메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 633-652

Alcohol, drugs, caffeine, tobacco, and environmental contaminant exposure: Reproductive health consequences and clinical implications

Author keywords

Alcohol; environmental contaminants; fertility; reproductive; tobacco; toxicity

Indexed keywords

4,4' ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL; ALCOHOL; AMPHETAMINE; CAFFEINE; CANNABIS; CATECHOLAMINE; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE; COCAINE; DIAMORPHINE; ESTRADIOL; FOLLITROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; NARCOTIC AGENT; NICOTINE; OPIATE; PERFLUORO COMPOUND; PHENCYCLIDINE; PHTHALIC ACID; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER; PROLACTIN; SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN; TESTOSTERONE; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL;

EID: 77954885887     PISSN: 10408444     EISSN: 15476898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2010.493552     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (90)

References (280)
  • 1
    • 0024511677 scopus 로고
    • Efects of cocaine hydrochloride on reproductive function and sexual behavior of male rats and on the behavior of their ofspring
    • Abel EL, Moore C, Waselewsky D, Zajac C, Russell LD. (1989). Efects of cocaine hydrochloride on reproductive function and sexual behavior of male rats and on the behavior of their ofspring. J Androl 10:17-27.
    • (1989) J Androl , vol.10 , pp. 17-27
    • Abel, E.L.1    Moore, C.2    Waselewsky, D.3    Zajac, C.4    Russell, L.D.5
  • 3
    • 0020029228 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and the age at menopause
    • Adena MA, Gallagher HG. (1982). Cigarette smoking and the age at menopause. Ann Hum Biol 9:121-130.
    • (1982) Ann Hum Biol , vol.9 , pp. 121-130
    • Adena, M.A.1    Gallagher, H.G.2
  • 6
    • 79961202217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in semen quality in Jerusalem between 1990 and 2000: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study
    • Almagor M, Ivnitzki I, Yafe H, Baras M. (2003). Changes in semen quality in Jerusalem between 1990 and 2000: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Arch Androl 49:139-144.
    • (2003) Arch Androl , vol.49 , pp. 139-144
    • Almagor, M.1    Ivnitzki, I.2    Yafe, H.3    Baras, M.4
  • 7
    • 0020658634 scopus 로고
    • Te efects of marijuana extract and delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on luteal function in the rhesus monkey
    • Almirez RG, Smith CG, Asch RH. (1983). Te efects of marijuana extract and delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on luteal function in the rhesus monkey. Fertil Steril 39:212-217.
    • (1983) Fertil Steril , vol.39 , pp. 212-217
    • Almirez, R.G.1    Smith, C.G.2    Asch, R.H.3
  • 8
    • 0017889797 scopus 로고
    • Alterations of male reproduction induced by chronic ingestion of ethanol: Development of an animal model
    • Anderson RA, Beyler SA, Zanereld JD. (1978). Alterations of male reproduction induced by chronic ingestion of ethanol: Development of an animal model. Fertil Steril 30:103.
    • (1978) Fertil Steril , vol.30 , pp. 103
    • Anderson, R.A.1    Beyler, S.A.2    Zanereld, J.D.3
  • 9
    • 0033025093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of semen quality in north-eastern Spain: A study in 22759 infertile men over a 36 year period
    • Andolz P, Bielsa MA, Vila J. (1999). Evolution of semen quality in north-eastern Spain: A study in 22759 infertile men over a 36 year period. Hum Reprod 14:731-735.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , pp. 731-735
    • Andolz, P.1    Bielsa, M.A.2    Vila, J.3
  • 10
    • 38449117587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te link between environmental toxicant exposure and endometriosis
    • Anger DL, Foster WG. (2008). Te link between environmental toxicant exposure and endometriosis. Front Biosci 13:1578-1593.
    • (2008) Front Biosci , vol.13 , pp. 1578-1593
    • Anger, D.L.1    Foster, W.G.2
  • 11
    • 25844442052 scopus 로고
    • Te efect of alcohol on the reproductive tissue
    • Arlit AA, Wells MG. (1917). Te efect of alcohol on the reproductive tissue. J Exp Med 26:769.
    • (1917) J Exp Med , vol.26 , pp. 769
    • Arlit, A.A.1    Wells, M.G.2
  • 13
    • 0018373123 scopus 로고
    • Precoital single doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol block ovulation in the rabbit
    • Asch RH, Fernandez EO, Smith CG, Pauerstein CJ. (1979a). Precoital single doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol block ovulation in the rabbit. Fertil Steril 31:331.
    • (1979) Fertil Steril , vol.31 , pp. 331
    • Asch, R.H.1    Fernandez, E.O.2    Smith, C.G.3    Pauerstein, C.J.4
  • 14
    • 77954869296 scopus 로고
    • Efects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol the principle psychoactive component of marijuana in gonadal steroidogenesis in primates and rodents
    • Asch RH, Smith CG, Siler-Hohdr TM, Pauerstein CJ. (1979b). Efects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol the principle psychoactive component of marijuana in gonadal steroidogenesis in primates and rodents. Fertil Steril 32:497.
    • (1979) Fertil Steril , vol.32 , pp. 497
    • Asch, R.H.1    Smith, C.G.2    Siler-Hohdr, T.M.3    Pauerstein, C.J.4
  • 15
    • 0019382169 scopus 로고
    • Efects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol during the follicular phase of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)
    • Asch RH, Smith CG, Siler-Khodr TM, Pauerstein CJ. (1981). Efects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol during the follicular phase of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 52:50-55.
    • (1981) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.52 , pp. 50-55
    • Asch, R.H.1    Smith, C.G.2    Siler-Khodr, T.M.3    Pauerstein, C.J.4
  • 16
    • 0028918122 scopus 로고
    • Decline in semen quality among fertile men in Paris during the past 20 years
    • Auger J, Kunstmann JM, Czglik F, Jouannet P. (1995). Decline in semen quality among fertile men in Paris during the past 20 years. N Engl J Med 332:281-285.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 281-285
    • Auger, J.1    Kunstmann, J.M.2    Czglik, F.3    Jouannet, P.4
  • 18
    • 0016248373 scopus 로고
    • Efect of ethyl alcohol on plasma testosterone level in mice
    • Badr FM, Bartke A. (1974). Efect of ethyl alcohol on plasma testosterone level in mice. Steroids 23:921.
    • (1974) Steroids , vol.23 , pp. 921
    • Badr, F.M.1    Bartke, A.2
  • 19
    • 0022470403 scopus 로고
    • Constituents of cigarette smoke inhibit human granulosa cell aromatase
    • Barbieri RL, McShane PM, Ryan KJ. (1986). Constituents of cigarette smoke inhibit human granulosa cell aromatase. Fertil Steril 46:232-236.
    • (1986) Fertil Steril , vol.46 , pp. 232-236
    • Barbieri, R.L.1    McShane, P.M.2    Ryan, K.J.3
  • 20
    • 0001317206 scopus 로고
    • Te risk of conception on diferent days of menstrual cycle
    • Barrett JC, Marshall J. (1969). Te risk of conception on diferent days of menstrual cycle. Population Studies 23:455-461.
    • (1969) Population Studies , vol.23 , pp. 455-461
    • Barrett, J.C.1    Marshall, J.2
  • 21
    • 0024803025 scopus 로고
    • Semen quality in Norwegian men over a 20-year period
    • Bendvold E. (1989). Semen quality in Norwegian men over a 20-year period. Int J Fertil 34:401-406.
    • (1989) Int J Fertil , vol.34 , pp. 401-406
    • Bendvold, E.1
  • 22
    • 84907133735 scopus 로고
    • Depressed semen quality in Swedish men from barren couples: A study over three decades
    • Bendvold E, Gottlieb C, Bygdeman M, Eneroth P. (1991). Depressed semen quality in Swedish men from barren couples: A study over three decades. Arch Androl 26:189-194.
    • (1991) Arch Androl , vol.26 , pp. 189-194
    • Bendvold, E.1    Gottlieb, C.2    Bygdeman, M.3    Eneroth, P.4
  • 24
    • 0030051346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cryptorchidism: A nested case-control study
    • Berkowitz GS, Lapinski RH. (1996). Risk factors for cryptorchidism: A nested case-control study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 10:39-51.
    • (1996) Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol , vol.10 , pp. 39-51
    • Berkowitz, G.S.1    Lapinski, R.H.2
  • 26
    • 0017684767 scopus 로고
    • Te efect of marijuana (delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol) on the secretion of luteinizing hormone in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey
    • Besch NF, Smith CG, Besch PK, Kaufman RH. (1977). Te efect of marijuana (delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol) on the secretion of luteinizing hormone in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey. Am J Obstet Gvnecol 128:635.
