메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 386-395

Damage control: Unintended pregnancy in the United States military

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COST OF ILLNESS; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; FAMILY PLANNING; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; LEGAL ABORTION; MILITARY MEDICINE; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PREGNANCY; RISK FACTOR; SOLDIER; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES; UNPLANNED PREGNANCY;

EID: 77954906460     PISSN: 10731105     EISSN: 1748720X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2010.00497.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (14)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 74049102871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profile of the Military Community: 2006 Demographics
    • Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Military Community and Family Policy), Department of Defense, , last visited May 10, 2010). The Department of Defense defines active duty service branches as the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force. Reserve duty forces include the Department of Defense's Army National Guard, Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, Air National Guard and
    • Profile of the Military Community: 2006 Demographics. 2006, http://cs.mhf.dod.mil/content/dav/mhf/QOL-Library/Project%20Documents/MilitaryHOMEFRONT/Reports/2006%20Demographics.pdf, Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Military Community and Family Policy), Department of Defense, , last visited May 10, 2010). The Department of Defense defines active duty service branches as the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force. Reserve duty forces include the Department of Defense's Army National Guard, Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve. The figures above do not include the U.S. Coast Guard, which is under the Department of Homeland Security
    • (2006)
  • 2
    • 77954947711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 3
    • 47749144730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Adolescent Pregnancy in the US Military: What We Know and What We Need to Know,"
    • TRICARE Management Activity, Military Health System,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • Klein D A, Adelman W P. " Adolescent Pregnancy in the US Military: What We Know and What We Need to Know," Military Medicine 2008, 173(no. 7):658-665. http://www.tricare.mil/mybenefit/home/Prescriptions/Medications, TRICARE Management Activity, Military Health System,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2008) Military Medicine , vol.173 , Issue.7 , pp. 658-665
    • Klein, D.A.1    Adelman, W.P.2
  • 4
    • 84855622361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government Accountability Office, , September 2002,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02935.pdf, Government Accountability Office, , September 2002,, last visited May 3, 2010
  • 5
    • 84855626964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HOOAH 4 Health, A Guide to Female Soldier's Readiness, Technical Guide 281
    • U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, , last visited May 3, 2010 S
    • HOOAH 4 Health, A Guide to Female Soldier's Readiness, Technical Guide 281. September 2006, http://www.hooah4health.com/deployment/femreadiness.htm, U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, , last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2006)
  • 6
    • 77954916566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
  • 7
    • 77954914346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
  • 8
    • 84855626721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Army Regulation 635-200, Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations
    • Department of the Army, at 70,, last visited May 3, 2010 D 19,
    • Army Regulation 635-200, Active Duty Enlisted Administrative Separations. December 19, 2003, http://www.sdmcp.org/Regs/armyenlistedseps.pdf, Department of the Army, at 70,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2003)
  • 9
    • 0031828530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Unintended Pregnancy Among Female Soldiers Presenting for Prenatal Care at Madigan Army Medical Center,"
    • L. B. Finer and S. K. Henshaw, " Disparities in Rates of Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001," 28, no. 2 (2006): 90-96; A. S. Robbins, S. Y. Chao, L. Z. Frost, and V. P. Fonseca, " Unplanned Pregnancy Among Active Duty Servicewomen, US Air Force 2001," 170, no. 1 (2005): 38
    • Clark J B, Holt V L, Miser F. " Unintended Pregnancy Among Female Soldiers Presenting for Prenatal Care at Madigan Army Medical Center," Military Medicine 1998, 163(no. 7):444-448. L. B. Finer and S. K. Henshaw, " Disparities in Rates of Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001," 28, no. 2 (2006): 90-96; A. S. Robbins, S. Y. Chao, L. Z. Frost, and V. P. Fonseca, " Unplanned Pregnancy Among Active Duty Servicewomen, US Air Force 2001," 170, no. 1 (2005): 38-43.
