메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 611-627

Mechanisms for activating bacterial RNA polymerase

Author keywords

bEBP; gene activation; RNAP; structure

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; HOLOENZYME; RNA POLYMERASE;

EID: 77955128598     PISSN: 01686445     EISSN: 15746976     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00239.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (63)

References (117)
  • 1
    • 1842506160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation at complex bacterial promoters: How bacteria use different promoter organizations to produce different regulatory outcomes
    • Barnard A, Wolfe A Busby S (2004) Regulation at complex bacterial promoters: how bacteria use different promoter organizations to produce different regulatory outcomes. Curr Opin Microbiol 7 : 102 108.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.7 , pp. 102-108
    • Barnard, A.1    Wolfe, A.2    Busby, S.3
  • 3
    • 70349787160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receiver domains control the active-state stoichiometry of Aquifex aeolicus sigma54 activator NtrC4, as revealed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
    • Batchelor JD, Sterling HJ, Hong E, Williams ER Wemmer DE (2009) Receiver domains control the active-state stoichiometry of Aquifex aeolicus sigma54 activator NtrC4, as revealed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Mol Biol 393 : 634 643.
    • (2009) J Mol Biol , vol.393 , pp. 634-643
    • Batchelor, J.D.1    Sterling, H.J.2    Hong, E.3    Williams, E.R.4    Wemmer, D.E.5
  • 5
    • 0028142648 scopus 로고
    • Domain organization of RNA polymerase alpha subunit: C-terminal 85 amino acids constitute a domain capable of dimerization and DNA binding
    • Blatter EE, Ross W, Tang H, Gourse RL Ebright RH (1994) Domain organization of RNA polymerase alpha subunit: C-terminal 85 amino acids constitute a domain capable of dimerization and DNA binding. Cell 78 : 889 896.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.78 , pp. 889-896
    • Blatter, E.E.1    Ross, W.2    Tang, H.3    Gourse, R.L.4    Ebright, R.H.5
  • 6
    • 0037418230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ATP hydrolyzing transcription activator phage shock protein F of Escherichia coli: Identifying a surface that binds sigma 54
    • Bordes P, Wigneshweraraj S, Schumacher J, Zhang X, Chaney M Buck M (2003) The ATP hydrolyzing transcription activator phage shock protein F of Escherichia coli: identifying a surface that binds sigma 54. P Natl Acad Sci USA 100 : 2278 2283.
    • (2003) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , pp. 2278-2283
    • Bordes, P.1    Wigneshweraraj, S.2    Schumacher, J.3    Zhang, X.4    Chaney, M.5    Buck, M.6
  • 7
    • 6344272111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication between Esigma(54), promoter DNA and the conserved threonine residue in the GAFTGA motif of the PspF sigma-dependent activator during transcription activation
    • Bordes P, Wigneshweraraj S, Chaney M, Dago A, Morett E Buck M (2004) Communication between Esigma(54), promoter DNA and the conserved threonine residue in the GAFTGA motif of the PspF sigma-dependent activator during transcription activation. Mol Microbiol 54 : 489 506.
    • (2004) Mol Microbiol , vol.54 , pp. 489-506
    • Bordes, P.1    Wigneshweraraj, S.2    Chaney, M.3    Dago, A.4    Morett, E.5    Buck, M.6
  • 10
    • 3042733355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helicobacter pylori FlgR is an enhancer-independent activator of sigma54-RNA polymerase holoenzyme
    • Brahmachary P, Dashti MG, Olson JW Hoover TR (2004) Helicobacter pylori FlgR is an enhancer-independent activator of sigma54-RNA polymerase holoenzyme. J Bacteriol 186 : 4535 4542.
    • (2004) J Bacteriol , vol.186 , pp. 4535-4542
    • Brahmachary, P.1    Dashti, M.G.2    Olson, J.W.3    Hoover, T.R.4
  • 11
    • 1842591130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of bacterial transcription initiation
    • Browning DF Busby SJ (2004) The regulation of bacterial transcription initiation. Nat Rev Microbiol 2 : 57 65.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.2 , pp. 57-65
    • Browning, D.F.1    Busby, S.J.2
  • 12
    • 0033912262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bacterial enhancer-dependent sigma(54) (sigma(N)) transcription factor
    • Buck M, Gallegos M, Studholme D, Guo Y Gralla J (2000) The bacterial enhancer-dependent sigma(54) (sigma(N)) transcription factor. J Bacteriol 182 : 4129 4136.
    • (2000) J Bacteriol , vol.182 , pp. 4129-4136
    • Buck, M.1    Gallegos, M.2    Studholme, D.3    Guo, Y.4    Gralla, J.5
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0043032654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping sigma 54-RNA polymerase interactions at the -24 consensus promoter element
    • Burrows PC, Severinov K, Ishihama A, Buck M Wigneshweraraj SR (2003) Mapping sigma 54-RNA polymerase interactions at the -24 consensus promoter element. J Biol Chem 278 : 29728 29743.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 29728-29743
    • Burrows, P.C.1    Severinov, K.2    Ishihama, A.3    Buck, M.4    Wigneshweraraj, S.R.5
  • 15
    • 4844230879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reorganisation of an RNA polymerase-promoter DNA complex for DNA melting
    • Burrows PC, Severinov K, Buck M Wigneshweraraj SR (2004) Reorganisation of an RNA polymerase-promoter DNA complex for DNA melting. EMBO J 23 : 4253 4263.
