Influence of using nanoobjects as filler on functionality-based energy use of nanocomposites

Journal of Nanoparticle Research

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 2011-2028

  Roes, A L ^a   Tabak, L B ^a   Shen, L ^a   Nieuwlaar, E ^a   Patel, M K ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Mechanical properties; Nanocomposites; Nanoobjects; Non renewable energy use; Polymers

Indexed keywords

ENERGY USE; FILLER CONTENTS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENTS; MULTI-WALLED; NANO-OBJECTS; NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY; NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY USE; ORGANOPHILIC MONTMORILLONITES; POLYMER MATRICES; POTENTIAL BENEFITS; SINGLE-WALLED; STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS; THERMOSETTING POLYMERS;

CALCIUM; CALCIUM CARBONATE; CARBON NANOTUBES; CLAY MINERALS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; FILLED POLYMERS; FILLERS; LIFE CYCLE; MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCN); NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYMERS; RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES; SILICA; SILICATE MINERALS; SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (SWCN); STIFFNESS; THERMOSETS;

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES;

CALCIUM CARBONATE; MONTMORILLONITE; MULTI WALLED NANOTUBE; NANOCOMPOSITE; SILICON DIOXIDE; SINGLE WALLED NANOTUBE;

ARTICLE; ENERGY RESOURCE; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RENEWABLE ENERGY; TENSILE STRENGTH;

