메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 232-244

Toll-like receptor 4 and hepatic fibrogenesis

Author keywords

fibrogenesis; hepatic injury; LPS; TLR4

Indexed keywords

6 [N (2 CHLORO 4 FLUOROPHENYL)SULFAMOYL] 1 CYCLOHEXENE 1 CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BACITRACIN; CD14 ANTIGEN; ERITORAN; GADOLINIUM CHLORIDE; HIGH MOBILITY GROUP B1 PROTEIN; HYALURONIC ACID; INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR; MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 88; NEOMYCIN; NORFLOXACIN; PROBIOTIC AGENT; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 1; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 10; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 3; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 5; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 6; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 7; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 8; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 9; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR AGONIST;

EID: 77954961993     PISSN: 02728087     EISSN: 10988971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1255353     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (123)

References (120)
  • 1
    • 0024955886 scopus 로고
    • Approaching the asymptote? Evolution and revolution in immunology
    • Janeway C A. Jr. Approaching the asymptote? Evolution and revolution in immunology. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1989 54 (Pt 1) 1-13
    • (1989) Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol , vol.54 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 1-13
    • Janeway, Jr.C.A.1
  • 2
    • 0030595339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette sptzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults
    • Lemaitre B, Nicolas E, Michaut L, Reichhart J M., Hoffmann J A. The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette sptzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults. Cell 1996 86 973-983
    • (1996) Cell , vol.86 , pp. 973-983
    • Lemaitre, B.1    Nicolas, E.2    Michaut, L.3    Reichhart, J.M.4    Hoffmann, J.A.5
  • 3
    • 0032509295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 gene
    • Poltorak A, He X, Smirnova I et al. Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene. Science 1998 282 2085-2088
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 2085-2088
    • Poltorak, A.1    He, X.2    Smirnova, I.3
  • 4
    • 55149105005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: 10 years of progress
    • O'Neill L A. The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: 10 years of progress. Immunol Rev 2008 226 10-18
    • (2008) Immunol Rev , vol.226 , pp. 10-18
    • O'Neill, L.A.1
  • 5
    • 56549116047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling
    • Kawai T, Akira S. Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008 1143 1-20
    • (2008) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.1143 , pp. 1-20
    • Kawai, T.1    Akira, S.2
  • 6
    • 0025774776 scopus 로고
    • Drosophila Toll and IL-1 receptor
    • Gay N J., Keith F J. Drosophila Toll and IL-1 receptor. Nature 1991 351 355-356
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 355-356
    • Gay, N.J.1    Keith, F.J.2
  • 7
    • 41649093814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide sensing an important factor in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections: Benefits and hazards of LPS hypersensitivity
    • Freudenberg M A., Tchaptchet S, Keck S et al. Lipopolysaccharide sensing an important factor in the innate immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections: benefits and hazards of LPS hypersensitivity. Immunobiology 2008 213 193-203
    • (2008) Immunobiology , vol.213 , pp. 193-203
    • Freudenberg, M.A.1    Tchaptchet, S.2    Keck, S.3
  • 8
    • 34548222514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the TLR4-MD-2 complex with bound endotoxin antagonist Eritoran
    • Kim H M., Park B S., Kim J I. et al. Crystal structure of the TLR4-MD-2 complex with bound endotoxin antagonist Eritoran. Cell 2007 130 906-917
    • (2007) Cell , vol.130 , pp. 906-917
    • Kim, H.M.1    Park, B.S.2    Kim, J.I.3
  • 9
    • 3142724031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor signalling
    • Akira S, Takeda K. Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat Rev Immunol 2004 4 499-511
    • (2004) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 499-511
    • Akira, S.1    Takeda, K.2
  • 10
    • 32944464648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen recognition and innate immunity
    • Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 2006 124 783-801
    • (2006) Cell , vol.124 , pp. 783-801
    • Akira, S.1    Uematsu, S.2    Takeuchi, O.3
  • 11
    • 0037153130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adaptor molecule TIRAP provides signalling specificity for Toll-like receptors
    • Horng T, Barton G M., Flavell R A., Medzhitov R. The adaptor molecule TIRAP provides signalling specificity for Toll-like receptors. Nature 2002 420 329-333
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 329-333
    • Horng, T.1    Barton, G.M.2    Flavell, R.A.3    Medzhitov, R.4
  • 12
    • 0037153191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential role for TIRAP in activation of the signalling cascade shared by TLR2 and TLR4
    • Yamamoto M, Sato S, Hemmi H et al. Essential role for TIRAP in activation of the signalling cascade shared by TLR2 and TLR4. Nature 2002 420 324-329
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 324-329
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Sato, S.2    Hemmi, H.3
  • 14
    • 0001100915 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen u?ber das Choleragift
    • Pfeiffer R. Untersuchungen u?ber das Choleragift. Z Hygiene 1892 11 393-412
    • (1892) Z Hygiene , vol.11 , pp. 393-412
    • Pfeiffer, R.1
  • 15
    • 0034820507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity
    • Alexander C, Rietschel E T. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity. J Endotoxin Res 2001 7 167-202
    • (2001) J Endotoxin Res , vol.7 , pp. 167-202
    • Alexander, C.1    Rietschel, E.T.2
  • 16
    • 20644469429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling
    • Jiang Z, Georgel P, Du X et al. CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling. Nat Immunol 2005 6 565-570
    • (2005) Nat Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 565-570
    • Jiang, Z.1    Georgel, P.2    Du, X.3
  • 17
    • 33644941765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells
    • Huber M, Kalis C, Keck S et al. R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells. Eur J Immunol 2006 36 701-711
    • (2006) Eur J Immunol , vol.36 , pp. 701-711
    • Huber, M.1    Kalis, C.2    Keck, S.3
  • 18
    • 35748950109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neo-ligands for innate immune receptors and the etiology of sterile inflammatory disease
    • Beutler B. Neo-ligands for innate immune receptors and the etiology of sterile inflammatory disease. Immunol Rev 2007 220 113-128
    • (2007) Immunol Rev , vol.220 , pp. 113-128
    • Beutler, B.1
  • 19
    • 35748945719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The grateful dead: Damage-associated molecular pattern molecules and reduction/oxidation regulate immunity
    • Lotze M T., Zeh H J., Rubartelli A et al. The grateful dead: damage-associated molecular pattern molecules and reduction/oxidation regulate immunity. Immunol Rev 2007 220 60-81
    • (2007) Immunol Rev , vol.220 , pp. 60-81
    • Lotze, M.T.1    Zeh, H.J.2    Rubartelli, A.3
  • 20
    • 41149118513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How dying cells alert the immune system to danger
    • Kono H, Rock K L. How dying cells alert the immune system to danger. Nat Rev Immunol 2008 8 279-289
    • (2008) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 279-289
    • Kono, H.1    Rock, K.L.2
  • 21
    • 2342435824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saturated fatty acid activates but polyunsaturated fatty acid inhibits Toll-like receptor 2 dimerized with Toll-like receptor 6 or 1
    • Lee J Y., Zhao L, Youn H S. et al. Saturated fatty acid activates but polyunsaturated fatty acid inhibits Toll-like receptor 2 dimerized with Toll-like receptor 6 or 1. J Biol Chem 2004 279 16971-16979
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 16971-16979
    • Lee, J.Y.1    Zhao, L.2    Youn, H.S.3
  • 23
    • 34547116858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen-associated molecular pattern contamination as putative endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors
    • Tsan M F., Baochong Gao. Pathogen-associated molecular pattern contamination as putative endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors. J Endotoxin Res 2007 13 6-14
    • (2007) J Endotoxin Res , vol.13 , pp. 6-14
    • Tsan, M.F.1    Baochong, G.2
  • 24
    • 20244373939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nuclear factor HMGB1 mediates hepatic injury after murine liver ischemia-reperfusion
    • Tsung A, Sahai R, Tanaka H et al. The nuclear factor HMGB1 mediates hepatic injury after murine liver ischemia-reperfusion. J Exp Med 2005 201 1135-1143
    • (2005) J Exp Med , vol.201 , pp. 1135-1143
    • Tsung, A.1    Sahai, R.2    Tanaka, H.3
  • 25
    • 35948958955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR4 enhances TGF-beta signaling and hepatic fibrosis
    • Seki E, De Minicis S, Osterreicher C H. et al. TLR4 enhances TGF-beta signaling and hepatic fibrosis. Nat Med 2007 13 1324-1332
    • (2007) Nat Med , vol.13 , pp. 1324-1332
    • Seki, E.1    De Minicis, S.2    Osterreicher, C.H.3
  • 26
    • 35748967851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein at the crossroads between innate and adaptive immunity
    • Bianchi M E., Manfredi A A. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein at the crossroads between innate and adaptive immunity. Immunol Rev 2007 220 35-46
    • (2007) Immunol Rev , vol.220 , pp. 35-46
    • Bianchi, M.E.1    Manfredi, A.A.2
  • 27
    • 17144376810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): Nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal
    • Lotze M T., Tracey K J. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal. Nat Rev Immunol 2005 5 331-342
    • (2005) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.5 , pp. 331-342
    • Lotze, M.T.1    Tracey, K.J.2
  • 28
    • 0142137129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monocytic cells hyperacetylate chromatin protein HMGB1 to redirect it towards secretion
    • Bonaldi T, Talamo F, Scaffidi P et al. Monocytic cells hyperacetylate chromatin protein HMGB1 to redirect it towards secretion. EMBO J 2003 22 5551-5560
    • (2003) EMBO J , vol.22 , pp. 5551-5560
    • Bonaldi, T.1    Talamo, F.2    Scaffidi, P.3
  • 29
    • 0037062934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation
    • Scaffidi P, Misteli T, Bianchi M E. Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation. Nature 2002 418 191-195
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 191-195
    • Scaffidi, P.1    Misteli, T.2    Bianchi, M.E.3
  • 30
    • 33845893860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pivotal advance: Analysis of proinflammatory activity of highly purified eukaryotic recombinant HMGB1 (amphoterin)
    • Rouhiainen A, Tumova S, Valmu L, Kalkkinen N, Rauvala H. Pivotal advance: analysis of proinflammatory activity of highly purified eukaryotic recombinant HMGB1 (amphoterin). J Leukoc Biol 2007 81 49-58
    • (2007) J Leukoc Biol , vol.81 , pp. 49-58
    • Rouhiainen, A.1    Tumova, S.2    Valmu, L.3    Kalkkinen, N.4    Rauvala, H.5
  • 31
    • 42149192003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMGB1 develops enhanced proinflammatory activity by binding to cytokines
    • Sha Y, Zmijewski J, Xu Z, Abraham E. HMGB1 develops enhanced proinflammatory activity by binding to cytokines. J Immunol 2008 180 2531-2537
    • (2008) J Immunol , vol.180 , pp. 2531-2537
    • Sha, Y.1    Zmijewski, J.2    Xu, Z.3    Abraham, E.4
  • 32
    • 34247236200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 9-dependent activation by DNA-containing immune complexes is mediated by HMGB1 and RAGE
    • Tian J, Avalos A M., Mao S Y. et al. Toll-like receptor 9-dependent activation by DNA-containing immune complexes is mediated by HMGB1 and RAGE. Nat Immunol 2007 8 487-496
    • (2007) Nat Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 487-496
    • Tian, J.1    Avalos, A.M.2    Mao, S.Y.3
  • 33