    • (2004) EMBO J , vol.23 , pp. 4253-4263
    • Burrows, P.C.1    Severinov, K.2    Buck, M.3    Wigneshweraraj, S.R.4
  • 18
    • 69849111525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of activator-Esigma54 complexes formed with nucleotide-metal fluoride analogues
    • Burrows PC, Joly N, Nixon BT Buck M (2009b) Comparative analysis of activator-Esigma54 complexes formed with nucleotide-metal fluoride analogues. Nucleic Acids Res 37 : 5138 5150.
    • (2009) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.37 , pp. 5138-5150
    • Burrows, P.C.1    Joly, N.2    Nixon, B.T.3    Buck, M.4
  • 20
    • 0031026786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription activation at class II CAP-dependent promoters
    • Busby S Ebright RH (1997) Transcription activation at class II CAP-dependent promoters. Mol Microbiol 23 : 853 859.
    • (1997) Mol Microbiol , vol.23 , pp. 853-859
    • Busby, S.1    Ebright, R.H.2
  • 21
    • 0032698634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription activation by catabolite activator protein (CAP)
    • Busby S Ebright RH (1999) Transcription activation by catabolite activator protein (CAP). J Mol Biol 293 : 199 213.
    • (1999) J Mol Biol , vol.293 , pp. 199-213
    • Busby, S.1    Ebright, R.H.2
  • 22
    • 76649129579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T7 phage protein Gp2 inhibits the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by antagonizing stable DNA strand separation near the transcription start site
    • Camara B, Liu M, Reynolds J et al 2010) T7 phage protein Gp2 inhibits the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by antagonizing stable DNA strand separation near the transcription start site. P Natl Acad Sci USA 107 : 2247 2252.
    • (2010) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.107 , pp. 2247-2252
    • Camara, B.1    Liu, M.2    Reynolds, J.3
  • 24
    • 0030612601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two domains within sigmaN (sigma54) cooperate for DNA binding
    • Cannon WV, Chaney MK, Wang X Buck M (1997) Two domains within sigmaN (sigma54) cooperate for DNA binding. P Natl Acad Sci USA 94 : 5006 5011.
    • (1997) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 5006-5011
    • Cannon, W.V.1    Chaney, M.K.2    Wang, X.3    Buck, M.4
  • 25
    • 0035449829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of transcriptional activators to sigma 54 in the presence of the transition state analog ADP-aluminum fluoride: Insights into activator mechanochemical action
    • Chaney M, Grande R, Wigneshweraraj SR et al 2001) Binding of transcriptional activators to sigma 54 in the presence of the transition state analog ADP-aluminum fluoride: insights into activator mechanochemical action. Gene Dev 15 : 2282 2294.
    • (2001) Gene Dev , vol.15 , pp. 2282-2294
    • Chaney, M.1    Grande, R.2    Wigneshweraraj, S.R.3
  • 27
    • 0037756788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional interaction between RNA polymerase alpha subunit C-terminal domain and sigma70 in UP-element- and activator-dependent transcription
    • Chen H, Tang H Ebright RH (2003) Functional interaction between RNA polymerase alpha subunit C-terminal domain and sigma70 in UP-element- and activator-dependent transcription. Mol Cell 11 : 1621 1633.
    • (2003) Mol Cell , vol.11 , pp. 1621-1633
    • Chen, H.1    Tang, H.2    Ebright, R.H.3
  • 28
    • 34547638220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial RNA polymerase: A promising target for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents
    • Chopra I (2007) Bacterial RNA polymerase: a promising target for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Curr Opin Investig D 8 : 600 607.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Investig D , vol.8 , pp. 600-607
    • Chopra, I.1
  • 30
    • 0035827346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of transcription: RNA polymerase II at 2.8 angstrom resolution
    • Cramer P, Bushnell DA Kornberg RD (2001) Structural basis of transcription: RNA polymerase II at 2.8 angstrom resolution. Science 292 : 1863 1876.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 1863-1876
    • Cramer, P.1    Bushnell, D.A.2    Kornberg, R.D.3
  • 31
    • 33847704586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for the conserved GAFTGA motif of AAA+ transcription activators in sensing promoter DNA conformation
    • Dago A, Wigneshweraraj S, Buck M Morett E (2007) A role for the conserved GAFTGA motif of AAA+ transcription activators in sensing promoter DNA conformation. J Biol Chem 282 : 1087 1097.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 1087-1097
    • Dago, A.1    Wigneshweraraj, S.2    Buck, M.3    Morett, E.4
  • 32
    • 26944499456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A non-haem iron centre in the transcription factor NorR senses nitric oxide
    • D'Autréaux B, Tucker NP, Dixon R Spiro S (2005) A non-haem iron centre in the transcription factor NorR senses nitric oxide. Nature 437 : 769 772.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.437 , pp. 769-772
    • D'Autréaux, B.1    Tucker, N.P.2    Dixon, R.3    Spiro, S.4
  • 33
    • 34249941797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time footprinting of DNA in the first kinetically significant intermediate in open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase
    • Davis CA, Bingman CA, Landick R, Record MT Saecker RM (2007) Real-time footprinting of DNA in the first kinetically significant intermediate in open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. P Natl Acad Sci USA 104 : 7833 7838.
    • (2007) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 7833-7838
    • Davis, C.A.1    Bingman, C.A.2    Landick, R.3    Record, M.T.4    Saecker, R.M.5
  • 34
    • 33646181238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and functional studies of the response regulator HupR
    • Davies KM, Skamnaki V, Johnson LN Venien-Bryan C (2006) Structural and functional studies of the response regulator HupR. J Mol Biol 359 : 276 288.