    • (1977) Am J Obstet Gvnecol , vol.128 , pp. 635
    • Besch, N.F.1    Smith, C.G.2    Besch, P.K.3    Kaufman, R.H.4
  • 27
    • 0016270944 scopus 로고
    • Localization of the inhibitory actions of ovulation-block-ing drugs on release of luteinizing hormone in ovariectomized rats
    • Blake CA. (1974). Localization of the inhibitory actions of ovulation-block-ing drugs on release of luteinizing hormone in ovariectomized rats. Endocrinology 95:999.
    • (1974) Endocrinology , vol.95 , pp. 999
    • Blake, C.A.1
  • 28
    • 0020055653 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol-induced alterations in the morphology and function of the rat ovary
    • Bo WJ, Brucaer WA, Rudeen PK, Symmes SK. (1982). Ethanol-induced alterations in the morphology and function of the rat ovary. Anat Rec 202:255.
    • (1982) Anat Rec , vol.202 , pp. 255
    • Bo, W.J.1    Brucaer, W.A.2    Rudeen, P.K.3    Symmes, S.K.4
  • 29
    • 0029921587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking reduces fecundity: A European multicenter study on infertility and subfecundity. Te European Study Group on Infertility and Subfecundity
    • Bolumar F, Olsen J, Boldsen J. (1996). Smoking reduces fecundity: A European multicenter study on infertility and subfecundity. Te European Study Group on Infertility and Subfecundity. Am J Epidemiol 143:578-587.
    • (1996) Am J Epidemiol , vol.143 , pp. 578-587
    • Bolumar, F.1    Olsen, J.2    Boldsen, J.3
  • 31
    • 0020510967 scopus 로고
    • Has the fertility of Danish men declined through the years in terms of semen quality?
    • Bostofte E, Serup J, Rebbe H. (1983). Has the fertility of Danish men declined through the years in terms of semen quality? Int J Fertil 26:91-95.
    • (1983) Int J Fertil , vol.26 , pp. 91-95
    • Bostofte, E.1    Serup, J.2    Rebbe, H.3
  • 33
    • 0023876246 scopus 로고
    • Changes in rate and pattern of cafeine metabolism after cigarette abstinence
    • Brown CR, Jacob P 3rd, Wilson M, Benowitz NL. (1988). Changes in rate and pattern of cafeine metabolism after cigarette abstinence. Clin Pharmacol Ter 43:488-491.
    • (1988) Clin Pharmacol ter , vol.43 , pp. 488-491
    • Brown, C.R.1    Jacob Iii, P.2    Wilson, M.3    Benowitz, N.L.4
  • 34
    • 34547403058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure and postnatal glucose homeostasis: Identifying critical windows of exposure
    • Bruin JE, Kellenberger LD, Gerstein HC, Morrison KM, Holloway AC. (2007). Fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure and postnatal glucose homeostasis: Identifying critical windows of exposure. J Endocrinol 194:171-178.
    • (2007) J Endocrinol , vol.194 , pp. 171-178
    • Bruin, J.E.1    Kellenberger, L.D.2    Gerstein, H.C.3    Morrison, K.M.4    Holloway, A.C.5
  • 35
    • 0023142257 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and male fertility (preliminary report)
    • Brzek A. (1987). Alcohol and male fertility (preliminary report). Andrologia 19:32-36.
    • (1987) Andrologia , vol.19 , pp. 32-36
    • Brzek, A.1
  • 38
    • 0030026504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time series analysis of sperm concentration in fertile men in Toulouse France, between 1977 and 1992
    • Bujan L, Mansat A, Pontonnier F, Mieusset R. (1996). Time series analysis of sperm concentration in fertile men in Toulouse, France, between 1977 and 1992. BMJ 312:471-472.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 471-472
    • Bujan, L.1    Mansat, A.2    Pontonnier, F.3    Mieusset, R.4
  • 39
    • 0032879703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infuence of paternal exposure to oil and oil products on time to pregnancy and spontaneous abortions
    • Bull N, Riise T, Moen BE. (1999). Infuence of paternal exposure to oil and oil products on time to pregnancy and spontaneous abortions. Occup Med (Lond) 49:371-376.
    • (1999) Occup Med (Lond) , vol.49 , pp. 371-376
    • Bull, N.1    Riise, T.2    Moen, B.E.3
  • 41
    • 0028051553 scopus 로고
    • Re: "Association of delayed conception with cafeine consumption"
    • Caan B, Coates A. (1994). Re: "Association of delayed conception with cafeine consumption." Am J Epidemiol 140:663-665.
    • (1994) Am J Epidemiol , vol.140 , pp. 663-665
    • Caan, B.1    Coates, A.2
  • 42
    • 0031915415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diferences in fertility associated with cafeinated beverage consumption
    • Caan B, Quesenberry CP Jr, Coates AO. (1998). Diferences in fertility associated with cafeinated beverage consumption. Am J Public Health 88:270-274.
    • (1998) Am J Public Health , vol.88 , pp. 270-274
    • Caan, B.1    Quesenberry Jr., C.P.2    Coates, A.O.3
  • 43
    • 33846034383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal alcohol syndrome: Historical perspectives
    • Calhoun F, Warren K. (2007). Fetal alcohol syndrome: Historical perspectives. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 31:168-171.
    • (2007) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.31 , pp. 168-171
    • Calhoun, F.1    Warren, K.2
  • 44
    • 0026657024 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years
    • Carlsen E, Giwercman A, Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE. (1992). Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years. BMJ 305: 609-613.
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.305 , pp. 609-613
    • Carlsen, E.1    Giwercman, A.2    Keiding, N.3    Skakkebaek, N.E.4
  • 45
    • 0028786865 scopus 로고
    • Declining semen quality and increasing incidence of testicular cancer: Is there a common cause?
    • Carlsen E, Giwercman A, Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE. (1995). Declining semen quality and increasing incidence of testicular cancer: Is there a common cause? Environ Health Perspect 103(Suppl 7):137-139.
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 137-139
    • Carlsen, E.1    Giwercman, A.2    Keiding, N.3    Skakkebaek, N.E.4
  • 46
    • 0016588825 scopus 로고
    • Efect of acute delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol treatment on serum luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels in adult female rats
    • Chakravarty I, Sheth AR, Ghosh JJ. (1975). Efect of acute delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol treatment on serum luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels in adult female rats. Fertil Steril 26:947.
    • (1975) Fertil Steril , vol.26 , pp. 947
    • Chakravarty, I.1    Sheth, A.R.2    Ghosh, J.J.3
  • 47
    • 0018511735 scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on hypothalamo-pituitary function in adult female rats
    • Chakravarty I, Shah PG, Sheth A.R, Ghosh JJ. (1979). Mode of action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on hypothalamo-pituitary function in adult female rats. Reprod Fertil 57:113.
    • (1979) Reprod Fertil , vol.57 , pp. 113
    • Chakravarty, I.1    Shah, P.G.2    Sheth, A.R.3    Ghosh, J.J.4
  • 49
    • 67651119962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cafeinated and alcoholic beverage intake in relation to ovulatory disorder infertility
    • Chavarro JE, Rich-Edwards JW, Rosner BA, Willett WC. (2009). Cafeinated and alcoholic beverage intake in relation to ovulatory disorder infertility. Epidemiology 20:374-381.
    • (2009) Epidemiology , vol.20 , pp. 374-381
    • Chavarro, J.E.1    Rich-Edwards, J.W.2    Rosner, B.A.3    Willett, W.C.4
  • 50
    • 77954878361 scopus 로고
    • Comparison among diferent ovarian stimulation regimens for assisted procreation procedures in patients with endometriosis
    • Chedid S, Camus M, Smitz J, Van Steirteghem AC, Devroey P. ?1995). Comparison among diferent ovarian stimulation regimens for assisted procreation procedures in patients with endometriosis. Hum Reprod 10:2046-20451.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 2046-20451
    • Chedid, S.1    Camus, M.2    Smitz, J.3    Van Steirteghem, A.C.4    Devroey, P.5
  • 51
    • 0021220065 scopus 로고
    • Apparent doubling of frequency of undescended testis in England and Wales in 1962-81
    • Chilvers C, Pike MC, Forman D, Fogelman K, Wadsworth MEJ. (1984). Apparent doubling of frequency of undescended testis in England and Wales in 1962-81. Lancet 2:330-332.