    • (1998) Military Medicine , vol.163 , Issue.7 , pp. 444-448
    • Clark, J.B.1    Holt, V.L.2    Miser, F.3
  • 10
    • 84855616863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Military Sexual Health Indicators
    • Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center: Sexual Health and Responsibility Program (SHARP), available at, last visited May 10, 2010
    • Military Sexual Health Indicators. http://www-nehc.med.navy.mil/downloads/healthyliv/sexualhealth/planned_navy.pdf, Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center: Sexual Health and Responsibility Program (SHARP), available at, last visited May 10, 2010
  • 11
    • 47749144730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Adolescent Pregnancy in the US Military: What We Know and What We Need to Know,"
    • Klein D A, Adelman W P. " Adolescent Pregnancy in the US Military: What We Know and What We Need to Know," Military Medicine 2008, 173(no. 7):658-665.
    • (2008) Military Medicine , vol.173 , Issue.7 , pp. 658-665
    • Klein, D.A.1    Adelman, W.P.2
  • 12
    • 84855635296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " At War: General Backs Off Court-Martial Threat for Pregnant Soldiers,": The New York Times
    • last visited May 10, 2010 D 22,
    • Dao J. " At War: General Backs Off Court-Martial Threat for Pregnant Soldiers,": The New York Times. December 22, 2009, http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/22/general-backs-off-court-martial-threat-for-pregnant-soldiers/?emc=eta1, last visited May 10, 2010
    • (2009)
    • Dao, J.1
  • 13
    • 77954926205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Government Accountability Office, note 4.
    • See Government Accountability Office, note 4.
  • 14
    • 0026513332 scopus 로고
    • " An Analysis of Gynecological Problems Presenting to an Evacuation Hospital During Operation Desert Storm,"
    • Hanna J H. " An Analysis of Gynecological Problems Presenting to an Evacuation Hospital During Operation Desert Storm," Military Medicine 1992, 157(no. 5):222-224.
    • (1992) Military Medicine , vol.157 , Issue.5 , pp. 222-224
    • Hanna, J.H.1
  • 15
    • 77954902888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Government Accountability Office, note 4.
    • See Government Accountability Office, note 4.
  • 16
    • 0032970440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Knowledge and Use of Birth Control Methods in Active Duty Army Enlisted Medical Trainees,"
    • Battista R M, Creedon J F, Salyor S W. " Knowledge and Use of Birth Control Methods in Active Duty Army Enlisted Medical Trainees," Military Medicine 1999, 164(no. 6):407-409.
    • (1999) Military Medicine , vol.164 , Issue.6 , pp. 407-409
    • Battista, R.M.1    Creedon, J.F.2    Salyor, S.W.3
  • 17
    • 77954925515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Clark et al., Finer and Henshaw, and Robbins et al., note 9.
    • See Clark et al., Finer and Henshaw, and Robbins et al., note 9.
  • 18
    • 77954903177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
  • 19
    • 84935895255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual Estimates of the Resident Population by Sex and Selected Age Groups for the United States
    • U.S. Census Bureau, April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008 (NC-EST2008-02), available at, last visited May 10, 2010
    • Annual Estimates of the Resident Population by Sex and Selected Age Groups for the United States. http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/NC-EST2008-sa.html, U.S. Census Bureau, April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008 (NC-EST2008-02), available at, last visited May 10, 2010
  • 20
    • 77954904411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
  • 21
    • 84855622362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Military Community and Family Policy), Department of Defense, , 2006,, last visited May 10, 2010).; U.S. Census Bureau,, last visited May 10, 2010
    • http://cs.mhf.dod.mil/content/dav/mhf/QOL-Library/Project%20Documents/MilitaryHOMEFRONT/Reports/2006%20Demographics.pdf,http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/NCEST2008-sa.html, Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Military Community and Family Policy), Department of Defense, , 2006,, last visited May 10, 2010).; U.S. Census Bureau,, last visited May 10, 2010
  • 22
    • 77954908941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 23
    • 77954928338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 24
    • 77954932398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 25
    • 77954942030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 26
    • 77954930685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
  • 27
    • 0026101758 scopus 로고
    • " Unplanned Pregnancy among Active-Duty Army Females as a Readiness Issue,"
    • Borsay-Trindle L A, Pass C M, Gilzean S M. " Unplanned Pregnancy among Active-Duty Army Females as a Readiness Issue," Military Medicine 1991, 156(no. 2):82-86.