    • (2006) J Mol Biol , vol.359 , pp. 276-288
    • Davies, K.M.1    Skamnaki, V.2    Johnson, L.N.3    Venien-Bryan, C.4
  • 35
    • 33744780177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structural basis for regulated assembly and function of the transcriptional activator NtrC
    • De Carlo S, Chen B, Hoover TR, Kondrashkina E, Nogales E Nixon BT (2006) The structural basis for regulated assembly and function of the transcriptional activator NtrC. Gene Dev 20 : 1485 1495.
    • (2006) Gene Dev , vol.20 , pp. 1485-1495
    • De Carlo, S.1    Chen, B.2    Hoover, T.R.3    Kondrashkina, E.4    Nogales, E.5    Nixon, B.T.6
  • 36
    • 29244469944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C-terminal RpoN domain of sigma54 forms an unpredicted helix-turn-helix motif similar to domains of sigma70
    • Doucleff M, Malak LT, Pelton JG Wemmer DE (2005) The C-terminal RpoN domain of sigma54 forms an unpredicted helix-turn-helix motif similar to domains of sigma70. J Biol Chem 280 : 41530 41536.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 41530-41536
    • Doucleff, M.1    Malak, L.T.2    Pelton, J.G.3    Wemmer, D.E.4
  • 37
    • 34248578701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of DNA recognition by the alternative sigma-factor, sigma54
    • Doucleff M, Pelton JG, Lee PS, Nixon BT Wemmer DE (2007) Structural basis of DNA recognition by the alternative sigma-factor, sigma54. J Mol Biol 369 : 1070 1078.
    • (2007) J Mol Biol , vol.369 , pp. 1070-1078
    • Doucleff, M.1    Pelton, J.G.2    Lee, P.S.3    Nixon, B.T.4    Wemmer, D.E.5
  • 38
    • 0038354921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Region 4 of sigma as a target for transcription regulation
    • Dove SL, Darst SA Hochschild A (2003) Region 4 of sigma as a target for transcription regulation. Mol Microbiol 48 : 863 874.
    • (2003) Mol Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 863-874
    • Dove, S.L.1    Darst, S.A.2    Hochschild, A.3
  • 39
    • 0034671288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA polymerase: Structural similarities between bacterial RNA polymerase and eukaryotic RNA polymerase II
    • Ebright RH (2000) RNA polymerase: structural similarities between bacterial RNA polymerase and eukaryotic RNA polymerase II. J Mol Biol 304 : 687 698.
    • (2000) J Mol Biol , vol.304 , pp. 687-698
    • Ebright, R.H.1
  • 40
    • 17644422749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular determinants for PspA-mediated repression of the AAA transcriptional activator PspF
    • Elderkin S, Bordes P, Jones S, Rappas M Buck M (2005) Molecular determinants for PspA-mediated repression of the AAA transcriptional activator PspF. J Bacteriol 187 : 3238 3248.
    • (2005) J Bacteriol , vol.187 , pp. 3238-3248
    • Elderkin, S.1    Bordes, P.2    Jones, S.3    Rappas, M.4    Buck, M.5
  • 41
    • 17044399341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Borrelia burgdorferi sigma54 is required for mammalian infection and vector transmission but not for tick colonization
    • Fisher MA, Grimm D, Henion AK, Elias AF, Stewart PE, Rosa PA Gherardini FC (2005) Borrelia burgdorferi sigma54 is required for mammalian infection and vector transmission but not for tick colonization. P Natl Acad Sci USA 102 : 5162 5167.
    • (2005) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 5162-5167
    • Fisher, M.A.1    Grimm, D.2    Henion, A.K.3    Elias, A.F.4    Stewart, P.E.5    Rosa, P.A.6    Gherardini, F.C.7
  • 42
    • 0033520123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functions of the sigma(54) region i in trans and implications for transcription activation
    • Gallegos M, Cannon W Buck M (1999) Functions of the sigma(54) region I in trans and implications for transcription activation. J Biol Chem 274 : 25285 25290.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 25285-25290
    • Gallegos, M.1    Cannon, W.2    Buck, M.3
  • 43
    • 0033852409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ups and downs in bacterial transcription initiation: The role of the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase in promoter recognition
    • Gourse RL, Ross W Gaal T (2000) Ups and downs in bacterial transcription initiation: the role of the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase in promoter recognition. Mol Microbiol 37 : 687 695.
    • (2000) Mol Microbiol , vol.37 , pp. 687-695
    • Gourse, R.L.1    Ross, W.2    Gaal, T.3
  • 44
    • 0242692671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sigma subunits and the partitioning of bacterial transcription space
    • Gruber TM Gross CA (2003) Multiple sigma subunits and the partitioning of bacterial transcription space. Annu Rev Microbiol 57 : 441 466.
    • (2003) Annu Rev Microbiol , vol.57 , pp. 441-466
    • Gruber, T.M.1    Gross, C.A.2
  • 45
    • 0033857305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoter opening by sigma(54) and sigma(70) RNA polymerases: Sigma factor-directed alterations in the mechanism and tightness of control
    • Guo Y, Lew CM Gralla JD (2000) Promoter opening by sigma(54) and sigma(70) RNA polymerases: sigma factor-directed alterations in the mechanism and tightness of control. Gene Dev 14 : 2242 2255.
    • (2000) Gene Dev , vol.14 , pp. 2242-2255
    • Guo, Y.1    Lew, C.M.2    Gralla, J.D.3
  • 46
    • 1542275423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of the AAA(+) adaptor protein PspA is an oligomeric ring
    • Hankamer BD, Elderkin SL, Buck M Nield J (2004) Organization of the AAA(+) adaptor protein PspA is an oligomeric ring. J Biol Chem 279 : 8862 8866.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 8862-8866
    • Hankamer, B.D.1    Elderkin, S.L.2    Buck, M.3    Nield, J.4
  • 47
    • 45449099933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in bacterial promoter recognition and its control by factors that do not bind DNA
    • Haugen SP, Ross W Gourse RL (2008) Advances in bacterial promoter recognition and its control by factors that do not bind DNA. Nat Rev Microbiol 6 : 507 519.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.6 , pp. 507-519
    • Haugen, S.P.1    Ross, W.2    Gourse, R.L.3
  • 48
    • 0020490669 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of activation of transcription initiation from the lambda PRM promoter
    • Hawley DK McClure WR (1982) Mechanism of activation of transcription initiation from the lambda PRM promoter. J Mol Biol 157 : 493 525.