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 330-332
    • Chilvers, C.1    Pike, M.C.2    Forman, D.3    Fogelman, K.4    Wadsworth, M.E.J.5
  • 53
    • 0025258447 scopus 로고
    • Infuence of chronic alcohol administration on representative indices of puberty and sexual maturation in male rats and the development of their progeny
    • Cicero TJ, Adams ML, O'Connor L, Nock B, Meyer ER, Wozniak D. (1990). Infuence of chronic alcohol administration on representative indices of puberty and sexual maturation in male rats and the development of their progeny. J Pharmacol Exp Ter 255:707-715.
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp ter , vol.255 , pp. 707-715
    • Cicero, T.J.1    Adams, M.L.2    O'Connor, L.3    Nock, B.4    Meyer, E.R.5    Wozniak, D.6
  • 55
    • 0016852145 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine efects of chronic administration of psychoactive drugs to prepuberal male rats
    • Collu R, Letarte J, Leboeuf G, Ducharme JR. (1975). Endocrine efects of chronic administration of psychoactive drugs to prepuberal male rats. Life Sci.16:533.
    • (1975) Life Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 533
    • Collu, R.1    Letarte, J.2    Leboeuf, G.3    Ducharme, J.R.4
  • 56
    • 40349083967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal tobacco use and its preimplantation efects on fertility: More reasons to stop smoking
    • Cooper AR, Moley KH. (2008). Maternal tobacco use and its preimplantation efects on fertility: More reasons to stop smoking. Semin Reprod Med 26:204-212.
    • (2008) Semin Reprod Med , vol.26 , pp. 204-212
    • Cooper, A.R.1    Moley, K.H.2
  • 58
    • 0032748621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active and passive smoking and the occurrence of natural menopause
    • Cooper GS, Sandler DP, Sohug M. (1999). Active and passive smoking and the occurrence of natural menopause. Epidemiology 10: 771-773.
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , pp. 771-773
    • Cooper, G.S.1    Sandler, D.P.2    Sohug, M.3
  • 60
    • 0016641684 scopus 로고
    • Plasma testosteone levels in healthy male marijuana smokers
    • Cushman P. (1975). Plasma testosteone levels in healthy male marijuana smokers. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2:269-275.
    • (1975) Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , vol.2 , pp. 269-275
    • Cushman, P.1
  • 61
    • 0028178185 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine abuse and reproduction
    • Das G. (1994). Cocaine abuse and reproduction. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ter 32:7-11.
    • (1994) Int J Clin Pharmacol ter , vol.32 , pp. 7-11
    • Das, G.1
  • 62
    • 0032054507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced ratio of male to female births in several industrial countries A sentinel health indicator?
    • Davis DL, Gottlieb MB, Stampnitzky JR. (1998). Reduced ratio of male to female births in several industrial countries. A sentinel health indicator? JAMA 279:1018-1023.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 1018-1023
    • Davis, D.L.1    Gottlieb, M.B.2    Stampnitzky, J.R.3
  • 63
    • 0029014296 scopus 로고
    • Ofspring sex ratio as an indicator of reproductive hazards associated with pesticides
    • de Cock J, Heederik D, Tielemans E, te Velde E, van Kooij R. (1995). Ofspring sex ratio as an indicator of reproductive hazards associated with pesticides. Occup Environ Med 52:429-430.
    • (1995) Occup Environ Med , vol.52 , pp. 429-430
    • De Cock, J.1    Heederik, D.2    Tielemans, E.3    Te Velde, E.4    Van Kooij, R.5
  • 65
    • 0023758414 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the relation between smoking and fertility
    • de Mouzon J, Spira A, Schwartz D. (1988). A prospective study of the relation between smoking and fertility. Int J Epidemiol 17:378-384.
    • (1988) Int J Epidemiol , vol.17 , pp. 378-384
    • De Mouzon, J.1    Spira, A.2    Schwartz, D.3
  • 66
    • 85007754933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining sperm count Semen quality has declined among men born in France since 1950
    • discussion 44-45
    • de Mouzon J, Tonneau P, Spira A, Multigner L. (1996). Declining sperm count. Semen quality has declined among men born in France since 1950. BMJ 313:43; discussion 44-45.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.313 , pp. 43
    • De Mouzon, J.1    Tonneau, P.2    Spira, A.3    Multigner, L.4
  • 67
    • 0016489105 scopus 로고
    • Efects of cannabis extract on the response of accessory sex organs of adult male mice to testosterone Ind
    • Dixit VP, Lohiya NK. (1975). Efects of cannabis extract on the response of accessory sex organs of adult male mice to testosterone Ind. J Physiol Pharmacol 19:98.
    • (1975) J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 98
    • Dixit, V.P.1    Lohiya, N.K.2
  • 68
    • 0015981867 scopus 로고
    • Te efect of chronically administered cannabis extract on the testicular function of mice
    • Dixit VP, Sharma VN, Lohiya NK. (1974). Te efect of chronically administered cannabis extract on the testicular function of mice. Eur J Pharmacol 26:111.
    • (1974) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 111
    • Dixit, V.P.1    Sharma, V.N.2    Lohiya, N.K.3
  • 69
    • 0017227819 scopus 로고
    • Efects of a single ethanol injection into the vas deferens on the testicular function in rats
    • Dixit VP, Agarwal M, Lohiya NK. (1983). Efects of a single ethanol injection into the vas deferens on the testicular function in rats. Endokrinologie 67:8-13.
    • (1983) Endokrinologie , vol.67 , pp. 8-13
    • Dixit, V.P.1    Agarwal, M.2    Lohiya, N.K.3
  • 70
    • 0027052246 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive efects of cafeine: A review and theoretical analysis
    • Dlugosz L, Bracken MB. (1992). Reproductive efects of cafeine: A review and theoretical analysis. Epidemiol Rev 14:83-100.
    • (1992) Epidemiol Rev , vol.14 , pp. 83-100
    • Dlugosz, L.1    Bracken, M.B.2
  • 71
    • 0013793044 scopus 로고
    • Zur Frage der Keimschadigung im akuten Rausch
    • Doepfmer R, Hinckers HJ. (1965). Zur Frage der Keimschadigung im akuten Rausch. Z Haut Geschlechtskr 39:94.
    • (1965) Z Haut Geschlechtskr , vol.39 , pp. 94
    • Doepfmer, R.1    Hinckers, H.J.2
  • 72
    • 0030480314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peritoneal endometriosis and 'endometriotic' nodules of the rectovaginal septum are two different entities
    • Donnez J, Nisolle M, Smoes P, Gillet N, Beguin S, Casanas-Roux F. (1996). Peritoneal endometriosis and "endometriotic" nodules of the rectovaginal septum are two diferent entities. Fertil Steril 66:362-368. (Pubitemid 27009872)
    • (1996) Fertility and Sterility , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 362-368
    • Donnez, J.1    Nisolle, M.2    Smoes, P.3    Gillet, N.4    Beguin, S.5    Casanas-Roux, F.6
  • 76
    • 1842484141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dioxin/polychlorinated biphenyl body burden diabetes and endometriosis: Findings in a population-based study in Belgium
    • Fierens S, Mairesse H, Heilier J.F, De Burbure C, Focant J.F, Eppe G, De Pauw E, Bernard A. (2003). Dioxin/polychlorinated biphenyl body burden diabetes and endometriosis: Findings in a population-based study in Belgium. Biomarkers 8:529-534.
    • (2003) Biomarkers , vol.8 , pp. 529-534
    • Fierens, S.1    Mairesse, H.2    Heilier, J.F.3    De Burbure, C.4    Focant, J.F.5    Eppe, G.6    De Pauw, E.7    Bernard, A.8
  • 77
    • 0010230698 scopus 로고
    • Narcotic addiction in pregnancy
    • Niebyl JR ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger
    • Finnegan L P, Wapner RJ. (1988). Narcotic addiction in pregnancy. In: Niebyl JR, ed. Drug Use in Pregnancy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 203.
    • (1988) Drug Use in Pregnancy , pp. 203
    • Finnegan, L.P.1    Wapner, R.J.2
  • 78
    • 0029939323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen analysis in 1283 men from the United States over a 25-year period: No decline in quality
    • Fisch H, Golubof ET, Olson JH, Feldshuh J, Broder SJ, Barad DHB. (1996). Semen analysis in 1283 men from the United States over a 25-year period: No decline in quality. Fertil Steril 65:1009-1014.
    • (1996) Fertil Steril , vol.65 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Fisch, H.1    Golubof, E.T.2    Olson, J.H.3    Feldshuh, J.4    Broder, S.J.5    Barad, D.H.B.6
  • 79
    • 0028278208 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking alcohol consumption and cafeine intake and fecundability
    • Florack EI, Zielhuis GA, Rolland R. (1994). Cigarette smoking alcohol consumption and cafeine intake and fecundability. Prevent Med 23:175-80.