    • 44449162626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High mobility group box 1 protein binding to lipopolysaccharide facilitates transfer of lipopolysaccharide to CD14 and enhances lipopolysaccharide-mediated TNF-alpha production in human monocytes
    • Youn J H., Oh Y J., Kim E S., Choi J E., Shin J S. High mobility group box 1 protein binding to lipopolysaccharide facilitates transfer of lipopolysaccharide to CD14 and enhances lipopolysaccharide-mediated TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. J Immunol 2008 180 5067-5074
    • (2008) J Immunol , vol.180 , pp. 5067-5074
    • Youn, J.H.1    Oh, Y.J.2    Kim, E.S.3    Choi, J.E.4    Shin, J.S.5
  • 35
    • 30744462300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of lung injury and repair by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan
    • Jiang D, Liang J, Fan J et al. Regulation of lung injury and repair by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan. Nat Med 2005 11 1173-1179
    • (2005) Nat Med , vol.11 , pp. 1173-1179
    • Jiang, D.1    Liang, J.2    Fan, J.3
  • 37
    • 0037033364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligosaccharides of hyaluronan activate dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4
    • Termeer C, Benedix F, Sleeman J et al. Oligosaccharides of hyaluronan activate dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4. J Exp Med 2002 195 99-111
    • (2002) J Exp Med , vol.195 , pp. 99-111
    • Termeer, C.1    Benedix, F.2    Sleeman, J.3
  • 38
    • 0028220726 scopus 로고
    • Lactobacillus feeding reduces endotoxemia and severity of experimental alcoholic liver (disease)
    • Nanji A A., Khettry U, Sadrzadeh S M. Lactobacillus feeding reduces endotoxemia and severity of experimental alcoholic liver (disease). Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 205 243-247
    • (1994) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.205 , pp. 243-247
    • Nanji, A.A.1    Khettry, U.2    Sadrzadeh, S.M.3
  • 39
    • 0028796860 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics prevent liver injury in rats following long-term exposure to ethanol
    • Adachi Y, Moore L E., Bradford B U., Gao W, Thurman R G. Antibiotics prevent liver injury in rats following long-term exposure to ethanol. Gastroenterology 1995 108 218-224
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108 , pp. 218-224
    • Adachi, Y.1    Moore, L.E.2    Bradford, B.U.3    Gao, W.4    Thurman, R.G.5
  • 40
    • 0028108372 scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury
    • Adachi Y, Bradford B U., Gao W, Bojes H K., Thurman R G. Inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury. Hepatology 1994 20 453-460
    • (1994) Hepatology , vol.20 , pp. 453-460
    • Adachi, Y.1    Bradford, B.U.2    Gao, W.3    Bojes, H.K.4    Thurman, R.G.5
  • 41
    • 0037309589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Li Z, Yang S, Lin H et al. Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2003 37 343-350
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , pp. 343-350
    • Li, Z.1    Yang, S.2    Lin, H.3
  • 42
    • 70350075402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the development of fructose-induced hepatic steatosis in mice
    • Spruss A, Kanuri G, Wagnerberger S, Haub S, Bischoff S C., Bergheim I. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the development of fructose-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. Hepatology 2009 50 1094-1104
    • (2009) Hepatology , vol.50 , pp. 1094-1104
    • Spruss, A.1    Kanuri, G.2    Wagnerberger, S.3    Haub, S.4    Bischoff, S.C.5    Bergheim, I.6
  • 43
    • 0034809201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis by GdCl(3) treatment or dietary glycine
    • Rivera C A., Bradford B U., Hunt K J. et al. Attenuation of CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis by GdCl(3) treatment or dietary glycine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001 281 G200-G207
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.281
    • Rivera, C.A.1    Bradford, B.U.2    Hunt, K.J.3
  • 44
    • 13744255589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective depletion of macrophages reveals distinct, opposing roles during liver injury and repair
    • Duffield J S., Forbes S J., Constandinou C M. et al. Selective depletion of macrophages reveals distinct, opposing roles during liver injury and repair. J Clin Invest 2005 115 56-65
    • (2005) J Clin Invest , vol.115 , pp. 56-65
    • Duffield, J.S.1    Forbes, S.J.2    Constandinou, C.M.3
  • 45
    • 0034070414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kupffer cell activation by lipopolysaccharide in rats: Role for lipopolysaccharide binding protein and toll-like receptor 4
    • Su G L., Klein R D., Aminlari A et al. Kupffer cell activation by lipopolysaccharide in rats: role for lipopolysaccharide binding protein and toll-like receptor 4. Hepatology 2000 31 932-936
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.31 , pp. 932-936
    • Su, G.L.1    Klein, R.D.2    Aminlari, A.3
  • 46
    • 0035865249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-18 secretion from murine Kupffer cells independently of myeloid differentiation factor 88 that is critically involved in induction of production of IL-12 and IL-1beta
    • Seki E, Tsutsui H, Nakano H et al. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-18 secretion from murine Kupffer cells independently of myeloid differentiation factor 88 that is critically involved in induction of production of IL-12 and IL-1beta. J Immunol 2001 166 2651-2657
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 2651-2657
    • Seki, E.1    Tsutsui, H.2    Nakano, H.3
  • 47
    • 0033179531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of macrophage chemokine expression by lipopolysaccharide in vitro and in vivo
    • Kopydlowski K M., Salkowski C A., Cody M J. et al. Regulation of macrophage chemokine expression by lipopolysaccharide in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol 1999 163 1537-1544
    • (1999) J Immunol , vol.163 , pp. 1537-1544
    • Kopydlowski, K.M.1    Salkowski, C.A.2    Cody, M.J.3
  • 48
    • 0031859333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LPS receptor CD14 participates in release of TNF-alpha in RAW 264.7 and peritoneal cells but not in Kupffer cells
    • Lichtman S N., Wang J, Lemasters J J. LPS receptor CD14 participates in release of TNF-alpha in RAW 264.7 and peritoneal cells but not in Kupffer cells. Am J Physiol 1998 275 (1 Pt 1) G39-G46
