Cochineal red: Tracing history through colour

Hali

Volumn , Issue 164, 2010, Pages 76-85

  Phipps, Elena ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHROMATOGRAPHY; DYE MANUFACTURE; EXTRACTION METHOD; HIGH PERFORMANCE; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; TESTING;

EID: 77954965569     PISSN: 01420798     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Elena Phipps, 'Cochineal Red: the art history of a color'. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, Spring 2010. Also published as Cochineal Red: the Art history of a color. New Haven & New York 2010.
2. In a paper for the Dyes in History and Archaeology conference held in Scotland in 2003; see Elena Phipps, 'Colour in the Andes: Inca Garments and 17th Century Colonial Documents', in Jo Kirby, ed., Dyes in History and Archaeology 19, London 2003, pp. 51-59.
3. The project was based on the collaborative efforts of members of the Museum's Department of Scientific Research, especially Marco Leona and Nobuko Shibayama, who carried out the bulk of the scientific testing. Other department members, including Mark Wypyski, Sylvia Centeno and Won Ng, as well as Jan Wouters from the Institut Royal Patrimoine Artistique in Brussels, who also contributed analyses, and members of the MMA curatorial and conservation staff aided the project.
4. For more information about testing techniques, see Marco Leona The Materiality of Art: Scientific Research in Art History and Art Conservation at the Metropolitan Museum of Art', in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, Summer 2009. pp. 4-11.
5. Francisco de Verdadera Xerez, Relación de la conquista del Perú 11534], edited by Conception Bravo, Cronicas de America 14, Madrid: Histoha 16, Madrid 1985, p. 110.
6. Thanks to Meredith Montague for this information, personal correspondence, December 2009.
7. See Ann Rosemary Christys, Christians in Al-Andalus 711-1000, Surrey 2002, pp. 108-145 for discussion of the origin of the Calendar of Cordoba.
8. For a definitive presentation of insect dyes and their habitat, see Dominique Cardon, Natural Dyes: Sources, Tradition, Technology and Science, London 2007.
9. Luca Molà, The Silk Industry of Renaissance Venice, Baltimore 2000.
10. R. A. Donkin, 'Spanish Red: an Ethnogeographical Study of Cochineal and the Opuntia Cactus', in Transactions of the American Philosophical Society n. s.67, part 5, 1977a, pp. 1-84;
11. and 'Insect Dyes of Central and West Central Asia', Antropos: International Review of Ethnology and Linguistics 72, 1977b, pp. 847-880.
12. Raymond Lee.'Cochineal Production and Trade in New Spain', The Americas 4, no. 4, 1948, pp. 449-73; and
13. 'American Cochineal in European Commerce, 1526-1625', Journal of Modem History, 23, September 1951, pp. 205-24.
14. In an extensive study undertaken in Brussels on the collection of the Royal Museums, numerous examples of American-dyed cochineal have been scientifically identified in velvets and brocaded silks. See Daniel De Jonghe, et al., The Ottoman Silk Textiles of the Royal Museum of Art and History in Brussels, Turnhout 2004.
15. Donkin, Central Asia. 1977b, pp. 857-8, noted that cochineal was brought from the seaports of India and displaced the Russian dyestuffs supplied by Bukharan merchants in the markets of the Punjab.
16. See M. Komatsu, F. Nishioka, and M. Saito 'Identification of red dyes and mordants used in 12th to 19th centuries Japanese armor', Bunkazai Hozon Shufuku Gakkaishi Journal, vol. 49, 2005, pp. 25-4.
17. Lee 1951, p. 211.
18. Donkin 1977b.