    • (1994) Prevent Med , vol.23 , pp. 175-80
    • Florack, E.I.1    Zielhuis, G.A.2    Rolland, R.3
  • 80
    • 0036221322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental contaminants and dietary factors in endometriosis
    • Foster WG, Agarwal SK. (2002). Environmental contaminants and dietary factors in endometriosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 955:213-29.
    • (2002) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.955 , pp. 213-29
    • Foster, W.G.1    Agarwal, S.K.2
  • 83
    • 77954883838 scopus 로고
    • Efects of cannabinoids on reproductive organs in the female Fisher rat
    • Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds New York: Pergarnon Press
    • Fujimoto GI, Kostellow AB, Rosenbaum R, Morrill GA, Bloch E. (1979). Efects of cannabinoids on reproductive organs in the female Fisher rat. In: Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds. Marijuana: Biological Efects. New York: Pergarnon Press, 441.
    • (1979) Marijuana: Biological Efects , pp. 441
    • Fujimoto, G.I.1    Kostellow, A.B.2    Rosenbaum, R.3    Morrill, G.A.4    Bloch, E.5
  • 84
    • 0030896887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between female infertility and agricultural work history
    • Fuortes L, Clark MK, Kirchner HL, Smith EM. (1997). Association between female infertility and agricultural work history. Am J Industr Med 31:445-451.
    • (1997) Am J Industr Med , vol.31 , pp. 445-451
    • Fuortes, L.1    Clark, M.K.2    Kirchner, H.L.3    Smith, E.M.4
  • 85
    • 26444508566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposure to nicotine causes postnatal obesity and altered perivas-cular adipose tissue function
    • Gao YJ, Holloway AC, Zeng ZH, Lim GE, Petrik JJ, Foster WG, Lee RM. (2005). Prenatal exposure to nicotine causes postnatal obesity and altered perivas-cular adipose tissue function. Obes Res 13:687-692.
    • (2005) Obes Res , vol.13 , pp. 687-692
    • Gao, Y.J.1    Holloway, A.C.2    Zeng, Z.H.3    Lim, G.E.4    Petrik, J.J.5    Foster, W.G.6    Lee, R.M.7
  • 88
    • 0029655370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efects of long-term cocaine exposure on spermatogenesis and fertility in peripubertal male rats
    • George VK, Li H, Teloken C, Grignon DJ, Lawrence WD, Dhabuwala CB. (1996). Efects of long-term cocaine exposure on spermatogenesis and fertility in peripubertal male rats. J Urol 155:327-331.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 327-331
    • George, V.K.1    Li, H.2    Teloken, C.3    Grignon, D.J.4    Lawrence, W.D.5    Dhabuwala, C.B.6
  • 89
    • 0027077659 scopus 로고
    • Fertility disorders may result from heavy metal and pesticide contamination which limits efectiveness of hormone therapy
    • Gerhard I, Runnebaum B. (1992). Fertility disorders may result from heavy metal and pes?icide contamination which limits efectiveness of hormone therapy. Zent Bl Gynakol 114:593-602.
    • (1992) Zent Bl Gynakol , vol.114 , pp. 593-602
    • Gerhard, I.1    Runnebaum, B.2
  • 90
    • 0019862658 scopus 로고
    • Investigations on the changes of sex ratio in Germany from 1826 up to 1978
    • Gilbert K, Danker H. (1981). Investigations on the changes of sex ratio in Germany from 1826 up to 1978. Acta Anthropogenet 5:89-110.
    • (1981) Acta Anthropogenet , vol.5 , pp. 89-110
    • Gilbert, K.1    Danker, H.2
  • 91
    • 0028031618 scopus 로고
    • Residence in the London area and sperm density
    • Ginsburg J, Okolo S, Prelevi G, Hardiman P. (1994). Residence in the London area and sperm density. Lancet 343:230.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 230
    • Ginsburg, J.1    Okolo, S.2    Prelevi, G.3    Hardiman, P.4
  • 92
    • 0026661096 scopus 로고
    • Te human testis\An organ at risk?
    • Giwercman A, Skakkebaek NE. (1992). Te human testis\An organ at risk? Int J Androl 15:373-375.
    • (1992) Int J Androl , vol.15 , pp. 373-375
    • Giwercman, A.1    Skakkebaek, N.E.2
  • 93
    • 0017079886 scopus 로고
    • Efect of alcohol (ethanol) administration on sex-horrnone metabolism in normal men
    • Gordon GG, Altman L, Southren AL, Rubin E, Lieber CS. (1976). Efect of alcohol (ethanol) administration on sex-horrnone metabolism in normal men. N Engl J Med 295:793.
    • (1976) N Engl J Med , vol.295 , pp. 793
    • Gordon, G.G.1    Altman, L.2    Southren, A.L.3    Rubin, E.4    Lieber, C.S.5
  • 94
    • 0018169134 scopus 로고
    • Te efects of alcoholic liver disease and alcohol ingestion on sex hormone levels
    • Gordon GG, Southren AL, Lieber CS. (1978). Te efects of alcoholic liver disease and alcohol ingestion on sex hormone levels. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2:259.
    • (1978) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.2 , pp. 259
    • Gordon, G.G.1    Southren, A.L.2    Lieber, C.S.3
  • 95
    • 52949085859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of a woman s smoking status on oocyte, zygote, and day 3 pre-embryo quality in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program
    • Gruber I, Just A, Birner M, Lösch A. (2008). Efect of a woman s smoking status on oocyte, zygote, and day 3 pre-embryo quality in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program. Fertil Steril 90:1249-1252.
    • (2008) Fertil Steril , vol.90 , pp. 1249-1252
    • Gruber, I.1    Just, A.2    Birner, M.3    Lösch, A.4
  • 96
    • 0031160385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors related to perinatal substance abuse in a California county
    • Gurnack AM, Paul W. (1997). Factors related to perinatal substance abuse in a California county. Percept Motor Skills 84(3 Pt 2):1403-1408.
    • (1997) Percept Motor Skills , vol.84 , Issue.3 PART 2 , pp. 1403-1408
    • Gurnack, A.M.1    Paul, W.2
  • 97
    • 0031751556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and cafeine consumption and decreased fertility
    • Hakim RB, Gray RH, Zacur H. (1998). Alcohol and cafeine consumption and decreased fertility. Fertil Steril 70:632-637.
    • (1998) Fertil Steril , vol.70 , pp. 632-637
    • Hakim, R.B.1    Gray, R.H.2    Zacur, H.3
  • 98
    • 0021282396 scopus 로고
    • Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis
    • Halme J, Hammond MG, Hulka JF. (1984). Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 64:151-154.
    • (1984) Obstet Gynecol , vol.64 , pp. 151-154
    • Halme, J.1    Hammond, M.G.2    Hulka, J.F.3
  • 99
    • 0027743406 scopus 로고
    • Association of delayed conception with cafeine consumption
    • Hatch EE, Bracken MB. (1993). Association of delayed conception with cafeine consumption. Am J Epidemiol 138:1082-92.
    • (1993) Am J Epidemiol , vol.138 , pp. 1082-92
    • Hatch, E.E.1    Bracken, M.B.2
  • 100
    • 1242306499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased serum polychlorobiphenyl levels in Belgian women with adenomyotic nodules of the rectovaginal septum
    • Heilier JF, Ha AT, Lison D, Donnez J, Tonglet R, Nackers F. (2004). Increased serum polychlorobiphenyl levels in Belgian women with adenomyotic nodules of the rectovaginal septum. Fertil Steril 81:456-458.
    • (2004) Fertil Steril , vol.81 , pp. 456-458
    • Heilier, J.F.1    Ha, A.T.2    Lison, D.3    Donnez, J.4    Tonglet, R.5    Nackers, F.6
  • 101
    • 23744476869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased dioxin-like compounds in the serum of women with peritoneal endometriosis and deep endometriotic (adenomyotic) nodules
    • Heilier JF, Nackers F, Verougstraete V, Tonglet R, Lison D, Donnez J. (2005). Increased dioxin-like compounds in the serum of women with peritoneal endometriosis and deep endometriotic (adenomyotic) nodules. Fertil Steril 84:305-312.
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.84 , pp. 305-312
    • Heilier, J.F.1    Nackers, F.2    Verougstraete, V.3    Tonglet, R.4    Lison, D.5    Donnez, J.6
  • 103
    • 39149118653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organochlorines and endometriosis: A mini-review
    • Heilier JF, Donnez J, Lison D. (2008). Organochlorines and endometriosis: A mini-review. Chemosphere 71:203-210.