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275 , Issue.1 PART 1
    • Lichtman, S.N.1    Wang, J.2    Lemasters, J.J.3
  • 50
    • 2442652487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HSP60 and CpG-DNA-oligonucleotides differentially regulate LPS-tolerance of hepatic Kupffer cells
    • Schuchmann M, Hermann F, Herkel J, van der Zee R, Galle P R., Lohse A W. HSP60 and CpG-DNA-oligonucleotides differentially regulate LPS-tolerance of hepatic Kupffer cells. Immunol Lett 2004 93 199-204
    • (2004) Immunol Lett , vol.93 , pp. 199-204
    • Schuchmann, M.1    Hermann, F.2    Herkel, J.3    Van Der Zee, R.4    Galle, P.R.5    Lohse, A.W.6
  • 51
    • 0024207738 scopus 로고
    • Cellular and subcellular distribution of injected lipopolysaccharide in rat liver and its inactivation by bile salts
    • Van Bossuyt H, De Zanger R B., Wisse E. Cellular and subcellular distribution of injected lipopolysaccharide in rat liver and its inactivation by bile salts. J Hepatol 1988 7 325-337
    • (1988) J Hepatol , vol.7 , pp. 325-337
    • Van Bossuyt, H.1    De Zanger, R.B.2    Wisse, E.3
  • 52
    • 0024543089 scopus 로고
    • Clearance of gut-derived endotoxins by the liver. Release and modification of 3H, 14C-lipopolysaccharide by isolated rat Kupffer cells
    • Fox E S., Thomas P, Broitman S A. Clearance of gut-derived endotoxins by the liver. Release and modification of 3H, 14C-lipopolysaccharide by isolated rat Kupffer cells. Gastroenterology 1989 96 (2 Pt 1) 456-461
    • (1989) Gastroenterology , vol.96 , Issue.2 PART 1 , pp. 456-461
    • Fox, E.S.1    Thomas, P.2    Broitman, S.A.3
  • 53
    • 0028804229 scopus 로고
    • Role of hepatocytes in direct clearance of lipopolysaccharide in rats
    • Mimura Y, Sakisaka S, Harada M, Sata M, Tanikawa K. Role of hepatocytes in direct clearance of lipopolysaccharide in rats. Gastroenterology 1995 109 1969-1976
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.109 , pp. 1969-1976
    • Mimura, Y.1    Sakisaka, S.2    Harada, M.3    Sata, M.4    Tanikawa, K.5
  • 54
    • 34250315765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A host lipase detoxifies bacterial lipopolysaccharides in the liver and spleen
    • Shao B, Lu M, Katz S C. et al. A host lipase detoxifies bacterial lipopolysaccharides in the liver and spleen. J Biol Chem 2007 282 13726-13735
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 13726-13735
    • Shao, B.1    Lu, M.2    Katz, S.C.3
  • 55
    • 0037954044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TRAF6-NF-kappaB pathway is essential for interleukin-1-induced TLR2 expression and its functional response to TLR2 ligand in murine hepatocytes
    • Matsumura T, Degawa T, Takii T et al. TRAF6-NF-kappaB pathway is essential for interleukin-1-induced TLR2 expression and its functional response to TLR2 ligand in murine hepatocytes. Immunology 2003 109 127-136
    • (2003) Immunology , vol.109 , pp. 127-136
    • Matsumura, T.1    Degawa, T.2    Takii, T.3
  • 56
    • 0033779915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin and cytokine regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 gene expression in murine liver and hepatocytes
    • Matsumura T, Ito A, Takii T, Hayashi H, Onozaki K. Endotoxin and cytokine regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 gene expression in murine liver and hepatocytes. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2000 20 915-921
    • (2000) J Interferon Cytokine Res , vol.20 , pp. 915-921
    • Matsumura, T.1    Ito, A.2    Takii, T.3    Hayashi, H.4    Onozaki, K.5
  • 57
    • 35948954244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic stellate cells: Protean, multifunctional, and enigmatic cells of the liver
    • Friedman S L. Hepatic stellate cells: protean, multifunctional, and enigmatic cells of the liver. Physiol Rev 2008 88 125-172
    • (2008) Physiol Rev , vol.88 , pp. 125-172
    • Friedman, S.L.1
  • 58
    • 0038185316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 4 mediates inflammatory signaling by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in human hepatic stellate cells
    • Paik Y H., Schwabe R F., Bataller R, Russo M P., Jobin C, Brenner D A. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates inflammatory signaling by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in human hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology 2003 37 1043-1055
    • (2003) Hepatology , vol.37 , pp. 1043-1055
    • Paik, Y.H.1    Schwabe, R.F.2    Bataller, R.3    Russo, M.P.4    Jobin, C.5    Brenner, D.A.6
  • 59
    • 53149138198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-mobility group box 1 protein activates hepatic stellate cells in vitro
    • Kao Y H., Jawan B, Goto S et al. High-mobility group box 1 protein activates hepatic stellate cells in vitro. Transplant Proc 2008 40 2704-2705
    • (2008) Transplant Proc , vol.40 , pp. 2704-2705
    • Kao, Y.H.1    Jawan, B.2    Goto, S.3
  • 60
    • 70449355084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In liver fibrosis, dendritic cells govern hepatic inflammation in mice via TNF-alpha
    • Connolly M K., Bedrosian A S., Mallen-St Clair J et al. In liver fibrosis, dendritic cells govern hepatic inflammation in mice via TNF-alpha. J Clin Invest 2009 119 3213-3225
    • (2009) J Clin Invest , vol.119 , pp. 3213-3225
    • Connolly, M.K.1    Bedrosian, A.S.2    Mallen-St Clair, J.3
  • 61
    • 28244478101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple TLRs are expressed in human cholangiocytes and mediate host epithelial defense responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via activation of NF-kappaB
    • Chen X M., O'Hara S P., Nelson J B. et al. Multiple TLRs are expressed in human cholangiocytes and mediate host epithelial defense responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via activation of NF-kappaB. J Immunol 2005 175 7447-7456
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.175 , pp. 7447-7456
    • Chen, X.M.1    O'Hara, S.P.2    Nelson, J.B.3
  • 62
    • 14244252178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial translocation (BT) in cirrhosis
    • Wiest R, Garcia-Tsao G. Bacterial translocation (BT) in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005 41 422-433
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.41 , pp. 422-433