    • (1991) Military Medicine , vol.156 , Issue.2 , pp. 82-86
    • Borsay-Trindle, L.A.1    Pass, C.M.2    Gilzean, S.M.3
  • 28
    • 16844369783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Stat Series, no. 350, J. Wu, S. Meldrum, A. Dozier, N. Stanwood, and K. Fiscella, " Contraceptive Nonuse among US Women at Risk for Unplanned Pregnancy," 78, no. 4 (2008): 284-289
    • Mosher W D, Martinez G M, Chandra A, Abma J C, Wilson S J. " Use of Contraception and Use of Family Planning Services in the United States: 1982-2002," 2004, National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Stat Series, no. 350, J. Wu, S. Meldrum, A. Dozier, N. Stanwood, and K. Fiscella, " Contraceptive Nonuse among US Women at Risk for Unplanned Pregnancy," 78, no. 4 (2008): 284-289
    • (2004) " Use of Contraception and Use of Family Planning Services in the United States: 1982-2002,"
    • Mosher, W.D.1    Martinez, G.M.2    Chandra, A.3    Abma, J.C.4    Wilson, S.J.5
  • 30
    • 33744502653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Women's Health Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Survey of Camps with Echelon I or II Facilities,"
    • Thomson B A, Nielsen P E. " Women's Health Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Survey of Camps with Echelon I or II Facilities," Military Medicine 2006, 171(no. 3):216-219.
    • (2006) Military Medicine , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 216-219
    • Thomson, B.A.1    Nielsen, P.E.2
  • 31
    • 77954888624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 32
    • 84855619729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Ban on Sex for Soldiers in Afghanistan Lifted ... Sort Of,": Stars and Stripes
    • last visited May 3, 2010); S. Yevich, " Preventive Medicine and the Operation Plan," , last visited May 3, 2010); J. P. Abizaid, United States Central Command, Office of the Commander, Department of Defense, , March 13, 2006,, last visited May 3, 2010 M 15,
    • Brown D. " Ban on Sex for Soldiers in Afghanistan Lifted ... Sort Of,": Stars and Stripes. May 15, 2008, http://www.military.com/features/0,15240,167950,00.html?ESRC=dod.nl,http://www.bordeninstitute.army.mil/published_volumes/mpmvol1/pm1ch13.pdf,http://www.tac.usace.army.mil/deploymentcenter/tac_docs/GO-1B%20Policy.pdf, last visited May 3, 2010); S. Yevich, " Preventive Medicine and the Operation Plan," , Vol.1,, last visited May 3, 2010); J. P. Abizaid, United States Central Command, Office of the Commander, Department of Defense, , March 13, 2006,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2008) , vol.1
    • Brown, D.1
  • 33
    • 84855619729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Ban on Sex for Soldiers in Afghanistan Lifted ... Sort Of,": Stars and Stripes
    • last visited May 3, 2010); S. Yevich, " Preventive Medicine and the Operation Plan," , last visited May 3, 2010 M 15,
    • Brown D. " Ban on Sex for Soldiers in Afghanistan Lifted ... Sort Of,": Stars and Stripes. May 15, 2008, http://www.military.com/features/0,15240,167950,00.html?ESRC=dod.nl,http://www.bordeninstitute.army.mil/published_volumes/mpmvol1/pm1ch13.pdf, last visited May 3, 2010); S. Yevich, " Preventive Medicine and the Operation Plan," , Vol.1,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2008) , vol.1
    • Brown, D.1
  • 34
    • 84855622363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TRICARE Management Activity, Military Health System,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • http://www.tricare.mil/mybenefit/home/Prescriptions/Medications, TRICARE Management Activity, Military Health System,, last visited May 3, 2010
  • 35
    • 77954943813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 36
    • 77954941033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 37
    • 77954934217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
  • 39
    • 28544437412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Contraceptive Use
    • United Nations, April 2004,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • World Contraceptive Use. 2003, http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/contraceptive2003/wcu2003.htm, United Nations, April 2004,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2003)
  • 40
    • 77954946556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
  • 41
    • 38549160584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Challenges of Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Prevention Among Women in the U.S. Navy,"
    • D. Gehlbach, " Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Contraceptive Needs, Complications, and New Directions for Research," 6, no. 6 (1996): 355-358.