    • (1982) J Mol Biol , vol.157 , pp. 493-525
    • Hawley, D.K.1    McClure, W.R.2
  • 49
    • 57349099553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA polymerase: A nexus of gene regulation
    • Helmann JD (2009) RNA polymerase: a nexus of gene regulation. Methods 47 : 1 5.
    • (2009) Methods , vol.47 , pp. 1-5
    • Helmann, J.D.1
  • 50
    • 33846829718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catabolism of phenylalanine by Pseudomonas putida: The NtrC-family PhhR regulator binds to two sites upstream from the phhA gene and stimulates transcription with sigma70
    • Herrera MC Ramos JL (2007) Catabolism of phenylalanine by Pseudomonas putida: the NtrC-family PhhR regulator binds to two sites upstream from the phhA gene and stimulates transcription with sigma70. J Mol Biol 366 : 1374 1386.
    • (2007) J Mol Biol , vol.366 , pp. 1374-1386
    • Herrera, M.C.1    Ramos, J.L.2
  • 51
    • 70350711988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PhhR binds to target sequences at different distances with respect to RNA polymerase in order to activate transcription
    • Herrera MC, Krell T, Zhang X Ramos JL (2009) PhhR binds to target sequences at different distances with respect to RNA polymerase in order to activate transcription. J Mol Biol 394 : 576 586.
    • (2009) J Mol Biol , vol.394 , pp. 576-586
    • Herrera, M.C.1    Krell, T.2    Zhang, X.3    Ramos, J.L.4
  • 52
    • 0029875231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azotobacter vinelandii NIFL is a flavoprotein that modulates transcriptional activation of nitrogen-fixation genes via a redox-sensitive switch
    • Hill S, Austin S, Eydmann T, Jones T Dixon R (1996) Azotobacter vinelandii NIFL is a flavoprotein that modulates transcriptional activation of nitrogen-fixation genes via a redox-sensitive switch. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93 : 2143 2148.
    • (1996) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 2143-2148
    • Hill, S.1    Austin, S.2    Eydmann, T.3    Jones, T.4    Dixon, R.5
  • 53
    • 39149142997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The X-ray crystal structure of RNA polymerase from Archaea
    • DOI 10.1038/nature06530, PII NATURE06530
    • Hirata A, Klein BJ Murakami KS (2008) The X-ray crystal structure of RNA polymerase from Archaea. Nature 451 : 851 854. (Pubitemid 351253162)
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , Issue.7180 , pp. 851-854
    • Hirata, A.1    Klein, B.J.2    Murakami, K.S.3
  • 55
    • 77349095306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of sigma 28-dependent transcription in Escherichia coli by the cyclic AMP receptor protein requires an unusual promoter organization
    • Hollands K, Lee DJ, Lloyd GS Busby SJ (2010) Activation of sigma 28-dependent transcription in Escherichia coli by the cyclic AMP receptor protein requires an unusual promoter organization. Mol Microbiol 75 : 1098 1111.
    • (2010) Mol Microbiol , vol.75 , pp. 1098-1111
    • Hollands, K.1    Lee, D.J.2    Lloyd, G.S.3    Busby, S.J.4
  • 56
    • 67349263052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the RNA polymerase core-binding domain of sigma(54) reveals a likely conformational fracture point
    • Hong E, Doucleff M Wemmer DE (2009) Structure of the RNA polymerase core-binding domain of sigma(54) reveals a likely conformational fracture point. J Mol Biol 390 : 70 82.
    • (2009) J Mol Biol , vol.390 , pp. 70-82
    • Hong, E.1    Doucleff, M.2    Wemmer, D.E.3
  • 61
    • 33845919591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous nucleotide occupancy stimulates functionality of phage shock protein F, an AAA+ transcriptional activator
    • Joly N, Schumacher J Buck M (2006) Heterogeneous nucleotide occupancy stimulates functionality of phage shock protein F, an AAA+ transcriptional activator. J Biol Chem 281 : 34997 35007.
    • (2006) J Biol Chem , vol.281 , pp. 34997-35007
    • Joly, N.1    Schumacher, J.2    Buck, M.3
  • 62
    • 35448968986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling nucleotide hydrolysis to transcription activation performance in a bacterial enhancer binding protein
    • Joly N, Rappas M, Wigneshweraraj SR, Zhang X Buck M (2007) Coupling nucleotide hydrolysis to transcription activation performance in a bacterial enhancer binding protein. Mol Microbiol 66 : 583 595.
    • (2007) Mol Microbiol , vol.66 , pp. 583-595
    • Joly, N.1    Rappas, M.2    Wigneshweraraj, S.R.3    Zhang, X.4    Buck, M.5
  • 63
    • 46649108584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An intramolecular route for coupling ATPase activity in AAA+ proteins for transcription activation
    • Joly N, Burrows PC Buck M (2008a) An intramolecular route for coupling ATPase activity in AAA+ proteins for transcription activation. J Biol Chem 283 : 13725 13735.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 13725-13735
    • Joly, N.1    Burrows, P.C.2    Buck, M.3
  • 64
    • 37649013167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trapping of a transcription complex using a new nucleotide analogue: AMP aluminium fluoride
    • Joly N, Rappas M, Buck M Zhang X (2008b) Trapping of a transcription complex using a new nucleotide analogue: AMP aluminium fluoride. J Mol Biol 375 : 1206 1211.