    • Wiest, R.1    Garcia-Tsao, G.2
  • 63
    • 0023627544 scopus 로고
    • Role of anaerobic flora in the translocation of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic intestinal bacteria
    • Wells C L., Maddaus M A., Reynolds C M., Jechorek R P., Simmons R L. Role of anaerobic flora in the translocation of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic intestinal bacteria. Infect Immun 1987 55 2689-2694
    • (1987) Infect Immun , vol.55 , pp. 2689-2694
    • Wells, C.L.1    Maddaus, M.A.2    Reynolds, C.M.3    Jechorek, R.P.4    Simmons, R.L.5
  • 64
    • 0026078067 scopus 로고
    • Plasma endotoxin concentrations in patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease: Reevaluation with an improved chromogenic assay
    • Fukui H, Brauner B, Bode J C., Bode C. Plasma endotoxin concentrations in patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease: reevaluation with an improved chromogenic assay. J Hepatol 1991 12 162-169
    • (1991) J Hepatol , vol.12 , pp. 162-169
    • Fukui, H.1    Brauner, B.2    Bode, J.C.3    Bode, C.4
  • 65
    • 0342699553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intestinal permeability to macromolecules and endotoxemia in patients with chronic alcohol abuse in different stages of alcohol-induced liver disease
    • Parlesak A, Schfer C, Schtz T, Bode J C., Bode C. Increased intestinal permeability to macromolecules and endotoxemia in patients with chronic alcohol abuse in different stages of alcohol-induced liver disease. J Hepatol 2000 32 742-747
    • (2000) J Hepatol , vol.32 , pp. 742-747
    • Parlesak, A.1    Schfer, C.2    Schtz, T.3    Bode, J.C.4    Bode, C.5
  • 67
    • 0028934072 scopus 로고
    • Endotoxemia in patients with chronic liver diseases: Relationship to severity of liver diseases, presence of esophageal varices, and hyperdynamic circulation
    • Lin R S., Lee F Y., Lee S D. et al. Endotoxemia in patients with chronic liver diseases: relationship to severity of liver diseases, presence of esophageal varices, and hyperdynamic circulation. J Hepatol 1995 22 165-172
    • (1995) J Hepatol , vol.22 , pp. 165-172
    • Lin, R.S.1    Lee, F.Y.2    Lee, S.D.3
  • 68
    • 0032446710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endotoxin in the hypermetabolic state after acute ethanol exposure
    • Rivera C A., Bradford B U., Seabra V, Thurman R G. Role of endotoxin in the hypermetabolic state after acute ethanol exposure. Am J Physiol 1998 275 (6 Pt 1) G1252-G1258
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275 , Issue.6 PART 1
    • Rivera, C.A.1    Bradford, B.U.2    Seabra, V.3    Thurman, R.G.4
  • 69
    • 0023896026 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of translocation rates of various indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph node
    • Steffen E K., Berg R D., Deitch E A. Comparison of translocation rates of various indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph node. J Infect Dis 1988 157 1032-1038
    • (1988) J Infect Dis , vol.157 , pp. 1032-1038
    • Steffen, E.K.1    Berg, R.D.2    Deitch, E.A.3
  • 70
    • 40149099357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure in cirrhosis
    • Tandon P, Garcia-Tsao G. Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure in cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 2008 28 26-42
    • (2008) Semin Liver Dis , vol.28 , pp. 26-42
    • Tandon, P.1    Garcia-Tsao, G.2
  • 71
    • 0025816799 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical markers of hepatic fibrosis
    • Plebani M, Burlina A. Biochemical markers of hepatic fibrosis. Clin Biochem 1991 24 219-239
    • (1991) Clin Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 219-239
    • Plebani, M.1    Burlina, A.2
  • 73
    • 0017864453 scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin and the liver. III. Modification of acute carbon tetrachloride injury by polymyxin ban antiendotoxin
    • Nolan J P., Leibowitz A I. Endotoxin and the liver. III. Modification of acute carbon tetrachloride injury by polymyxin ban antiendotoxin. Gastroenterology 1978 75 445-449
    • (1978) Gastroenterology , vol.75 , pp. 445-449
    • Nolan, J.P.1    Leibowitz, A.I.2
  • 74
    • 0029057032 scopus 로고
    • Experimental biliary fibrosis correlates with increased numbers of fat-storing and Kupffer cells, and portal endotoxemia
    • Grinko I, Geerts A, Wisse E. Experimental biliary fibrosis correlates with increased numbers of fat-storing and Kupffer cells, and portal endotoxemia. J Hepatol 1995 23 449-458
    • (1995) J Hepatol , vol.23 , pp. 449-458
    • Grinko, I.1    Geerts, A.2    Wisse, E.3
  • 75
    • 0030808419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of plasma endotoxin levels in patients with cirrhosis
    • Chan C C., Hwang S J., Lee F Y. et al. Prognostic value of plasma endotoxin levels in patients with cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997 32 942-946
    • (1997) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.32 , pp. 942-946
    • Chan, C.C.1    Hwang, S.J.2    Lee, F.Y.3
  • 78
    • 33646862383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LPS signaling enhances hepatic fibrogenesis caused by experimental cholestasis in mice
    • Isayama F, Hines I N., Kremer M et al. LPS signaling enhances hepatic fibrogenesis caused by experimental cholestasis in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006 290 G1318-G1328
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.290
    • Isayama, F.1    Hines, I.N.2    Kremer, M.3
  • 79
    • 77955008528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut-derived bacterial products drive progression of liver fibrosis in mdr2/mice: Involvement of LPS and TLR4
    • Poelstra K, Popov Y, Sverdlov D Y., Sharma A, Schuppan D. Gut-derived bacterial products drive progression of liver fibrosis in mdr2/mice: Involvement of LPS and TLR4. Hepatology 2009 50 819A
    • (2009) Hepatology , vol.50
    • Poelstra, K.1    Popov, Y.2    Sverdlov, D.Y.3    Sharma, A.4    Schuppan, D.5
  • 80
    • 36348997503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptotic hepatocyte DNA inhibits hepatic stellate cell chemotaxis via toll-like receptor 9
    • Watanabe A, Hashmi A, Gomes D A. et al. Apoptotic hepatocyte DNA inhibits hepatic stellate cell chemotaxis via toll-like receptor 9. Hepatology 2007 46 1509-1518