    • (2008) Chemosphere , vol.71 , pp. 203-210
    • Heilier, J.F.1    Donnez, J.2    Lison, D.3
  • 105
    • 0003019493 scopus 로고
    • Changes in human spermatozoa associated with high dose marijuana smoking
    • Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds. Oxford: Pergamon Press
    • Hembree WC, Nahas GG, Zeidenberg P, Huang HFS. (1980). Changes in human spermatozoa associated with high dose marijuana smoking. In: Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds. Marijuana: Biological Efects. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 429.
    • (1980) Marijuana: Biological Efects , pp. 429
    • Hembree, W.C.1    Nahas, G.G.2    Zeidenberg, P.3    Huang, H.F.S.4
  • 107
    • 34250768102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endometriosis Among Women Exposed to Polybrominated Biphenyls
    • DOI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.11.005, PII S1047279707000579
    • Hofman CS, Small CM, Blanck HM, Tolbert P, Rubin C, Marcus M. (2007). Endometriosis among women exposed to polybrominated biphenyls. Ann Epidemiol 17:503-510. (Pubitemid 46950929)
    • (2007) Annals of Epidemiology , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 503-510
    • Hoffman, C.S.1    Small, C.M.2    Blanck, H.M.3    Tolbert, P.4    Rubin, C.5    Marcus, M.6
  • 108
    • 33847376343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal and neonatal exposure to nicotine disrupts ovarian function and fertility in adult female rats
    • Holloway AC, Kellenberger LD, Petrik JJ. (2006). Fetal and neonatal exposure to nicotine disrupts ovarian function and fertility in adult female rats. Endocrinology 30:213-216.
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.30 , pp. 213-216
    • Holloway, A.C.1    Kellenberger, L.D.2    Petrik, J.J.3
  • 110
    • 0021836795 scopus 로고
    • Efects of age cigarette smoking and other factors on fertility: Findings in a large prospective study
    • Howe G, Westhof C, Vessey M, Yeates D. (1985). Efects of age cigarette smoking and other factors on fertility: Findings in a large prospective study. BMJ Clin Res Ed 290:1697-1700.
    • (1985) BMJ Clin Res Ed , vol.290 , pp. 1697-1700
    • Howe, G.1    Westhof, C.2    Vessey, M.3    Yeates, D.4
  • 112
    • 0029954978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does cigarette smoking impair natural or assisted fecundity?
    • Hughes EG, Brennan BG. (1996). Does cigarette smoking impair natural or assisted fecundity? Fertil Steril 66:679-89.
    • (1996) Fertil Steril , vol.66 , pp. 679-89
    • Hughes, E.G.1    Brennan, B.G.2
  • 113
    • 0025726381 scopus 로고
    • Animal models of opiate cocaine and cannabis use [review]
    • Hutchings DE, Dow-Edwards D. (1991). Animal models of opiate cocaine and cannabis use [review]. Clin Perinatol 18:1-22.
    • (1991) Clin Perinatol , vol.18 , pp. 1-22
    • Hutchings, D.E.1    Dow-Edwards, D.2
  • 114
    • 0031016495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal phthalate causes cryptorchidism postnatally by inducing transabdominal ascent of the testis in fetal rats
    • Imajima T, Shono T, Zakaria O, Suita S. (1997). Prenatal phthalate causes cryptorchidism postnatally by inducing transabdominal ascent of the testis in fetal rats. J Pediatr Surg 32:18-21.
    • (1997) J Pediatr Surg , vol.32 , pp. 18-21
    • Imajima, T.1    Shono, T.2    Zakaria, O.3    Suita, S.4
  • 115
    • 0030057755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: Birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years
    • Irvine S, Cawood E, Richardson D, MacDonald E, Aitken J. (1996). Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: Birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years. BMJ 3121:467-471.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.3121 , pp. 467-471
    • Irvine, S.1    Cawood, E.2    Richardson, D.3    MacDonald, E.4    Aitken, J.5
  • 116
    • 0002876174 scopus 로고
    • Observations in chronic hashish users: Nuclear observations in blood and sperm and abnormal acrosomes in spermatozoa
    • Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds Oxford: Pergamon Press
    • Issidoriedes MR. (1980). Observations in chronic hashish users: Nuclear observations in blood and sperm and abnormal acrosomes in spermatozoa. In: Nahas GG, Paton WDM, eds. Marijuana: Biological Efects. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 377.
    • (1980) Marijuana: Biological Efects , pp. 377
    • Issidoriedes, M.R.1
  • 117
    • 0018498970 scopus 로고
    • Efects of cannabinoids on testosterone and protein synthesis in rat testis Leydig cells in vitro
    • Jakubovic A, McGeer EG, McGeer PL. (1979). Efects of cannabinoids on testosterone and protein synthesis in rat testis Leydig cells in vitro. Mot Cell Endocrinot 15:41.
    • (1979) Mot Cell Endocrinot , vol.15 , pp. 41
    • Jakubovic, A.1    McGeer, E.G.2    McGeer, P.L.3
  • 118
    • 0024232552 scopus 로고
    • Te epidemiology of cryptorchidism
    • the John Radclif Hospital Cryptorchidism Research Group
    • Jackson MB, the John Radclif Hospital Cryptorchidism Research Group (1988). Te epidemiology of cryptorchidism. Horm Res 30:153-156.
    • (1988) Horm Res , vol.30 , pp. 153-156
    • Jackson, M.B.1
  • 119
    • 70349146750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efects of restricted cafeine intake by mother on fetal neonatal and pregnancy outcome
    • Jahanfar S, Sharifah H. (2009). Efects ?f restricted cafeine intake by mother on fetal neonatal and pregnancy outcome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 15(2):CD006965.
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.15 , Issue.2
    • Jahanfar, S.1    Sharifah, H.2
  • 120
    • 0022607150 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal control of sex ratio
    • James WH. (1986). Hormonal control of sex ratio. J Teor Biol 118:427-441.
    • (1986) J Teor Biol , vol.118 , pp. 427-441
    • James, W.H.1
  • 121
    • 0033031807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental toxicants and sex ratios\Efects?
    • James WH. (1999). Environmental toxicants and sex ratios\Efects? Fertil Steril 71:775-776.
    • (1999) Fertil Steril , vol.71 , pp. 775-776
    • James, W.H.1
  • 122
    • 0021953720 scopus 로고
    • Parental age parity and sex ratio in births in England and Wales 1968-77
    • James WH, Rostron J. (1985). Parental age parity and sex ratio in births in England and Wales 1968-77. J Biosoc Sci 17:47-56.
    • (1985) J Biosoc Sci , vol.17 , pp. 47-56
    • James, W.H.1    Rostron, J.2
  • 123
    • 0027294868 scopus 로고
    • Contamination of human ovarian follicular fuid and serum by chlorinated organic compounds in three Canadian cities
    • Jarrell JF, Villeneuve D, Franklin C, Bartlett S, Wrixon W, Kohut J, Zouves CG. (1993). Contamination of human ovarian follicular fuid and serum by chlorinated organic compounds in three Canadian cities. CMAJ 148:1321-1327.
    • (1993) CMAJ , vol.148 , pp. 1321-1327
    • Jarrell, J.F.1    Villeneuve, D.2    Franklin, C.3    Bartlett, S.4    Wrixon, W.5    Kohut, J.6    Zouves, C.G.7
  • 127
    • 0026652317 scopus 로고
    • Cryptorchidism: A prospective study of 7500 consecutive male births 1984-8
    • John Radclife Hospital Cryptorchidism Study Group
    • John Radclife Hospital Cryptorchidism Study Group. (1992). Cryptorchidism: A prospective study of 7500 consecutive male births 1984-8. Arch Dis Child 67:892-899.
    • (1992) Arch Dis Child , vol.67 , pp. 892-899
  • 131
    • 0014853208 scopus 로고
    • Blockade of ovulation in the rat by ethanol
    • Kiefer JD, Ketchel M. (1970). Blockade of ovulation in the rat by ethanol. Acta Endocrinol 65:117.
    • (1970) Acta Endocrinol , vol.65 , pp. 117
    • Kiefer, J.D.1    Ketchel, M.2
  • 132
    • 0017295095 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on the infuence of male alcoholism on pregnancy and progeny
    • Klassen RW, Persaud TVN. (1976). Experimental studies on the infuence of male alcoholism on pregnancy and progeny. Exp Pathol 12:38-45.