    • Duke M R, Ames G M. " Challenges of Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Prevention Among Women in the U.S. Navy," Qualitative Health Research 2008, 18(no. 2):244-253. D. Gehlbach, " Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Contraceptive Needs, Complications, and New Directions for Research," 6, no. 6 (1996): 355-358.
    • (2008) Qualitative Health Research , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 244-253
    • Duke, M.R.1    Ames, G.M.2
  • 42
    • 77954918893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
  • 43
    • 77954904078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Battista et al., note 16.
    • See Battista et al., note 16.
  • 44
    • 84855630831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FLW Regulation No. 350-13, Training: Trainee Conduct
    • U.S. Army Maneuver Support Center and Fort Leonard Wood Department of the Army Headquarters, Department of Defense, , last visited May 3, 2010 A 15,
    • Boatman J M, Dorko J J. FLW Regulation No. 350-13, Training: Trainee Conduct. August 15, 2002, http://www.wood.army.mil/doimspt/FLW%20Publications/r350-13.pdf, U.S. Army Maneuver Support Center and Fort Leonard Wood Department of the Army Headquarters, Department of Defense, , last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2002)
    • Boatman, J.M.1    Dorko, J.J.2
  • 45
    • 77954944832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
  • 46
    • 77954908263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 47
    • 33744502653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Women's Health Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Survey of Camps with Echelon I or II Facilities,"
    • C. Hawley-Bowland, " Selected Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Epidemiologic Overview of Common Gynecologic Disorders and First-Trimester Complications Among Active-Duty Women," 6, no. 6 (1996): 353-355.
    • Thomson B A, Nielsen P E. " Women's Health Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Survey of Camps with Echelon I or II Facilities," Military Medicine 2006, 171(no. 3):216-219. C. Hawley-Bowland, " Selected Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Epidemiologic Overview of Common Gynecologic Disorders and First-Trimester Complications Among Active-Duty Women," 6, no. 6 (1996): 353-355.
    • (2006) Military Medicine , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 216-219
    • Thomson, B.A.1    Nielsen, P.E.2
  • 48
    • 38549160584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Challenges of Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Prevention Among Women in the U.S. Navy,"
    • Duke M R, Ames G M. " Challenges of Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Prevention Among Women in the U.S. Navy," Qualitative Health Research 2008, 18(no. 2):244-253.
    • (2008) Qualitative Health Research , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 244-253
    • Duke, M.R.1    Ames, G.M.2
  • 49
    • 33846126583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy,"
    • C. Hawley-Bowland, " Selected Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Epidemiologic Overview of Common Gynecologic Disorders and First-Trimester Complications Among Active-Duty Women," 6, no. 6 (1996): 353-355; T. Luukkainen and J. Toivonen, " Levonorgestrel-Releasing IUD as a Method of Contracepti
    • Christopher L A, Miller L. " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy," Military Medicine 2007, 172(no. 1):9-16. C. Hawley-Bowland, " Selected Talks From the Forum on the Health of Women in the Military: Epidemiologic Overview of Common Gynecologic Disorders and First-Trimester Complications Among Active-Duty Women," 6, no. 6 (1996): 353-355; T. Luukkainen and J. Toivonen, " Levonorgestrel-Releasing IUD as a Method of Contraception with Therapeutic Properties," 52, no. 5 (1995): 269-276; B. A. Thomson and P. E. Nielsen, " Women's Health Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Survey of Camps with Echelon I or II Facilities," 171, no. 3 (2006): 216-219.