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , pp. 1509-1518
    • Watanabe, A.1    Hashmi, A.2    Gomes, D.A.3
  • 81
    • 52949125148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of TLR9 in hepatic stellate cells and experimental liver fibrosis
    • Gabele E, Muhlbauer M, Dorn C et al. Role of TLR9 in hepatic stellate cells and experimental liver fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008 376 (2) 271-276
    • (2008) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.376 , Issue.2 , pp. 271-276
    • Gabele, E.1    Muhlbauer, M.2    Dorn, C.3
  • 82
    • 68849118799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCR1 and CCR5 promote hepatic fibrosis in mice
    • Seki E, De Minicis S, Gwak G Y. et al. CCR1 and CCR5 promote hepatic fibrosis in mice. J Clin Invest 2009 119 1858-1870
    • (2009) J Clin Invest , vol.119 , pp. 1858-1870
    • Seki, E.1    De Minicis, S.2    Gwak, G.Y.3
  • 83
    • 34548301514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 7 gene signature identifies the risk of developing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C
    • Huang H, Shiffman M L., Friedman S et al. A 7 gene signature identifies the risk of developing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2007 46 297-306
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , pp. 297-306
    • Huang, H.1    Shiffman, M.L.2    Friedman, S.3
  • 84
    • 69949156901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple variants in toll-like receptor 4 gene modulate risk of liver fibrosis in Caucasians with chronic hepatitis C infection
    • Li Y, Chang M, Abar O et al. Multiple variants in toll-like receptor 4 gene modulate risk of liver fibrosis in Caucasians with chronic hepatitis C infection. J Hepatol 2009 51 750-757
    • (2009) J Hepatol , vol.51 , pp. 750-757
    • Li, Y.1    Chang, M.2    Abar, O.3
  • 85
    • 42149185688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of endotoxin receptor CD14 and TLR4 gene variants in chronic liver disease
    • Von Hahn T, Halangk J, Witt H et al. Relevance of endotoxin receptor CD14 and TLR4 gene variants in chronic liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008 43 584-592
    • (2008) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.43 , pp. 584-592
    • Von Hahn, T.1    Halangk, J.2    Witt, H.3
  • 86
    • 63349103768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional linkage of cirrhosis-predictive single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-like receptor 4 to hepatic stellate cell responses
    • Guo J, Loke J, Zheng F et al. Functional linkage of cirrhosis-predictive single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-like receptor 4 to hepatic stellate cell responses. Hepatology 2009 49 960-968
    • (2009) Hepatology , vol.49 , pp. 960-968
    • Guo, J.1    Loke, J.2    Zheng, F.3
  • 87
    • 0021352090 scopus 로고
    • The leaky gut of alcoholism: Possible route of entry for toxic compounds
    • Bjarnason I, Peters T J., Wise R J. The leaky gut of alcoholism: possible route of entry for toxic compounds. Lancet 1984 1 179-182
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 179-182
    • Bjarnason, I.1    Peters, T.J.2    Wise, R.J.3
  • 88
    • 0020631480 scopus 로고
    • Effect of alcohol on the integrity of the intestinal epithelium
    • Draper L R., Gyure L A., Hall J G., Robertson D. Effect of alcohol on the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Gut 1983 24 399-404
    • (1983) Gut , vol.24 , pp. 399-404
    • Draper, L.R.1    Gyure, L.A.2    Hall, J.G.3    Robertson, D.4
  • 89
    • 0034950477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the mechanism of early alcohol-induced liver injury in mice
    • DOI 10.1053/jhep.2001.25350
    • Uesugi T, Froh M, Arteel G E., Bradford B U., Thurman R G. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the mechanism of early alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatology 2001 34 101-108 (Pubitemid 32591488)
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-108
    • Uesugi, T.1    Froh, M.2    Arteel, G.E.3    Bradford, B.U.4    Thurman, R.G.5
  • 90
    • 0027992143 scopus 로고
    • The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in acute endotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in ethanol-fed rats
    • Hansen J, Cherwitz D L., Allen J I. The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in acute endotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in ethanol-fed rats. Hepatology 1994 20 461-474
    • (1994) Hepatology , vol.20 , pp. 461-474
    • Hansen, J.1    Cherwitz, D.L.2    Allen, J.I.3
  • 91
    • 54449092214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The critical role of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in alcoholic liver disease is independent of the common TLR adapter MyD88
    • Hritz I, Mandrekar P, Velayudham A et al. The critical role of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in alcoholic liver disease is independent of the common TLR adapter MyD88. Hepatology 2008 48 (4) 1224-1231
    • (2008) Hepatology , vol.48 , Issue.4 , pp. 1224-1231
    • Hritz, I.1    Mandrekar, P.2    Velayudham, A.3
  • 92
    • 0033802236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease
    • Kono H, Rusyn I, Yin M et al. NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. J Clin Invest 2000 106 867-872
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.106 , pp. 867-872
    • Kono, H.1    Rusyn, I.2    Yin, M.3
  • 93
    • 0001513966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: Implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis
    • Yang S Q., Lin H Z., Lane M D., Clemens M, Diehl A M. Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997 94 2557-2562
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 2557-2562
    • Yang, S.Q.1    Lin, H.Z.2    Lane, M.D.3    Clemens, M.4    Diehl, A.M.5
  • 94
    • 32044438279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by pattern recognition receptors in mice: The role of toll-like receptors 2 and 4
    • Szabo G, Velayudham A, Romics L Jr, Mandrekar P. Modulation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by pattern recognition receptors in mice: the role of toll-like receptors 2 and 4. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2005 29 (11 Suppl) 140S-145S
    • (2005) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.29 , Issue.11 SUPPL.