    • (2008) J Mol Biol , vol.375 , pp. 1206-1211
    • Joly, N.1    Rappas, M.2    Buck, M.3    Zhang, X.4
  • 65
    • 70449521979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lower-order oligomer form of phage shock protein A (PspA) stably associates with the hexameric AAA(+) transcription activator protein PspF for negative regulation
    • Joly N, Burrows PC, Engl C, Jovanovic G Buck M (2009) A lower-order oligomer form of phage shock protein A (PspA) stably associates with the hexameric AAA(+) transcription activator protein PspF for negative regulation. J Mol Biol 394 : 764 775.
    • (2009) J Mol Biol , vol.394 , pp. 764-775
    • Joly, N.1    Burrows, P.C.2    Engl, C.3    Jovanovic, G.4    Buck, M.5
  • 66
    • 0034717308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of ATP-dependent promoter melting by transcription factor IIH
    • Kim TK, Ebright RH Reinberg D (2000) Mechanism of ATP-dependent promoter melting by transcription factor IIH. Science 288 : 1418 1422.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1418-1422
    • Kim, T.K.1    Ebright, R.H.2    Reinberg, D.3
  • 69
    • 22144482360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TFIIH XPB mutants suggest a unified bacterial-like mechanism for promoter opening but not escape
    • Lin YC, Choi WS Gralla JD (2005) TFIIH XPB mutants suggest a unified bacterial-like mechanism for promoter opening but not escape. Nat Struct Biol 12 : 603 607.
    • (2005) Nat Struct Biol , vol.12 , pp. 603-607
    • Lin, Y.C.1    Choi, W.S.2    Gralla, J.D.3
  • 70
    • 0026612797 scopus 로고
    • The sigma 70 family: Sequence conservation and evolutionary relationships
    • Lonetto M, Gribskov M Gross CA (1992) The sigma 70 family: sequence conservation and evolutionary relationships. J Bacteriol 174 : 3843 3849.
    • (1992) J Bacteriol , vol.174 , pp. 3843-3849
    • Lonetto, M.1    Gribskov, M.2    Gross, C.A.3
  • 71
    • 0030271890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 70 subunit fragment from E. coli RNA polymerase
    • DOI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81329-X
    • Malhotra A, Severinova E Darst SA (1996) Crystal structure of a sigma 70 subunit fragment from E. coli RNA polymerase. Cell 87 : 127 136. (Pubitemid 26337397)
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-136
    • Malhotra, A.1    Severinova, E.2    Darst, S.A.3
  • 72
    • 34247146736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interplay between CRP-cAMP and PII-Ntr systems forms novel regulatory network between carbon metabolism and nitrogen assimilation in Escherichia coli
    • Mao X, Huo Y, Buck M, Kolb A Wang Y (2007) Interplay between CRP-cAMP and PII-Ntr systems forms novel regulatory network between carbon metabolism and nitrogen assimilation in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res 35 : 1432 1440.
    • (2007) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.35 , pp. 1432-1440
    • Mao, X.1    Huo, Y.2    Buck, M.3    Kolb, A.4    Wang, Y.5
  • 73
    • 53549085430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RNA polymerase 'switch region' is a target for inhibitors
    • Mukhopadhyay J, Das K, Ismail S et al 2008) The RNA polymerase 'switch region' is a target for inhibitors. Cell 135 : 295 307.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.135 , pp. 295-307
    • Mukhopadhyay, J.1    Das, K.2    Ismail, S.3
  • 74
    • 0037308665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial RNA polymerases: The wholo story
    • Murakami KS Darst SA (2003) Bacterial RNA polymerases: the wholo story. Curr Opin Struc Biol 13 : 31 39.
    • (2003) Curr Opin Struc Biol , vol.13 , pp. 31-39
    • Murakami, K.S.1    Darst, S.A.2
  • 75
    • 0037123602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of transcription initiation: An RNA polymerase holoenzyme-DNA complex
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1069595
    • Murakami KS, Masuda S, Campbell EA, Muzzin O Darst SA (2002a) Structural basis of transcription initiation: an RNA polymerase holoenzyme-DNA complex. Science 296 : 1285 1290. (Pubitemid 34522778)
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , Issue.5571 , pp. 1285-1290
    • Murakami, K.S.1    Masuda, S.2    Campbell, E.A.3    Muzzin, O.4    Darst, S.A.5
  • 76
    • 0037123659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of transcription initiation: RNA polymerase holoenzyme at 4 Å resolution
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1069594
    • Murakami KS, Masuda S Darst SA (2002b) Structural basis of transcription initiation: RNA polymerase holoenzyme at 4 Å resolution. Science 296 : 1280 1284. (Pubitemid 34522777)
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , Issue.5571 , pp. 1280-1284
    • Murakami, K.S.1    Masuda, S.2    Darst, S.A.3
  • 77
    • 0033022148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by bacteriophage T7 gene 2 protein
    • Nechaev S Severinov K (1999) Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by bacteriophage T7 gene 2 protein. J Mol Biol 289 : 815 826.
    • (1999) J Mol Biol , vol.289 , pp. 815-826
    • Nechaev, S.1    Severinov, K.2
  • 78
    • 0242693109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteriophage-induced modifications of host RNA polymerase
    • Nechaev S Severinov K (2003) Bacteriophage-induced modifications of host RNA polymerase. Annu Rev Microbiol 57 : 301 322.