    • (2007) Military Medicine , vol.172 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-16
    • Christopher, L.A.1    Miller, L.2
  • 50
    • 33847695393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Changes in Weight with Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Subcutaneous Injection 104 mg/0.65 mL,"
    • Westhoff C, Jain J K, Milsom I, Ray A. " Changes in Weight with Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Subcutaneous Injection 104 mg/0.65 mL," Contraception 2007, 75(no. 4):261-267.
    • (2007) Contraception , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 261-267
    • Westhoff, C.1    Jain, J.K.2    Milsom, I.3    Ray, A.4
  • 51
    • 77954930542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
  • 52
    • 84855630227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " All Bases Required to Offer Morning-After Pill,": Army Times
    • last visited May 10, 2010 F 4,
    • Hefling K. " All Bases Required to Offer Morning-After Pill,": Army Times. February 4, 2010, http://www.armytimes.com/news/2010/02/ap_military_emergency_contraception_020410/, last visited May 10, 2010
    • (2010)
    • Hefling, K.1
  • 53
    • 77954894765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
    • See TRICARE, note 34.
  • 54
    • 84855616578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minutes of the Department of Defense Pharmacy and Therapeutics Executive Council Meeting
    • last visited May 3, 2010).; R. Maze, " Emergency Contraception Still Available," , 2007,, last visited May 3, 2010 M 2,
    • Remund D D, Egland T. Minutes of the Department of Defense Pharmacy and Therapeutics Executive Council Meeting. May 2, 2002, http://www.tricare.mil/Pharmacy/PT_Cmte/archives.htm,http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2007/04/military_emergency_contraceptives_070430w/, last visited May 3, 2010).; R. Maze, " Emergency Contraception Still Available," , 2007,, last visited May 3, 2010
    • (2002)
    • Remund, D.D.1    Egland, T.2
  • 55
    • 84855620274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last visited May 3, 2010
    • http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h110-206, last visited May 3, 2010
  • 56
    • 84855632982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Navy Memorandum, Prescribing, Dispensing, and Distribution of PlanB (Levonorgestrol)
    • last visited May 10, 2010 F 27,
    • Mateczun J M. U.S. Navy Memorandum, Prescribing, Dispensing, and Distribution of PlanB (Levonorgestrol). February 27, 2007, http://www.med.navy.mil/bumed/womenshealth/Training%20%20Resource%20Files/BUMED%20POLICY%20Plan%20B%20Feb07%20%282%29.pdf, last visited May 10, 2010
    • (2007)
    • Mateczun, J.M.1
  • 57
    • 77954914954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 58
    • 77954920822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Hefling, note 52.
    • See Hefling, note 52.
  • 59
    • 77954908939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
  • 60
    • 84855622364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Duke and Ames, note 48; L. A. Christopher and L. Miller, " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy," 172, no. 1 (2007): 9-16; M. Chung-Park, " Emergency Contraception Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Barriers Among Providers at a Military Treatment Facility,"
    • See Duke and Ames, note 48; L. A. Christopher and L. Miller, " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy," 172, no. 1 (2007): 9-16; M. Chung-Park, " Emergency Contraception Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Barriers Among Providers at a Military Treatment Facility," 173, no. 3 (2008): 305-312.
  • 61
    • 77954905046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Duke and Ames, note 48.
    • See Duke and Ames, note 48.