EID: 77955012861     PISSN: 13880764     EISSN: 1572896X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-009-9819-3     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. SJ Ahmadi YD Huang W Li 2004 Synthetic routes, properties and future applications of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites J Mater Sci 39 6 1919 1925 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000017753.90222.96 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhs1Wgt7o%3D 2004JMatS..39.1919A
2. M Arroyo MA López-Manchado B Herrero 2003 Organo-montmorillonite as substitute of carbon black in natural rubber compounds Polymer 44 8 2447 2453 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00090-9 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00090-9 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXitFGrsLY%3D (Pubitemid 36362361)
3. Ashby MF (2005) Materials selection in mechanical design, 3rd edn. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington
4. M Avella JJ de Vlieger ME Errico S Fischer P Vacca MG Volpe 2005 Biodegradable starch/clay nanocomposite films for food packaging applications Food Chem 93 3 467 474 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.024 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004. 10.024 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXksV2isLg%3D (Pubitemid 40733289)
5. F Chavarria DR Paul 2004 Comparison of nanocomposites based on nylon 6 and nylon 66 Polymer 45 25 8501 8515 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.074 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.074 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVWgtrrO (Pubitemid 39535543)
6. F Chavarria DR Paul 2006 Morphology and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites: effect of organoclay structure Polymer 47 22 7760 7773 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.08.067 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.08.067 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVCrurzI (Pubitemid 44485749)
7. EK Drown AK Mohanty Y Parulekar D Hasija BR Harte M Misra JV Kurian 2007 The surface characteristics of organoclays and their effect on the properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites Compos Sci Technol 67 15-16 3168 3175 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.04.011 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.04.011 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1Smt7bI (Pubitemid 47569713)
8. Ecoinvent (2009) Ecoinvent database. Available online at www.ecoinvent.ch
9. Energy Efficiency Enquiries Bureau ETSU (1993) Guide 31, the moulding of thermo-plastic containers by the extrusion-blow moulding process. Harwell, Oxfordshire, p 11
10. European Commission (2007) Integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC). Reference document on best available techniques for the manufacture of large volume inorganic chemicals-solids and others industry, Chap. 5, Synthetic amorphous silica. Available online at http://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pages/ FActivities.htm
11. Freudenstein M (2007) Low-density polyethylene (PE-LD/LLD). Kunststoffe international, vol 97, Carl Hanser Verlag, München. www.kunststoffe- international.com
12. Frischknecht R, Jungbluth N, Althaus H-J, Doka G, Dones R, Hischier R, Hellweg S, Humbert S, Margni M, Nemecek T, Spielmann M (2004) Implementation of life cycle impact assessment methods. Ecoinvent report no. 3, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, Switzerland
13. Halimi C, Gerard JF (2008) Etude du nanocomposite polyacide lactique/silice. Projet de Fin d'etudes, année scolaire 2007-2008. Institute National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon
14. ML Healy LJ Dahlben JA Isaacs 2008 Environmental assessment of single-walled carbon nanotube processes J Ind Ecol 12 3 376 393 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00058.x 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00058.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1yisrrF
15. Hischier R (2004) Life cycle inventories of packagings and graphical papers. Ecoinvent report no. 11, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, Switzerland. Online version at www.ecoinvent.ch
16. S Hotta DR Paul 2004 Nanocomposites formed from linear lo density polyethylene and organoclays Polymer 45 22 7639 7654 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08. 059 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.059 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotFGms70%3D (Pubitemid 39303770)
17. MAJ Huijbrechts LJA Rombouts S Hellweg R Frischknecht AJ Hendriks D van de Meent AMJ Ragas L Reijnders 2006 Is cumulative fossil energy demand a useful indicator for the environmental performance of products? Environ Sci Technol 40 3 641 648 10.1021/es051689q 10.1021/es051689g
18. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) Climate change 2007. IPCC fourth assessment report. The physical science basis. Cambridge University Press, New York. Available online at http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ ar4-wg1.htm
19. International Standards Organization (2000) Environmental management-life cycle assessment-examples of application of ISO 14041 to goal and scope definition and inventory analysis. ISO/TR 14049:2000(E)
20. International Standards Organisation (2006a) Environmental management-life cycle assessment-principles and framework. ISO/FDIS 14040:2006(E). Downloadable from www.iso.org
21. International Standards Organisation (2006b) Environmental management-Life cycle assessment-requirements and guidelines. ISO/FDIS 14044:2006(E). Downloadable from www.iso.org
22. L Jiang J Zhang MP Wolcott 2007 Comparison of polylactide/nano-sized calcium carbonate and polylactide/montmorillonite composites: reinforcing effects and toughening mechanisms Polymer 48 26 7632 7644 10.1016/j.polymer. 2007.11.001 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.11.001 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVSktbnO (Pubitemid 350192516)
23. S Joshi 2008 Can nanotechnology improve the sustainability of biobased products? The case of layered silicate biopolymer nanocomposites J Ind Ecol 12 3 474 489 10.111/j.1530-9290.2008.00039.x 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00039.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1yisrvI
24. Kirk-Othmer (1998) Encyclopedia of chemical technology, 4th edn. Wiley, New York
25. D Kushnir BA Sandén 2008 Energy requirements of carbon nanoparticle production J Ind Ecol 12 3 360 375 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00057.x 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00057.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1yisrrE
26. W-J Lee S-E Lee C-G Kim 2006 The mechanical properties of MWNT/PMMA nanocomposites fabricated by modified injection molding Compos Struct 76 4 406 410 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.11.008 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.11.008 (Pubitemid 44296398)
27. LN Luduena VA Alvarez A Vazquez 2007 Processing and microstructure of PCL/clay nanocomposites Mater Sci Eng A 460-461 121 129 10.1016/j.msea.2007.01. 104 (Pubitemid 46593844)