    • (2003) Annu Rev Microbiol , vol.57 , pp. 301-322
    • Nechaev, S.1    Severinov, K.2
  • 79
    • 42049098196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The elusive object of desire - Interactions of bacteriophages and their hosts
    • Nechaev S Severinov K (2008) The elusive object of desire - interactions of bacteriophages and their hosts. Curr Opin Microbiol 11 : 186 193.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 186-193
    • Nechaev, S.1    Severinov, K.2
  • 80
    • 0036290932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel bacteriophage-encoded RNA polymerase binding protein inhibits transcription initiation and abolishes transcription termination by host RNA polymerase
    • Nechaev S, Yuzenkova Y, Niedziela-Majka A, Heyduk T Severinov K (2002) A novel bacteriophage-encoded RNA polymerase binding protein inhibits transcription initiation and abolishes transcription termination by host RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol 320 : 11 22.
    • (2002) J Mol Biol , vol.320 , pp. 11-22
    • Nechaev, S.1    Yuzenkova, Y.2    Niedziela-Majka, A.3    Heyduk, T.4    Severinov, K.5
  • 81
    • 0036435823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions of sigma70 region 4 involved in transcription activation by lambdacI
    • Nickels BE, Dove SL, Murakami KS, Darst SA Hochschild A (2002) Protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions of sigma70 region 4 involved in transcription activation by lambdacI. J Mol Biol 324 : 17 34.
    • (2002) J Mol Biol , vol.324 , pp. 17-34
    • Nickels, B.E.1    Dove, S.L.2    Murakami, K.S.3    Darst, S.A.4    Hochschild, A.5
  • 82
    • 0030582675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription activation at class II CAP-dependent promoters: Two interactions between CAP and RNA polymerase
    • Niu W, Kim Y, Tau G, Heyduk T Ebright RH (1996) Transcription activation at class II CAP-dependent promoters: two interactions between CAP and RNA polymerase. Cell 87 : 1123 1134.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 1123-1134
    • Niu, W.1    Kim, Y.2    Tau, G.3    Heyduk, T.4    Ebright, R.H.5
  • 83
    • 1642377971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved arginine residues implicated in ATP hydrolysis, nucleotide-sensing, and inter-subunit interactions in AAA and AAA+ ATPases
    • Ogura T, Whiteheart SW Wilkinson AJ (2004) Conserved arginine residues implicated in ATP hydrolysis, nucleotide-sensing, and inter-subunit interactions in AAA and AAA+ ATPases. J Struct Biol 146 : 106 112.
    • (2004) J Struct Biol , vol.146 , pp. 106-112
    • Ogura, T.1    Whiteheart, S.W.2    Wilkinson, A.J.3
  • 84
    • 0037261948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sigma70 family of sigma factors
    • Paget MSB Helmann JD (2003) The sigma70 family of sigma factors. Genome Biol 4 : 203.1 203.6.
    • (2003) Genome Biol , vol.4 , pp. 2031-2036
    • Paget, M.S.B.1    Helmann, J.D.2
  • 87
    • 33344469160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis of the nucleotide driven conformational changes in the AAA+ domain of transcription activator PspF
    • Rappas M, Schumacher J, Niwa H, Buck M Zhang X (2006) Structural basis of the nucleotide driven conformational changes in the AAA+ domain of transcription activator PspF. J Mol Biol 357 : 481 492.
    • (2006) J Mol Biol , vol.357 , pp. 481-492
    • Rappas, M.1    Schumacher, J.2    Niwa, H.3    Buck, M.4    Zhang, X.5
  • 88
    • 33846895023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial enhancer-binding proteins: Unlocking sigma54-dependent gene transcription
    • Rappas M, Bose D Zhang X (2007) Bacterial enhancer-binding proteins: unlocking sigma54-dependent gene transcription. Curr Opin Struc Biol 17 : 110 116.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Struc Biol , vol.17 , pp. 110-116
    • Rappas, M.1    Bose, D.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 89
    • 0034595498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between activating region 3 of the Escherichia coli cyclic AMP receptor protein and region 4 of the RNA polymerase sigma(70) subunit: Application of suppression genetics
    • Rhodius VA Busby SJ (2000) Interactions between activating region 3 of the Escherichia coli cyclic AMP receptor protein and region 4 of the RNA polymerase sigma(70) subunit: application of suppression genetics. J Mol Biol 299 : 311 324.
    • (2000) J Mol Biol , vol.299 , pp. 311-324
    • Rhodius, V.A.1    Busby, S.J.2
  • 90
    • 23044464806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the central and C-terminal domain of the sigma(54)-activator ZraR
    • Sallai L Tucker PA (2005) Crystal structure of the central and C-terminal domain of the sigma(54)-activator ZraR. J Struct Biol 151 : 160 170.
    • (2005) J Struct Biol , vol.151 , pp. 160-170
    • Sallai, L.1    Tucker, P.A.2
  • 91
    • 0032526956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription activation at class II CRP-dependent promoters: Identification of determinants in the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase α subunit
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/17.12.3439
    • Savery NJ, Lloyd GS, Kainz M, Gaal T, Ross W, Ebright RH, Gourse RL Busby SJ (1998) Transcription activation at Class II CRP-dependent promoters: identification of determinants in the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase alpha subunit. EMBO J 17 : 3439 3447. (Pubitemid 28279516)
    • (1998) EMBO Journal , vol.17 , Issue.12 , pp. 3439-3447
    • Savery, N.J.1    Lloyd, G.S.2    Kainz, M.3    Gaal, T.4    Ross, W.5    Ebright, R.H.6    Gourse, R.L.7    Busby, S.J.W.8
  • 93
    • 34547640998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The -11A of promoter DNA and two conserved amino acids in the melting region of sigma70 both directly affect the rate limiting step in formation of the stable RNA polymerase-promoter complex, but they do not necessarily interact
    • Schroeder LA, Choi A-J deHaseth PL (2007) The -11A of promoter DNA and two conserved amino acids in the melting region of sigma70 both directly affect the rate limiting step in formation of the stable RNA polymerase-promoter complex, but they do not necessarily interact. Nucleic Acids Res 35 : 4141 4153.