  • 62
    • 77954911721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 63
    • 77954948032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 64
    • 34249885307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " 'I'm Afraid We're Going to Have to Just Change Our Ways': Marriage, Motherhood, and Pregnancy in the Army Nurse Corps during the Vietnam War,"
    • Vuic K D. " 'I'm Afraid We're Going to Have to Just Change Our Ways': Marriage, Motherhood, and Pregnancy in the Army Nurse Corps during the Vietnam War," Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 2007, 32(no. 4):997-1022.
    • (2007) Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 997-1022
    • Vuic, K.D.1
  • 65
    • 77954950019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , at 1016
    • at 1016
  • 66
    • 84855624486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , 410 U.S.113 (1973),, last visited May 4, 2010); see Vuic, note 64
    • http://laws.findlaw.com/us/410/113.html, , 410 U.S.113 (1973),, last visited May 4, 2010); see Vuic, note 64
  • 67
    • 84855620275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , 1979 § 863, Pub L No 95-457, 92 Stat 1231, 1254 (1978); A. E. Crawford, " Under Siege: Freedom of Choice and the Statutory Ban on Abortions on Military Bases," 71, no. 4 (2004): 1549-1582
    • 1979 § 863, Pub L No 95-457, 92 Stat 1231, 1254 (1978); A. E. Crawford, " Under Siege: Freedom of Choice and the Statutory Ban on Abortions on Military Bases," 71, no. 4 (2004): 1549-1582
  • 68
    • 84855620945 scopus 로고
    • Department of Defense Policy Regarding Providing Non-Funded Abortions in Outside the Continental United States Military Medical Treatment Facilities, Memorandum for Secretaries of the Military Departments
    • W. Mayer, Department of Defense, , last visited May 4, 2010); R. Maze, " Senate Votes to End Ban on Overseas Abortions," , June 21, 2002,, last visited May 4, 2010).; see Crawford, note 67 J 21,
    • Department of Defense Policy Regarding Providing Non-Funded Abortions in Outside the Continental United States Military Medical Treatment Facilities, Memorandum for Secretaries of the Military Departments. June 21, 1988, http://www.tricare.mil/policy/memos/abortion.html,http://www.army-times.com/legacy/new/0-292925-976893.php, W. Mayer, Department of Defense, , last visited May 4, 2010); R. Maze, " Senate Votes to End Ban on Overseas Abortions," , June 21, 2002,, last visited May 4, 2010).; see Crawford, note 67
    • (1988)
  • 69
    • 84855639354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Senate Votes to End Ban on Overseas Abortions,": Army Times
    • last visited May 4, 2010); see Crawford, note 67 J 21,
    • Maze R. " Senate Votes to End Ban on Overseas Abortions,": Army Times. June 21, 2002, http://www.army-times.com/legacy/new/0-292925-976893.php, last visited May 4, 2010); see Crawford, note 67
    • (2002)
    • Maze, R.1
  • 70
    • 84855640217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996 § 738, Pub L No 104-106, 110 Stat 186, 384 (1996); see Maze, note 69; Crawford, note 67.
    • National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996 § 738, Pub L No 104-106, 110 Stat 186, 384 (1996); see Maze, note 69; Crawford, note 67.
  • 71
    • 84855624482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10 USC § 1093(b) (2000); see Crawford, note 67, at 1554.
    • 10 USC § 1093(b) (2000); see Crawford, note 67, at 1554.
  • 72
    • 77954913661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
    • See U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, note 5.
  • 73
    • 77954915908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Crawford, note 67.
    • See Crawford, note 67.