    • Szabo, G.1    Velayudham, A.2    Romics, Jr.L.3    Mandrekar, P.4
  • 95
    • 34548272744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Rivera C A., Adegboyega P, van Rooijen N, Tagalicud A, Allman M, Wallace M. Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2007 47 571-579
    • (2007) J Hepatol , vol.47 , pp. 571-579
    • Rivera, C.A.1    Adegboyega, P.2    Van Rooijen, N.3    Tagalicud, A.4    Allman, M.5    Wallace, M.6
  • 96
    • 34347399563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance
    • Cani P D., Amar J, Iglesias M A. et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes 2007 56 1761-1772
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 1761-1772
    • Cani, P.D.1    Amar, J.2    Iglesias, M.A.3
  • 97
    • 48249125862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice
    • Cani P D., Bibiloni R, Knauf C et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes 2008 57 1470-1481
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 1470-1481
    • Cani, P.D.1    Bibiloni, R.2    Knauf, C.3
  • 98
    • 0034320252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased gastrointestinal ethanol production in obese mice: Implications for fatty liver disease pathogenesis
    • Cope K, Risby T, Diehl A M. Increased gastrointestinal ethanol production in obese mice: implications for fatty liver disease pathogenesis. Gastroenterology 2000 119 1340-1347
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.119 , pp. 1340-1347
    • Cope, K.1    Risby, T.2    Diehl, A.M.3
  • 99
    • 0035045382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and female gender increase breath ethanol concentration: Potential implications for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Nair S, Cope K, Risby T H., Diehl A M., Terence R H. Obesity and female gender increase breath ethanol concentration: potential implications for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2001 96 1200-1204
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 1200-1204
    • Nair, S.1    Cope, K.2    Risby, T.H.3    Diehl, A.M.4    Terence, R.H.5
  • 100
    • 20644468617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Lactobacillus supplementation with and without arginine on liver damage and bacterial translocation in an acute liver injury model in the rat
    • DOI 10.1002/hep.510250325
    • Adawi D, Kasravi F B., Molin G, Jeppsson B. Effect of Lactobacillus supplementation with and without arginine on liver damage and bacterial translocation in an acute liver injury model in the rat. Hepatology 1997 25 642-647 (Pubitemid 27106447)
    • (1997) Hepatology , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 642-647
    • Adawi, D.1    Behzad Kasravi, F.2    Molin, G.3    Jeppsson, B.4
  • 101
    • 34548757869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotic bacteria prevent hepatic damage and maintain colonic barrier function in a mouse model of sepsis
    • Ewaschuk J, Endersby R, Thiel D et al. Probiotic bacteria prevent hepatic damage and maintain colonic barrier function in a mouse model of sepsis. Hepatology 2007 46 841-850
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , pp. 841-850
    • Ewaschuk, J.1    Endersby, R.2    Thiel, D.3
  • 102
    • 34547657678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin- and D-galactosamine-induced liver injury improved by the administration of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and blueberry
    • Osman N, Adawi D, Ahrn S, Jeppsson B, Molin G. Endotoxin- and D-galactosamine-induced liver injury improved by the administration of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and blueberry. Dig Liver Dis 2007 39 849-856
    • (2007) Dig Liver Dis , vol.39 , pp. 849-856
    • Osman, N.1    Adawi, D.2    Ahrn, S.3    Jeppsson, B.4    Molin, G.5
  • 103
    • 2342580955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synbiotic modulation of gut flora: Effect on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis
    • Liu Q, Duan Z P., Ha D K., Bengmark S, Kurtovic J, Riordan S M. Synbiotic modulation of gut flora: effect on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2004 39 1441-1449
    • (2004) Hepatology , vol.39 , pp. 1441-1449
    • Liu, Q.1    Duan, Z.P.2    Ha, D.K.3    Bengmark, S.4    Kurtovic, J.5    Riordan, S.M.6
  • 104
    • 0037099390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early enteral supply of lactobacillus and fiber versus selective bowel decontamination: A controlled trial in liver transplant recipients
    • Rayes N, Seehofer D, Hansen S et al. Early enteral supply of lactobacillus and fiber versus selective bowel decontamination: a controlled trial in liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 2002 74 123-127
    • (2002) Transplantation , vol.74 , pp. 123-127
    • Rayes, N.1    Seehofer, D.2    Hansen, S.3
  • 105
    • 11844284850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supply of pre- and probiotics reduces bacterial infection rates after liver transplantationa randomized, double-blind trial
    • Rayes N, Seehofer D, Theruvath T et al. Supply of pre- and probiotics reduces bacterial infection rates after liver transplantationa randomized, double-blind trial. Am J Transplant 2005 5 125-130
    • (2005) Am J Transplant , vol.5 , pp. 125-130
    • Rayes, N.1    Seehofer, D.2    Theruvath, T.3
  • 106
    • 20844440555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of a probiotic VSL#3 on parameters of liver dysfunction in chronic liver diseases
    • Loguercio C, Federico A, Tuccillo C et al. Beneficial effects of a probiotic VSL#3 on parameters of liver dysfunction in chronic liver diseases. J Clin Gastroenterol 2005 39 540-543
    • (2005) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.39 , pp. 540-543
    • Loguercio, C.1    Federico, A.2    Tuccillo, C.3
  • 107
    • 63349101854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VSL#3 probiotic treatment attenuates fibrosis without changes in steatohepatitis in a diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis model in mice
    • Velayudham A, Dolganiuc A, Ellis M et al. VSL#3 probiotic treatment attenuates fibrosis without changes in steatohepatitis in a diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis model in mice. Hepatology 2009 49 989-997
    • (2009) Hepatology , vol.49 , pp. 989-997
    • Velayudham, A.1    Dolganiuc, A.2    Ellis, M.3
  • 108
    • 0029069926 scopus 로고
    • Effect of selective bowel decontamination with norfloxacin on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, translocation, and survival in an animal model of cirrhosis