    • (2007) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.35 , pp. 4141-4153
    • Schroeder, L.A.1    Choi, A.-J.2    Dehaseth, P.L.3
  • 94
    • 38049042264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threonine 429 of Escherichia coli sigma 70 is a key participant in promoter DNA melting by RNA polymerase
    • Schroeder LA, Karpen ME deHaseth PL (2008) Threonine 429 of Escherichia coli sigma 70 is a key participant in promoter DNA melting by RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol 376 : 153 165.
    • (2008) J Mol Biol , vol.376 , pp. 153-165
    • Schroeder, L.A.1    Karpen, M.E.2    Dehaseth, P.L.3
  • 95
    • 58149096676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a tyrosine-adenine stacking interaction and for a short-lived open intermediate subsequent to initial binding of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase to promoter DNA
    • Schroeder LA, Gries TJ, Saecker RM, Record MT Jr., Harris ME DeHaseth PL (2009) Evidence for a tyrosine-adenine stacking interaction and for a short-lived open intermediate subsequent to initial binding of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase to promoter DNA. J Mol Biol 385 : 339 349.
    • (2009) J Mol Biol , vol.385 , pp. 339-349
    • Schroeder, L.A.1    Gries, T.J.2    Saecker, R.M.3    Record, Jr.M.T.4    Harris, M.E.5    Dehaseth, P.L.6
  • 96
    • 2142707172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP-dependent transcriptional activation by bacterial PspF AAA+ protein
    • Schumacher J, Zhang X, Jones S, Bordes P Buck M (2004) ATP-dependent transcriptional activation by bacterial PspF AAA+ protein. J Mol Biol 338 : 863 875.
    • (2004) J Mol Biol , vol.338 , pp. 863-875
    • Schumacher, J.1    Zhang, X.2    Jones, S.3    Bordes, P.4    Buck, M.5
  • 97
    • 33749256408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structures and organisation of AAA+ enhancer binding proteins in transcriptional activation
    • Schumacher J, Joly N, Rappas M, Zhang X Buck M (2006) Structures and organisation of AAA+ enhancer binding proteins in transcriptional activation. J Struct Biol 156 : 190 199.
    • (2006) J Struct Biol , vol.156 , pp. 190-199
    • Schumacher, J.1    Joly, N.2    Rappas, M.3    Zhang, X.4    Buck, M.5
  • 98
    • 16344376192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time characterization of intermediates in the pathway to open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase at the T7A1 promoter
    • Sclavi B, Zaychikov E, Rogozina A, Walther F, Buckle M Heumann H (2005) Real-time characterization of intermediates in the pathway to open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase at the T7A1 promoter. P Natl Acad Sci USA 102 : 4706 4711.
    • (2005) P Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 4706-4711
    • Sclavi, B.1    Zaychikov, E.2    Rogozina, A.3    Walther, F.4    Buckle, M.5    Heumann, H.6
  • 99
    • 0032577371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by bacteriophage T4 AsiA
    • Severinova E, Severinov K Darst SA (1998) Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by bacteriophage T4 AsiA. J Mol Biol 279 : 9 18.
    • (1998) J Mol Biol , vol.279 , pp. 9-18
    • Severinova, E.1    Severinov, K.2    Darst, S.A.3
  • 100
    • 0037332383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domain architectures of sigma54-dependent transcriptional activators
    • Studholme DJ Dixon R (2003) Domain architectures of sigma54-dependent transcriptional activators. J Bacteriol 185 : 1757 1767.
    • (2003) J Bacteriol , vol.185 , pp. 1757-1767
    • Studholme, D.J.1    Dixon, R.2
  • 101
    • 34547204502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A central role of the RNA polymerase trigger loop in active-site rearrangement during transcriptional pausing
    • Toulokhonov I, Zhang J, Palangat M Landick R (2007) A central role of the RNA polymerase trigger loop in active-site rearrangement during transcriptional pausing. Mol Cell 27 : 406 419.
    • (2007) Mol Cell , vol.27 , pp. 406-419
    • Toulokhonov, I.1    Zhang, J.2    Palangat, M.3    Landick, R.4
  • 102
    • 77950363329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential roles of three enhancer sites in {sigma}54-dependent transcription by the nitric oxide sensing regulatory protein NorR
    • Tucker NP, Ghosh T, Bush M, Zhang X Dixon R (2010) Essential roles of three enhancer sites in {sigma}54-dependent transcription by the nitric oxide sensing regulatory protein NorR. Nucleic Acids Res 38 : 1182 1194.