    • (1976) Exp Pathol , vol.12 , pp. 38-45
    • Klassen, R.W.1    Persaud, T.V.N.2
  • 133
    • 0018127370 scopus 로고
    • Infuence of alcohol on the reproductive system of the male rat
    • Klaussen RW, Persaud TVN. (1978). Infuence of alcohol on the reproductive system of the male rat. Int J Fertil 23:176.
    • (1978) Int J Fertil , vol.23 , pp. 176
    • Klaussen, R.W.1    Persaud, T.V.N.2
  • 134
    • 0016396118 scopus 로고
    • Depression of plasma testosterone levels after chronic intensive marijuana use
    • Kolodny RC, Masters WH, Kolodner RM, Toro G. (1974). Depression of plasma testosterone levels after chronic intensive marijuana use. N Engl J Med 290:872.
    • (1974) N Engl J Med , vol.290 , pp. 872
    • Kolodny, R.C.1    Masters, W.H.2    Kolodner, R.M.3    Toro, G.4
  • 135
    • 0011058209 scopus 로고
    • Depression of plasma testosterone with acute administration
    • Braude MD, Szara S, eds New York: Raven Press
    • Kolodny RC, Lessin P, Toro G, Masters WH, Cohen J. (1976). Depression of plasma testosterone with acute administration. In: Braude MD, Szara S, eds. Te Pharmacology of Marijuana. New York: Raven Press, 217.
    • (1976) Te Pharmacology of Marijuana , pp. 217
    • Kolodny, R.C.1    Lessin, P.2    Toro, G.3    Masters, W.H.4    Cohen, J.5
  • 138
    • 67649226583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between cafeine intake and plasma sex hormone concentrations in premenopausal and postmenopausal women
    • Kotsopoulos J, Eliassen AH, Missmer SA, Hankinson SE, Tworoger SS. (2009). Relationship between cafeine intake and plasma sex hormone concentrations in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Cancer 115:2765-2774.
    • (2009) Cancer , vol.115 , pp. 2765-2774
    • Kotsopoulos, J.1    Eliassen, A.H.2    Missmer, S.A.3    Hankinson, S.E.4    Tworoger, S.S.5
  • 139
    • 0020353652 scopus 로고
    • Female reproduction during chronic ethanol consumption in rats
    • Krueger WA, Bo WJ, Rudeen PK. (1982). Female reproduction during chronic ethanol consumption in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 17:629-631.
    • (1982) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.17 , pp. 629-631
    • Krueger, W.A.1    Bo, W.J.2    Rudeen, P.K.3
  • 140
    • 0022353470 scopus 로고
    • Semen analysis in alcohol dependence syndrome
    • Kucheria K, Saxena R, Mohan D. (1985). Semen analysis in alcohol dependence syndrome. Andrologia 17:558-563.
    • (1985) Andrologia , vol.17 , pp. 558-563
    • Kucheria, K.1    Saxena, R.2    Mohan, D.3
  • 141
    • 0032216211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of semen quality in pesticide spraying Danish farmers
    • the ASCLEPIOS Study Group.
    • Larsen SB, Giwercman A, Spano M, Bonde JP, the ASCLEPIOS Study Group. (1998). A longitudinal study of semen quality in pesticide spraying Danish farmers. Reprod Toxicol 12:581-589.
    • (1998) Eprod Toxicol , vol.12 , pp. 581-589
    • Larsen, S.B.1    Giwercman, A.2    Spano, M.3    Bonde, J.P.4
  • 142
    • 33748429859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to pesticides and time to pregnancy among female greenhouse workers
    • Lauria L, Settimi L, Spinelli A, Figà-Talamanca I. (2006). Exposure to pesticides and time to pregnancy among female greenhouse workers. Repod Toxicol 22:425-430.
    • (2006) Repod Toxicol , vol.22 , pp. 425-430
    • Lauria, L.1    Settimi, L.2    Spinelli, A.3    Figà-Talamanca, I.4
  • 144
    • 23644441118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-10-dependent down-regulation of MHC class II expression level on monocytes by peritoneal fuid from endometriosis patients
    • Lee KS, Baek DW, Kim KH, Shin BS, Lee DH, Kim JW, Hong YS, Bae YS, Kwak JY. (2005). IL-10-dependent down-regulation of MHC class II expression level on monocytes by peritoneal fuid from endometriosis patients. Int Immunopharmacol 5:1699-1712.
    • (2005) Int Immunopharmacol , vol.5 , pp. 1699-1712
    • Lee, K.S.1    Baek, D.W.2    Kim, K.H.3    Shin, B.S.4    Lee, D.H.5    Kim, J.W.6    Hong, Y.S.7    Bae, Y.S.8    Kwak, J.Y.9
  • 145
    • 0010973115 scopus 로고
    • Failure to detect mutagenic efects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the dominant lethal test host-mediated assay, blood, urine studies and cytogenetic evaluation with mice
    • Braude MC, Szara S, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Legator MS, Weber E, Connor T, Stoekel M. (1976). Failure to detect mutagenic efects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the dominant lethal test host-mediated assay, blood, urine studies and cytogenetic evaluation with mice. In: Braude MC, Szara S, eds. Pharmacology of Marijuan. New York: Raven Press, 699.
    • (1976) Pharmacology of Marijuan , pp. 699
    • Legator, M.S.1    Weber, E.2    Connor, T.3    Stoekel, M.4
  • 147
    • 0017324342 scopus 로고
    • Gonadal function in chronic alcoholism
    • Lester R, Van Tiel DH. (1977). Gonadal function in chronic alcoholism. Adv Exp Med Biol 85A:399.
    • (1977) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.85 A , pp. 399
    • Lester, R.1    Van Tiel, D.H.2
  • 148
    • 0023856490 scopus 로고
    • Cafeine consumption and the risk of reproductive hazards
    • Leviton A. (1988). Cafeine consumption and the risk of reproductive hazards. J Reprod Med 33:175-178.
    • (1988) J Reprod Med , vol.33 , pp. 175-178
    • Leviton, A.1
  • 151
    • 0000401573 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine changes associated with Laennec s cirrhosis of the liver
    • Lloyd CW, Williams RH. (1948). Endocrine changes associated with Laennec s cirrhosis of the liver. Am J Med 4:315.
    • (1948) Am J Med , vol.4 , pp. 315
    • Lloyd, C.W.1    Williams, R.H.2
  • 152
    • 0025960384 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and other dietary factors in relation to serum hormone concentrations in women at climacteric
    • London S, Willett W, Longcope C, McKinlay S. (1991). Alcohol and other dietary factors in relation to serum hormone concentrations in women at climacteric. Am J Clin Nutr 53:166-171.
    • (1991) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.53 , pp. 166-171
    • London, S.1    Willett, W.2    Longcope, C.3    McKinlay, S.4
  • 154
    • 34249741610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-natal exposures to cocaine and alcohol and physical growth patterns to age 8 years
    • Lumeng JC, Cabral HJ, Gannon K, Heeren T, Frank DA. (2007). Pre-natal exposures to cocaine and alcohol and physical growth patterns to age 8 years. Neurotoxicol Teratol 29:446-57.
    • (2007) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.29 , pp. 446-57
    • Lumeng, J.C.1    Cabral, H.J.2    Gannon, K.3    Heeren, T.4    Frank, D.A.5
  • 155
    • 0018379577 scopus 로고
    • Male fertility potential in terms of semen quality: A review of the past a study of the present
    • MacLeod J, Wang Y. (1979). Male fertility potential in terms of semen quality: A review of the past a study of the present. Fertil Steril 31:103-116.
    • (1979) Fertil Steril , vol.31 , pp. 103-116
    • MacLeod, J.1    Wang, Y.2
  • 156
    • 33747138329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol abuse-duration dependent decrease in plasma testosterone and antioxidants in males
    • Maneesh M, Dutta S, Chakrabarti A, Vasudevan DM. (2006). Alcohol abuse-duration dependent decrease in plasma testosterone and antioxidants in males. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 50:291-296.
    • (2006) Indian J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 291-296
    • Maneesh, M.1    Dutta, S.2    Chakrabarti, A.3    Vasudevan, D.M.4
  • 158
    • 0015698693 scopus 로고
    • Delta-l-tetrahydrocannabinol and luteinizing hormone secretion
    • Marks BH. (1973). Delta-l-tetrahydrocannabinol and luteinizing hormone secretion. Prog Brain Res 39:331.
    • (1973) Prog Brain Res , vol.39 , pp. 331
    • Marks, B.H.1
  • 159
    • 0024402609 scopus 로고
    • Semen quality and association with cofee drinking, cigarette smoking, and ethanol consumption
    • Marshburn PB, Sloan CS, Hammond MG. (1989). Semen quality and association with cofee drinking, cigarette smoking, and ethanol consumption. Fertil Steril 52:162-165.