  • 74
    • 77954893161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
  • 75
    • 77954909885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , at 1571
    • at 1571
  • 76
    • 34447553039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task Force Report on Care for Victims of Sexual Assault
    • Department of Defense, , last visited May 10, 2010
    • Task Force Report on Care for Victims of Sexual Assault. 2004, http://www.defense.gov/News/May2004/d20040513SATFReport.pdf, Department of Defense, , last visited May 10, 2010
    • (2004)
  • 77
    • 84855640211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ; V. Skiba and C. Durham, " Challenges of Meeting New Department of Defense Sexual Assault Guidelines," 172, no. 8 (2007): iv-vi; S. Valente and C. Wight, " Military Sexual Trauma: Violence and Sexual Abuse," 172, no. 3 (2007): 259-265; C. Mullen, Washington Coalition of Sexu
    • http://www.wcsap.org/pdf/Connections%20Military.pdf,http://www.wcsap.org/pdf/Connections%20Military.pdf, ; V. Skiba and C. Durham, " Challenges of Meeting New Department of Defense Sexual Assault Guidelines," 172, no. 8 (2007): iv-vi; S. Valente and C. Wight, " Military Sexual Trauma: Violence and Sexual Abuse," 172, no. 3 (2007): 259-265; C. Mullen, Washington Coalition of Sexual Assault Programs, " Understanding Sexual Assault in the United States Military Culture," (Fall/Winter 2005): 10,, last visited May 4, 2010); J. J. Lumpkin, Washington Coalition of Sexual Assault Programs, " Military Sexual Assault Victims Faced Inconsistent System Treatment," (Fall/Winter 2005): 12,, last visited May 4, 2010
  • 78
    • 77954924498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See note 66.
    • See note 66.
  • 79
    • 77954949265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Casey, 505 US at 874.
    • Casey, 505 US at 874.
  • 80
    • 77954937400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Crawford, note 67, at 1564.
    • See Crawford, note 67, at 1564.
  • 81
    • 77954917544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , at 1570
    • at 1570
  • 82
    • 77954895128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Borsay-Trindle et al., note 27.
    • See Borsay-Trindle et al., note 27.
  • 83
    • 33745107633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Disparities in Rates of Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001,"
    • Finer L B, Henshaw S K. " Disparities in Rates of Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001," Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2006, 28(no. 2):90-96.
    • (2006) Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 90-96
    • Finer, L.B.1    Henshaw, S.K.2
  • 84
    • 77954898849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Crawford, note 67, at 1571.
    • See Crawford, note 67, at 1571.
  • 85
    • 49149103604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " The Potential of Long-Acting Contraception to Decrease Unintended Pregnancy,"
    • Speidel J J, Harper C C, Shields W C. " The Potential of Long-Acting Contraception to Decrease Unintended Pregnancy," Contraception 2008, 78(no. 3):197-200.
    • (2008) Contraception , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-200
    • Speidel, J.J.1    Harper, C.C.2    Shields, W.C.3
  • 86
    • 77954939404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
  • 87
    • 33846126583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy,"
    • Christopher L A, Miller L. " Women in War: Operational Issues of Menstruation and Unintended Pregnancy," Military Medicine 2007, 172(no. 1):9-16.
    • (2007) Military Medicine , vol.172 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-16
    • Christopher, L.A.1    Miller, L.2
  • 88
    • 0028847304 scopus 로고
    • " Levonorgestrel-Releasing IUD as a Method of Contraception with Therapeutic Properties,"
    • Luukkainen T, Toivonen J. " Levonorgestrel-Releasing IUD as a Method of Contraception with Therapeutic Properties," Contraception 1995, 52(no. 5):269-276.
    • (1995) Contraception , vol.52 , Issue.5 , pp. 269-276
    • Luukkainen, T.1    Toivonen, J.2
  • 89
    • 77954936722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
    • See Thomson and Nielsen, note 30.