    • Runyon B A., Borzio M, Young S, Squier S U., Guarner C, Runyon M A. Effect of selective bowel decontamination with norfloxacin on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, translocation, and survival in an animal model of cirrhosis. Hepatology 1995 21 1719-1724
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.21 , pp. 1719-1724
    • Runyon, B.A.1    Borzio, M.2    Young, S.3    Squier, S.U.4    Guarner, C.5    Runyon, M.A.6
  • 109
    • 13344277344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin reduces bacterial translocation in ascitic cirrhotic rats exposed to hemorrhagic shock
    • Llovet J M., Bartol R, Planas R et al. Selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin reduces bacterial translocation in ascitic cirrhotic rats exposed to hemorrhagic shock. Hepatology 1996 23 781-787
    • (1996) Hepatology , vol.23 , pp. 781-787
    • Llovet, J.M.1    Bartol, R.2    Planas, R.3
  • 110
    • 0036105276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of Lactobacillus spp. to prevent bacterial translocation in a rat model of experimental cirrhosis
    • Bauer T M., Fernndez J, Navasa M, Vila J, Rods J. Failure of Lactobacillus spp. to prevent bacterial translocation in a rat model of experimental cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2002 36 501-506
    • (2002) J Hepatol , vol.36 , pp. 501-506
    • Bauer, T.M.1    Fernndez, J.2    Navasa, M.3    Vila, J.4    Rods, J.5
  • 111
    • 34548487937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis delays hepatorenal syndrome and improves survival in cirrhosis
    • Fernndez J, Navasa M, Planas R et al. Primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis delays hepatorenal syndrome and improves survival in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2007 133 818-824
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.133 , pp. 818-824
    • Fernndez, J.1    Navasa, M.2    Planas, R.3
  • 112
    • 34548476217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pill a day can improve survival in patients with advanced cirrhosis
    • Runyon B A. A pill a day can improve survival in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2007 133 1029-1031
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.133 , pp. 1029-1031
    • Runyon, B.A.1
  • 113
    • 0037372661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of endotoxin response by e5564, a novel Toll-like receptor 4-directed endotoxin antagonist
    • Mullarkey M, Rose J R., Bristol J et al. Inhibition of endotoxin response by e5564, a novel Toll-like receptor 4-directed endotoxin antagonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003 304 1093-1102
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.304 , pp. 1093-1102
    • Mullarkey, M.1    Rose, J.R.2    Bristol, J.3
  • 114
    • 0036954040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of in vivo and ex vivo response to endotoxin by E5564, a synthetic lipid A analogue
    • Rossignol D P., Lynn M. Antagonism of in vivo and ex vivo response to endotoxin by E5564, a synthetic lipid A analogue. J Endotoxin Res 2002 8 483-488
    • (2002) J Endotoxin Res , vol.8 , pp. 483-488
    • Rossignol, D.P.1    Lynn, M.2
  • 115
    • 20844463064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A synthetic TLR4 antagonist has anti-inflammatory effects in two murine models of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Fort M M., Mozaffarian A, Stver A G. et al. A synthetic TLR4 antagonist has anti-inflammatory effects in two murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. J Immunol 2005 174 6416-6423
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.174 , pp. 6416-6423
    • Fort, M.M.1    Mozaffarian, A.2    Stver, A.G.3
  • 116
    • 33645097021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel cyclohexene derivative, ethyl (6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) sulfamoyl]cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate (TAK-242), selectively inhibits toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine production through suppression of intracellular signaling
    • Ii M, Matsunaga N, Hazeki K et al. A novel cyclohexene derivative, ethyl (6R)-6-[N-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)sulfamoyl]cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate (TAK-242), selectively inhibits toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine production through suppression of intracellular signaling. Mol Pharmacol 2006 69 1288-1295
    • (2006) Mol Pharmacol , vol.69 , pp. 1288-1295
    • Ii, M.1    Matsunaga, N.2    Hazeki, K.3
  • 117
    • 41149131096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TAK-242 selectively suppresses Toll-like receptor 4-signaling mediated by the intracellular domain
    • Kawamoto T, Ii M, Kitazaki T, Iizawa Y, Kimura H. TAK-242 selectively suppresses Toll-like receptor 4-signaling mediated by the intracellular domain. Eur J Pharmacol 2008 584 40-48
    • (2008) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.584 , pp. 40-48
    • Kawamoto, T.1    Ii, M.2    Kitazaki, T.3    Iizawa, Y.4    Kimura, H.5
  • 118
    • 34548496023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of TAK-242, a novel selective Toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction inhibitor, in mouse endotoxin shock model
    • Sha T, Sunamoto M, Kitazaki T, Sato J, Ii M, Iizawa Y. Therapeutic effects of TAK-242, a novel selective Toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction inhibitor, in mouse endotoxin shock model. Eur J Pharmacol 2007 571 231-239
    • (2007) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.571 , pp. 231-239
    • Sha, T.1    Sunamoto, M.2    Kitazaki, T.3    Sato, J.4    Ii, M.5    Iizawa, Y.6
  • 119
    • 50249108974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A TLR4/MD2 fusion protein inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling in hepatic stellate cells
    • Schnabl B, Brandl K, Fink M et al. A TLR4/MD2 fusion protein inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling in hepatic stellate cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008 375 210-214
    • (2008) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.375 , pp. 210-214
    • Schnabl, B.1    Brandl, K.2    Fink, M.3
  • 120
    • 34249677845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic targeting of innate immunity with Toll-like receptor agonists and antagonists
    • Kanzler H, Barrat F J., Hessel E M., Coffman R L. Therapeutic targeting of innate immunity with Toll-like receptor agonists and antagonists. Nat Med 2007 13 552-559
    • (2007) Nat Med , vol.13 , pp. 552-559
    • Kanzler, H.1    Barrat, F.J.2    Hessel, E.M.3    Coffman, R.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.