    • (1989) Fertil Steril , vol.52 , pp. 162-165
    • Marshburn, P.B.1    Sloan, C.S.2    Hammond, M.G.3
  • 160
    • 0017818098 scopus 로고
    • Diferent efects of synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabis extract on steroid metabolism in male rats
    • Mascarinec MP, Shipley G, Novotny M, Brown DJ, Forney RB. (1978). Diferent efects of synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabis extract on steroid metabolism in male rats. Experientia 34:88.
    • (1978) Experientia , vol.34 , pp. 88
    • Mascarinec, M.P.1    Shipley, G.2    Novotny, M.3    Brown, D.J.4    Forney, R.B.5
  • 161
    • 0028940385 scopus 로고
    • External quality assessment for semen analysis and sperm antibody detection: Results of a pilot scheme
    • Matson PL. (1995). External quality assessment for semen analysis and sperm antibody detection: Results of a pilot scheme. Hum Reprod 10:620-625.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 620-625
    • Matson, P.L.1
  • 163
    • 0029023782 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking at time of in vitro fertilization cycle initiation has negative efect on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer success rate
    • Maximovich A, Beyler SA. (1995). Cigarette smoking at time of in vitro fertilization cycle initiation has negative efect on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer success rate. J Assist Reprod Genet 12:75-77.
    • (1995) J Assist Reprod Genet , vol.12 , pp. 75-77
    • Maximovich, A.1    Beyler, S.A.2
  • 164
    • 0030892721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dioxin concentration in women with endometriosis
    • Mayani A, Barel S, Soback S, Almagor M. (1997). Dioxin concentration in women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod 12:373-375.
    • (1997) Hum Reprod , vol.12 , pp. 373-375
    • Mayani, A.1    Barel, S.2    Soback, S.3    Almagor, M.4
  • 165
    • 0029009138 scopus 로고
    • Antiandrogen induced cryp-torchidism in the pig is associated with failed gubernacular regression and epididymal malformations
    • McMahon DR, Kramer SA, Husmann DA. (1995). Antiandrogen induced cryp-torchidism in the pig is associated with failed gubernacular regression and epididymal malformations. J Urol 154:553-557.
    • (1995) J Urol , vol.154 , pp. 553-557
    • McMahon, D.R.1    Kramer, S.A.2    Husmann, D.A.3
  • 166
    • 0029821980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in male:female ratio among newborn infants in Denmark
    • Mèller H. (1996). Change in male:female ratio among newborn infants in Denmark. Lancet 348:828-829.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 828-829
    • Mèller, H.1
  • 167
    • 0029956227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks of testicular cancer and cryptorchidism in relation to socioeconomic status and related factors: Case-control studies in Denmark
    • Mèller H, Skakkebaek NE. (1996). Risks of testicular cancer and cryptorchidism in relation to socioeconomic status and related factors: Case-control studies in Denmark. Int J Cancer 66:287-293.
    • (1996) Int J Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 287-293
    • Mèller, H.1    Skakkebaek, N.E.2
  • 168
    • 0020607477 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol self-administration disrupts reproductive function in female macaque monkeys
    • Mello NK, Bree MP, Mendelson JH, Ellingboe J, King NW, Sehgal P. (1983). Alcohol self-administration disrupts reproductive function in female macaque monkeys. Science 221:677-679.
    • (1983) Science , vol.221 , pp. 677-679
    • Mello, N.K.1    Bree, M.P.2    Mendelson, J.H.3    Ellingboe, J.4    King, N.W.5    Sehgal, P.6
  • 170
    • 0016201124 scopus 로고
    • Plasma testosterone levels before, during and after chronic marihuana smoking
    • Mendelson JH, Kuehnle J, Ellingboe J, Babor TF. (1974). Plasma testosterone levels before, during and after chronic marihuana smoking. N Engl J Med 291:1051.
    • (1974) N Engl J Med , vol.291 , pp. 1051
    • Mendelson, J.H.1    Kuehnle, J.2    Ellingboe, J.3    Babor, T.F.4
  • 171
    • 0018166555 scopus 로고
    • Efects of chronic marihuana use on integrated plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels
    • Mendelson JH, Ellingboe J, Keuhnle J.C, Mello NK. (1978a). Efects of chronic marihuana use on integrated plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels. J Pharmacol Exp Ter 207:611.
    • (1978) J Pharmacol Exp ter , vol.207 , pp. 611
    • Mendelson, J.H.1    Ellingboe, J.2    Keuhnle, J.C.3    Mello, N.K.4
  • 172
    • 0018088281 scopus 로고
    • Efects of alcohol on plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels
    • Mendelson JH, Ellingboe J, Mello NK. (1978b). Efects of alcohol on plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2:255.
    • (1978) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.2 , pp. 255
    • Mendelson, J.H.1    Ellingboe, J.2    Mello, N.K.3
  • 173
    • 0022345128 scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of marihuana on luteinizing hormone in menopausal women
    • DOI 10.1016/0091-3057(85)90069-3
    • Mendelson JH, Cristofaro P, Ellingboe J, Benedikt R, Mello NK. (1985). Acute efects of marijuana on luteinizing hormone in menopausal women. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 23:765-768. (Pubitemid 16201074)
    • (1985) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 765-768
    • Mendelson, J.H.1    Cristofaro, P.2    Ellingboe, J.3
  • 176
    • 0022544625 scopus 로고
    • Induction of luteinizing hormone release by electrochemical stimulation of the medial preoptic area in delta 9-tetrahydro-cannabinol-blocked proestrous rats
    • Murphy LL, Tyrey L. (1986). Induction of luteinizing hormone release by electrochemical stimulation of the medial preoptic area in delta 9-tetrahydro-cannabinol-blocked proestrous rats. Neuroendocrinology 43:471-475.
    • (1986) Neuroendocrinology , vol.43 , pp. 471-475
    • Murphy, L.L.1    Tyrey, L.2
  • 177
    • 26244439674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of chronic alcoholism on male fertility hormones and semen quality
    • Muthusami KR, Chinnaswamy P. (2005). Efect of chronic alcoholism on male fertility hormones and semen quality. Fertil Steril 84:919-924.
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.84 , pp. 919-924
    • Muthusami, K.R.1    Chinnaswamy, P.2
  • 178
    • 0026599895 scopus 로고
    • Te human toxicity of marijuana [review]
    • Nahas G, Latour C. (1992). Te human toxicity of marijuana [review]. Med J Aust 156:495-497.
    • (1992) Med J Aust , vol.156 , pp. 495-497
    • Nahas, G.1    Latour, C.2
  • 179
    • 0028233433 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal outcome in infants with evidence of fetal exposure to opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids
    • Nair P, Rothblum S, Hebel R. (1994). Neonatal outcome in infants with evidence of fetal exposure to opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids. Clin Pediatr 33:280-285.
    • (1994) Clin Pedi?tr , vol.33 , pp. 280-285
    • Nair, P.1    Rothblum, S.2    Hebel, R.3
  • 180
    • 24044552016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sidestream smoking is equally as damaging as mainstream smoking on IVF outcomes
    • Neal MS, Hughes EG, Holloway AC, Foster WG. (2005). Sidestream smoking is equally as damaging as mainstream smoking on IVF outcomes. Hum Reprod 20:2531-2535.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 2531-2535
    • Neal, M.S.1    Hughes, E.G.2    Holloway, A.C.3    Foster, W.G.4
  • 181
    • 34347229415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Follicle growth is inhibited by benzo[a]pyrene, at concentrations representative of human exposure, in an isolated rat follicle culture assay
    • Neal MS, Zhu J, Holloway AC, Foster WG. (2007). Follicle growth is inhibited by benzo[a]pyrene, at concentrations representative of human exposure, in an isolated rat follicle culture assay. Hum Reprod 22:961-967.
    • (2007) Hum Reprod , vol.22 , pp. 961-967
    • Neal, M.S.1    Zhu, J.2    Holloway, A.C.3    Foster, W.G.4
  • 182
    • 37549007254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifcation of benzo[a]pyrene and other PAHs in the serum and follicular fuid of smokers versus non-smokers
    • Neal MS, Zhu J, Foster WG. (2008). Quantifcation of benzo[a]pyrene and other PAHs in the serum and follicular fuid of smokers versus non-smokers. Reprod Toxicol 25:100-106.