28. G Malucelli S Ronchetti N Lak A Priola NT Tzankova FP La Mantia 2007 Intercalation effects in LDPE/o-montmorillonites nanocomposites Eur Polym J 43 2 328 335 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.11.024 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.11.024 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1Wgu7Y%3D (Pubitemid 46135593)
29. L Matřjka O Dukh J Kolařík 2000 Reinforcement of crosslinked rubbery epoxies by in-situ formed silica Polymer 41 4 1449 1459 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00317-1 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00317-1
30. Matweb (2008). Matweb-material property data. Available online at www.Matweb.com. Accessed 17 Jan 2008
31. J Morawiec A Pawlak M Slouf A Galeski E Piorkowska N Krasnikowa 2005 Preparation and properties of compatibilized LDPE/organo-modified montmorillonite nanocomposites Eur Polym J 41 5 1115 1122 10.1016/j.eurpolymj. 2004.11.011 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.11.011 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXit1elu74%3D (Pubitemid 40305045)
32. Nanocor (2008) Nanoclay structures. Available online at http://www.nanocor.com/nano
33. RR Nayak KY Lee AM Shanmugharaj SH Ryu 2007 Synthesis and characterization of styrene grafted carbon nanotube and its polystyrene nanocomposite Eur Polym J 43 12 4916 4923 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.012 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.012 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtlyisbbK (Pubitemid 350166333)
34. Patterson RE (1998) Silica (introduction). In: Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of chemical technology, 4th edn. Wiley, New York
35. M Pietrini AL Roes MK Patel E Chiellini 2007 Comparative life cycle studies on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-based composites as potential replacement for conventional petrochemical plastics Biomacromolecules 8 7 2210 2218 10.1021/bm0700892S1525-7797(07)00089-X 10.1021/bm0700892 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXms1eqtb4%3D 17583946
36. PlasticsEurope (2009) PlasticsEurope ecoprofiles. Available online at www.plasticseurope.org
37. PRé Consultants (2006) SimaPro 7, Multi User 7.0.1
38. W Qiu K Mai H Zeng 1999 Effect of macromolecular coupling agent on the property of PP/GF composites J Appl Polym Sci 71 10 1537 1542 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19990307)71:10<1537::AID-APP1>3.0.CO;2-E 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19990307)71:10<1537::AID-APP1>3.0.CO;2-E 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXotlymtw%3D%3D
39. Reimann DO (2006) CEWEP energy report-status 2001-2004: results of specific data for energy, efficiency rates and coefficients, Plant efficiency factors and NCV of 97 European W-t-E plants and determination of the main energy results, CEWEP, Bamberg, Germany, October 2005, update July 2006. Available online at http://www.cewep.com/storage/med/media/statements/106-11-07-06-CEWP- Report-Final-Version.pdf?fCMS=9492359815c9d578a7fbb6af355da3b9
40. S Rezanejad K Mehrdad 2007 Shape memory and mechanical properties of cross-linked polyethylene/clay nanocomposites Eur Polym J 43 7 2856 2865 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.031 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.031 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnsVKktrY%3D (Pubitemid 47017256)
41. AL Roes E Marsili E Nieuwlaar MK Patel 2007 Environmental and cost assessment of a polypropylene nanocomposite J Polym Env 15 3 212 226 10.1007/s10924-007-0064-5 10.1007/s10924-007-0064-5 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVWku7fI (Pubitemid 350019672)
42. Shen L, Haufe J, Patel MK. Emerging bio-based plastics: product overview and market projection. Group Science, Technology and Society (STS), Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University (forthcoming)
43. P Svoboda C Zeng H Wang LJ Lee DL Tomasko 2002 Morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites J Appl Polym Sci 85 7 1562 1570 10.1002/app.10789 10.1002/app.10789 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xksl2juro%3D (Pubitemid 34691264)
44. SC Tjong SP Bao 2007 Fracture toughness of high density polyethylene/SEBS-g-MA/montmorillonite nanocomposites Comp Sci Technol 67 2 314 323 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.08.006 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.08.006 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhtlagsr%2FK (Pubitemid 44849320)
45. Ullmann's (2007) Encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
46. C Wan X Qiao Y Zhang Y Zhang 2003 Effect of different clay treatment on morphology and mechanical properties of PVC-clay nanocomposites Polym Test 22 4 453 461 10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00126-5 10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00126-5 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmslehuw%3D%3D
47. Y Wang J Gao Y Ma US Agarwal 2006 Study on mechanical properties, thermalstability and crystallization behavior of PET/MMT nanocomposites Compos Part B 37 6 399 407 10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.02.014 10.1016/j.compositesb. 2006.02.014 (Pubitemid 43776127)
48. 3-epoxy nanocomposites using ultrasonic cavitation approach: effects on the structural and mechanical properties Polym Eng Sci 46 4 426 430 10.1002/pen.20513 10.1002/pen.20513 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28Xjt1SrtbY%3D
49. Wikipedia (2007) The free encyclopedia. Available online at http://en.wikipedia.org
50. PJ Yoon DL Hunter DR Paul 2003 Polycarbonate nanocomposites: part 2. Degradation and color formation Polymer 44 18 5341 5354 10.1016/S0032-3861(03) 00523-8 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00523-8 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvVSms74%3D (Pubitemid 36975390)
51. J Zhang DD Jiang CA Wilkie 2005 Polyethylene and polypropylene nanocomposites based upon an oligomerically modified clay Thermochim Acta 430 1-2 107 113 10.1016/j.tca.2005.01.028 10.1016/j.tca.2005.01.028 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjvFWksrg%3D (Pubitemid 40574489)
52. 3 composites J Mater Sci 40 8 2097 2098 10.1007/s10853-005-1244-0 10.1007/s10853-005-1244-0 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjt1WnsL8%3D 2005JMatS..40.2097Z (Pubitemid 40537664)
53. J Zhang DD Jiang CA Wilkie 2006 Polyethylene and polypropylene nanocomposites based on a three component oligomerically modified clay Polym Degrad Stabil 91 4 641 648 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.02.004 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.02.004 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhs1OjsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 43052732)
54. J Zhang DD Jiang CA Wilkie 2006 Thermal and flame properties of polyethylene and polypropylene nanocomposites based on an oligomerically- modified clay Polym Degrad Stabil 91 2 298 304 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005. 05.006 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.05.006 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1elsbbP (Pubitemid 41641899)
55. X Zhang G Lin R Abou-Hussein MK Hassan I Noda JE Mark 2007 Some novel layered-silicate nanocomposites based on a biodegradable hydroxybutyrate copolymer Eur Polym J 43 8 3128 3135 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.043 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.043 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXosF2ms7Y%3D (Pubitemid 47175896)