, southern and western Ethiopia. Soc Sci Med 31: 101-114.
10. Sarin AR (1997) Underutilization of maternal health services. World Health Forum 18: 67-68.
11. Wilder-Smith A (2003) Current status of 'essential obstetric care' activities internationally: a literature review. Trop Doct 33: 135-138.
12. Hart JT (1971) The inverse care law. Lancet 1: 405-412.
13. Gwatkin DR, Bhuiya A, Victora CG (2004) Making health systems more equitable. Lancet 364: 1273-1280.
14. Chowdhury M, Bhuiya A, Mahmud S, Abdus Salem A, Karim F (2000) Who Gets vaccinated in Bangladesh? The Immunization Divide. DhakaBangladesh: Bangladesh Health Equity Watch.
15. Anand S, Barnighausen T (2004) Human resources and health outcomes: crosscountry econometric study. Lancet 364: 1603-1609.
16. Subbarao KY, Raney L (1995) Social gains from female education: a crossnational study. Econ Dev Cult Change 44: 105-128.
17. Caldwell JC (1993) Health transition: the cultural, social and behavioural determinants of health in the Third World. Soc Sci Med 36: 125-135.
18. Gwatkin D, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Suliman EA, Wagstaff A (2003) Initial Country-Level Information About Socioeconomic Differences in Health, Nutrition, and Population. 2nd ed Washington, DC: The World Bank.
19. Chowdhury ME, Ronsmans C, Killewo J, Anwar I, Gausia K, et al. (2006) Equity in use of home-based or facility-based skilled obstetric care in rural Bangladesh: an observational study. Lancet 367: 327-332.
20. Habicht J, Kunst AE (2005) Social inequalities in health care services utilisation after eight years of health care reforms: a cross-sectional study of Estonia, 1999. Soc Sci Med 60: 777-787.
21. Onwujekwe O (2005) Inequities in healthcare seeking in the treatment of communicable endemic diseases in Southeast Nigeria. Soc Sci Med 61: 455-463.
22. Victora CG, Wagstaff A, Schellenberg JA, Gwatkin D, Claeson M, et al. (2003) Applying an equity lens to child health and mortality: more of the same is not enough. Lancet 362: 233-241.
23. Al RA, Afifi M, Mabry RM (2004) Women's autonomy, education and employment in Oman and their influence on contraceptive use. Reprod Health Matters 12: 144-154.
24. Basu AM, Stephenson R (2005) Low levels of maternal education and the proximate determinants of childhood mortality: a little learning is not a dangerous thing. Soc Sci Med 60: 2011-2023.
25. Bloom SS, Wypij D, Das GM (2001) Dimensions of women's autonomy and the influence on maternal health care utilization in a north Indian city. Demography 38: 67-78.
26. Kruk ME, Prescott MR, Galea S (2008) Equity of skilled birth attendant utilization in developing countries: financing and policy determinants. Am J Public Health 98: 142-147.
27. Gillespie D, Ahmed S, Tsui A, Radloff S (2007) Unwanted fertility among the poor: an inequity? Bull World Health Organ 85: 100-107.
28. Thaddeus S, Maine D (1994) Too far to walk: maternal mortality in context. Soc Sci Med 38: 1091-1110.
29. AbouZahr C (2003) Antenatal care in developing countries: promises, achievements and missed opportunities: an analysis of trends, levels and differentials, 1990-2001. Geneva: World Health Organization.
30. ORC Macro. Demographic and Health Surveys. Available: http://www.measuredhs.com. Accessed 20 May 2010.
31. The World Bank (2004) Quantitative techniques for health equity analysis: technical note #4: measuring living standards: household consumption and wealth indices. Available: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPAH/Resources/Publications/Quantitative-Techniques/health_eq_tn04.pdf. Accessed 20 May 2010.
32. Wolter KM (2003) Introduction to variance estimation. New York: Springer.
33. DerSimonian R, Laird N (1986) Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 7: 177-188.
34. Fotso JC, Ezeh AC, Essendi H (2009) Maternal health in resource-poor urban settings: how does women's autonomy influence the utilization of obstetric care services? Reprod Health 16: 6-9.
35. Gwatkin DR (2005) How much would poor people gain from faster progress towards the Millennium Development Goals for health? Lancet 365: 813-817.
36. Rahman MH, Mosley WH, Ahmed S, Akhter HH (2008) Does service accessibility reduce socioeconomic differentials in maternity care seeking? Evidence from rural Bangladesh. J Biosoc Sci 40: 19-33.
37. Social Watch (2005) Available: http://www.socialwatch.org/en/informeImpreso/pdfs/gei2005_eng.pdf. Accessed 20 May 2010.