  • 90
    • 33645520645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Strategies to Improve Adherence and Acceptability of Hormonal Methods of Contraception,": Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Art. No.:CD004317; T. E. Canto De Cetina, P. Canto, and M.O. Luna, " Effect of Counseling to Improve Compliance in Mexican Women Receiving Depot-Medroxy-progesterone Acetate," 63, no. 3 (2001): 143-146
    • Halpern V, Grimes D A, Lopez L M, Gallo M F. " Strategies to Improve Adherence and Acceptability of Hormonal Methods of Contraception,": Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006, (1). Art. No.:CD004317; T. E. Canto De Cetina, P. Canto, and M.O. Luna, " Effect of Counseling to Improve Compliance in Mexican Women Receiving Depot-Medroxy-progesterone Acetate," 63, no. 3 (2001): 143-146
    • (2006) , Issue.1
    • Halpern, V.1    Grimes, D.A.2    Lopez, L.M.3    Gallo, M.F.4
  • 91
    • 0037316937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Counseling in the Clinical Setting to Prevent Unintended Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Research Agenda,"
    • L. M. Lopez, M. Steiner, D. A. Grimes, and K. F. Schulz, " Strategies for Communicating Contraceptive Effectiveness," 2008(2): Art. No.:CD006964; D. Kirby, " The Impact of Programs to Increase Contraceptive Use among Adult Women: A Review of Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies," 40, no. 1 (2008): 34thomam
    • Moos M, Bartholomew N E, Lohr K N. " Counseling in the Clinical Setting to Prevent Unintended Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Research Agenda," Contraception 2003, 67:115-132. L. M. Lopez, M. Steiner, D. A. Grimes, and K. F. Schulz, " Strategies for Communicating Contraceptive Effectiveness," 2008(2): Art. No.:CD006964; D. Kirby, " The Impact of Programs to Increase Contraceptive Use among Adult Women: A Review of Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies," 40, no. 1 (2008): 34-41.
    • (2003) Contraception , vol.67 , pp. 115-132
    • Moos, M.1    Bartholomew, N.E.2    Lohr, K.N.3
  • 92
    • 0037226681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Reducing Unintended Pregnancy in Young, Single Active Duty Women in an Overseas Environment,"
    • Hughes T C, Staren-Doby D. " Reducing Unintended Pregnancy in Young, Single Active Duty Women in an Overseas Environment," Military Medicine 2003, 168(no. 1):11-14.
    • (2003) Military Medicine , vol.168 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-14
    • Hughes, T.C.1    Staren-Doby, D.2
  • 93
    • 37249041497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Evaluation of a Pregnancy Prevention Programme Using the Contraceptive Behavior Change Model,"
    • Chung-Park M S. " Evaluation of a Pregnancy Prevention Programme Using the Contraceptive Behavior Change Model," Journal of Advanced Nursing 2008, 61(no. 1):81-91.
    • (2008) Journal of Advanced Nursing , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-91
    • Chung-Park, M.S.1
  • 94
    • 33845957772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Population Effect of Increased Access to Emergency Contraceptive Pills: A Systematic Review,"
    • Raymond E G, Trussell J, Polis C B. " Population Effect of Increased Access to Emergency Contraceptive Pills: A Systematic Review," Obstetrics & Gynecology 2007, 109(no. 1):181-188.
    • (2007) Obstetrics & Gynecology , vol.109 , Issue.1 , pp. 181-188
    • Raymond, E.G.1    Trussell, J.2    Polis, C.B.3
  • 95
    • 77954935154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Remund and Egland, and Maze, note 54.
    • See Remund and Egland, and Maze, note 54.
  • 96
    • 84855640213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Act of Sept 30, 1976 § 209, Pub L No 94-439, 90 Stat 1418, 1434.
    • Act of Sept 30, 1976 § 209, Pub L No 94-439, 90 Stat 1418, 1434.
  • 97
    • 77954914332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Maze, note 69.
    • See Maze, note 69.
  • 98
    • 84855624003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " Roll Call: House Nixes Military Abortions,"
    • " Roll Call: House Nixes Military Abortions," Human Events 2003, 59(no. 21):22.
    • (2003) Human Events , vol.59 , Issue.21 , pp. 22
  • 99
    • 77954909270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
    • See Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, note 1.
  • 100
    • 77954903960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Roll Call, note 99, at 1.
    • See Roll Call, note 99, at 1.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.