    • (2010) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.38 , pp. 1182-1194
    • Tucker, N.P.1    Ghosh, T.2    Bush, M.3    Zhang, X.4    Dixon, R.5
  • 103
    • 34447499995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis for transcription elongation by bacterial RNA polymerase
    • DOI 10.1038/nature05932, PII NATURE05932
    • Vassylyev D, Vassylyeva M, Perederina A, Tahirov T Artsimovitch I (2007a) Structural basis for transcription elongation by bacterial RNA polymerase. Nature 448 : 157 162. (Pubitemid 47067370)
    • (2007) Nature , vol.448 , Issue.7150 , pp. 157-162
    • Vassylyev, D.G.1    Vassylyeva, M.N.2    Perederina, A.3    Tahirov, T.H.4    Artsimovitch, I.5
  • 104
    • 34447513771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural basis for substrate loading in bacterial RNA polymerase
    • DOI 10.1038/nature05931, PII NATURE05931
    • Vassylyev D, Vassylyeva M, Zhang J, Palangat M, Artsimovitch I Landick R (2007b) Structural basis for substrate loading in bacterial RNA polymerase. Nature 448 : 163 168. (Pubitemid 47067369)
    • (2007) Nature , vol.448 , Issue.7150 , pp. 163-168
    • Vassylyev, D.G.1    Vassylyeva, M.N.2    Zhang, J.3    Palangat, M.4    Artsimovitch, I.5    Landick, R.6
  • 105
    • 0037071844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of a bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme at 2.6. Å resolution
    • DOI 10.1038/nature752
    • Vassylyev DG, Sekine S-I, Laptenko O, Lee J, Vassylyeva MN, Borukhov S Yokoyama S (2002) Crystal structure of a bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme at 2.6 Å resolution. Nature 417 : 712 719. (Pubitemid 34640620)
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , Issue.6890 , pp. 712-719
    • Vassylyev, D.G.1    Sekine, S.-I.2    Laptenko, O.3    Lee, J.4    Vassylyeva, M.N.5    Borukhov, S.6    Yokoyama, S.7
  • 106
    • 0037082415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlating protein footprinting with mutational analysis in the bacterial transcription factor sigma54 (sigmaN)
    • Wigneshweraraj S, Casaz P Buck M (2002) Correlating protein footprinting with mutational analysis in the bacterial transcription factor sigma54 (sigmaN). Nucleic Acids Res 30 : 1016 1028.
    • (2002) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.30 , pp. 1016-1028
    • Wigneshweraraj, S.1    Casaz, P.2    Buck, M.3
  • 107
    • 9144244886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulated communication between the upstream face of RNA polymerase and the beta' subunit jaw domain
    • Wigneshweraraj S, Burrows P, Nechaev S, Zenkin N, Severinov K Buck M (2004) Regulated communication between the upstream face of RNA polymerase and the beta' subunit jaw domain. EMBO J 23 : 4264 4274.
    • (2004) EMBO J , vol.23 , pp. 4264-4274
    • Wigneshweraraj, S.1    Burrows, P.2    Nechaev, S.3    Zenkin, N.4    Severinov, K.5    Buck, M.6
  • 109
    • 33746884314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interplay between the beta' clamp and the beta' jaw domains during DNA opening by the bacterial RNA polymerase at sigma54-dependent promoters
    • Wigneshweraraj S, Savalia D, Severinov K Buck M (2006) Interplay between the beta' clamp and the beta' jaw domains during DNA opening by the bacterial RNA polymerase at sigma54-dependent promoters. J Mol Biol 359 : 1182 1195.
    • (2006) J Mol Biol , vol.359 , pp. 1182-1195
    • Wigneshweraraj, S.1    Savalia, D.2    Severinov, K.3    Buck, M.4
  • 110
    • 41749093397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modus operandi of the bacterial RNA polymerase containing the sigma(54) promoter-specificity factor
    • Wigneshweraraj S, Bose D, Burrows P et al 2008) Modus operandi of the bacterial RNA polymerase containing the sigma(54) promoter-specificity factor. Mol Microbiol 68 : 538 546.
    • (2008) Mol Microbiol , vol.68 , pp. 538-546
    • Wigneshweraraj, S.1    Bose, D.2    Burrows, P.3
  • 111
    • 0039820099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eubacterial sigma-factors
    • Wosten MM (1998) Eubacterial sigma-factors. FEMS Microbiol Rev 22 : 127 150.
    • (1998) FEMS Microbiol Rev , vol.22 , pp. 127-150
    • Wosten, M.M.1
  • 112
    • 0035066617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation at a distance in bacteria
    • Xu H Hoover TR (2001) Transcriptional regulation at a distance in bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol 4 : 138 144.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.4 , pp. 138-144
    • Xu, H.1    Hoover, T.R.2
  • 114
    • 0033578701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of Thermus aquaticus core RNA polymerase at 3.3 A resolution
    • Zhang G, Campbell EA, Minakhin L, Richter C, Severinov K Darst SA (1999) Crystal structure of Thermus aquaticus core RNA polymerase at 3.3 A resolution. Cell 98 : 811 824.
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 811-824
    • Zhang, G.1    Campbell, E.A.2    Minakhin, L.3    Richter, C.4    Severinov, K.5    Darst, S.A.6
  • 115
    • 70350642059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the conserved phenylalanine in the sigma54-interacting GAFTGA motif of bacterial enhancer binding proteins
    • Zhang N, Joly N, Burrows PC, Jovanovic M, Wigneshweraraj SR Buck M (2009) The role of the conserved phenylalanine in the sigma54-interacting GAFTGA motif of bacterial enhancer binding proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 37 : 5981 5992.
    • (2009) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.37 , pp. 5981-5992
    • Zhang, N.1    Joly, N.2    Burrows, P.C.3    Jovanovic, M.4    Wigneshweraraj, S.R.5    Buck, M.6
  • 116
    • 55549132236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 'glutamate switch' provides a link between ATPase activity and ligand binding in AAA+ proteins
    • Zhang X Wigley D (2008) The 'glutamate switch' provides a link between ATPase activity and ligand binding in AAA+ proteins. Nat Struct Mol Biol 15 : 1223 1227.
    • (2008) Nat Struct Mol Biol , vol.15 , pp. 1223-1227
    • Zhang, X.1    Wigley, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.