    • (2008) Reprod Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 100-106
    • Neal, M.S.1    Zhu, J.2    Foster, W.G.3
  • 183
    • 0015832667 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of the cyclic surge of luteinizing hormone secretion and of ovulation in the rat by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Nir I, Ayalon D, Tsafriri A, Cordova T, Lindner HF. (1973). Suppression of the cyclic surge of luteinizing hormone secretion and of ovulation in the rat by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Nature 243:470.
    • (1973) Nature , vol.243 , pp. 470
    • Nir, I.1    Ayalon, D.2    Tsafriri, A.3    Cordova, T.4    Lindner, H.F.5
  • 185
    • 0028451549 scopus 로고
    • Recent fertility decline in Dariusleut Hutterites: An extension of Eaton and Mayer s Hutterite fertility study
    • Nonaka K, Miura T, Peter K. (1994). Recent fertility decline in Dariusleut Hutterites: An extension of Eaton and Mayer s Hutterite fertility study. Hum Biol 66:411-420.
    • (1994) Hum Biol , vol.66 , pp. 411-420
    • Nonaka, K.1    Miura, T.2    Peter, K.3
  • 186
    • 33845724649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of the newborn infant afected by maternal opiates and other drugs of dependency
    • Oei J, Lui K. (2007). Management of the newborn infant afected by maternal opiates and other drugs of dependency. J Paediatr Child Health 43:9-18.
    • (2007) J Paediatr Child Health , vol.43 , pp. 9-18
    • Oei, J.1    Lui, K.2
  • 187
    • 0028957021 scopus 로고
    • Have sperm counts been reduced 50 percent in 50 years? A statistical model revisited
    • Olsen GW, Bodner KM, Ramlow JM, Ross CE, Lipshultz LI. (1995). Have sperm counts been reduced 50 percent in 50 years? A statistical model revisited. Fertil Steril 63:887-893.
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.63 , pp. 887-893
    • Olsen, G.W.1    Bodner, K.M.2    Ramlow, J.M.3    Ross, C.E.4    Lipshultz, L.I.5
  • 188
    • 0025818914 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking tea and cofee drinking, and subfecundity
    • Olsen J. (1991). Cigarette smoking tea and cofee drinking, and subfecundity. Am J Epidemiol 133:734-739.
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.133 , pp. 734-739
    • Olsen, J.1
  • 189
    • 0021141235 scopus 로고
    • Depressed semen quality: A study over two decades
    • Osser S, Liedholm P, Ranstam J. (1984). Depressed semen quality: A study over two decades. Arch Androl 12:113-116.
    • (1984) Arch Androl , vol.12 , pp. 113-116
    • Osser, S.1    Liedholm, P.2    Ranstam, J.3
  • 190
    • 0026502669 scopus 로고
    • Drug screening of newborns by meconium analysis: A large-scale, prospective, epide-miologic study
    • Ostrea EM Jr, Brady M, Gause S, Raymundo AL, Stevens M. (1992). Drug screening of newborns by meconium analysis: A large-scale, prospective, epide-miologic study. Pediatrics 89:107-113.
    • (1992) Pediatrics , vol.89 , pp. 107-113
    • Ostrea Jr., E.M.1    Brady, M.2    Gause, S.3    Raymundo, A.L.4    Stevens, M.5
  • 191
    • 0028785877 scopus 로고
    • Te preimplantation mouse embryo is a target for cannabinoid ligand-receptor signaling
    • Paria BC, Das SK, Dey SK. (1995). Te preimplantation mouse embryo is a target for cannabinoid ligand-receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:9460-9464.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 9460-9464
    • Paria, B.C.1    Das, S.K.2    Dey, S.K.3
  • 192
    • 0031811671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efects of cannabinoids on preimplan-tation mouse embryo development and implantation are mediated by brain-type cannabinoid receptors
    • Paria BC, Ma W, Andrenyak DM, Schmid PC, Schmid HH, Moody DE, Deng H, Makriyannis A, Dey SK. (1998). Efects of cannabinoids on preimplan-tation mouse embryo development and implantation are mediated by brain-type cannabinoid receptors. Biol Reprod 58:1490-1495.
    • (1998) Biol Reprod , vol.58 , pp. 1490-1495
    • Paria, B.C.1    Ma, W.2    Andrenyak, D.M.3    Schmid, P.C.4    Schmid, H.H.5    Moody, D.E.6    Deng, H.7    Makriyannis, A.8    Dey, S.K.9
  • 193
    • 0029866351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data from men in greater Seattle area reveals no downward trend in semen quality: Further evidence that deterioration of semen quality is not geographically uniform
    • Paulsen CA, Berman NG, Wang C. (1996). Data from men in greater Seattle area reveals no downward trend in semen quality: Further evidence that deterioration of semen quality is not geographically uniform. Fertil Steril 65:1015-1020.
    • (1996) Fertil Steril , vol.65 , pp. 1015-1020
    • Paulsen, C.A.1    Berman, N.G.2    Wang, C.3
  • 194
    • 0034789835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te risk of endometriosis and exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls: A case-control study of infertile women
    • Pauwels A, Schepens PJ, D'Hooghe T, Delbeke L, Dhont M, Brouwer A, Weyler J. (2001). Te risk of endometriosis and exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls: A case-control study of infertile women. Hum Reprod 16:2050-2055.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod , vol.16 , pp. 2050-2055
    • Pauwels, A.1    Schepens, P.J.2    D'Hooghe, T.3    Delbeke, L.4    Dhont, M.5    Brouwer, A.6    Weyler, J.7
  • 197
    • 0023187095 scopus 로고
    • Some organochlorine insecticide and polychlorinated biphenyl blood residues in infertile males in the general Israeli population of the middle 1980s
    • Pines A, Cucos S, Ever-Hadani P, Ron M. (1987). Some organochlorine insecticide and polychlorinated biphenyl blood residues in infertile males in the general Israeli population of the middle 1980s. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 16:587-597.
    • (1987) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.16 , pp. 587-597
    • Pines, A.1    Cucos, S.2    Ever-Hadani, P.3    Ron, M.4
  • 200
    • 0021189286 scopus 로고
    • Dibromochloropropane-induced reduction of the sex ratio in man
    • Potashnik G, Goldsmith J, Insler V. (1984). Dibromochloropropane-induced reduction of the sex ratio in man. Andrologia 16:213-218.
    • (1984) Andrologia , vol.16 , pp. 213-218
    • Potashnik, G.1    Goldsmith, J.2    Insler, V.3
  • 201
    • 32944459273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalate esters in women with endometriosis: A prospective case control study
    • Reddy BS, Rozati R, Reddy S, Kodampur S, Reddy P, Reddy R. (2006). High plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalate esters in women with endometriosis: A prospective case control study. Fertil Steril 85:775-779
    • (2006) Fertil Steril , vol.85 , pp. 775-779
    • Reddy, B.S.1    Rozati, R.2    Reddy, S.3    Kodampur, S.4    Reddy, P.5    Reddy, R.6
  • 203
    • 0023543686 scopus 로고
    • Detrimental efects of short-term ethanol exposure on reproductive function in the female rat
    • Rettori V, Skelley CW, McCann SM, Dees WL. (1987). Detrimental efects of short-term ethanol exposure on reproductive function in the female rat. Biol Reprod 37:1089-1096.
    • (1987) Biol Reprod , vol.37 , pp. 1089-1096
    • Rettori, V.1    Skelley, C.W.2    McCann, S.M.3    Dees, W.L.4
  • 204
    • 0036902768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evironmental dioxins and endometriosis
    • Rier S, Foster WG. (2002). Evironmental dioxins and endometriosis. Toxicol Sci 70:161-170.
    • (2002) Toxicol Sci , vol.70 , pp. 161-170
    • Rier, S.1    Foster, W.G.2
  • 205
    • 77957184774 scopus 로고
    • Endometriosis in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) following chronic exposure to 2, 3, 7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
    • Rier SE, Martin DM, Bowman RE, Dmowski WP, Becker JL. (1993). Endometriosis in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) following chronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Fundam Appl Toxicol 21:433-441.
    • (1993) Fundam Appl Toxicol , vol.21 , pp. 433-441
    • Rier, S.E.1    Martin, D.M.2    Bowman, R.E.3    Dmowski, W.P.4    Becker, J.L.5
  • 207
    • 0018750846 scopus 로고
    • Acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of Turkish marijuana, cannabichromene, and cannabidiol in rats
    • Rosenkrantz H, Hayden DW. (1979). Acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of Turkish marijuana, cannabichrom?ne, and cannabidiol in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 48:375.
    • (1979) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 375
    • Rosenkrantz, H.1    Hayden, D.W.2
  • 208
    • 0016594193 scopus 로고
    • Inhalation, parenteral and oral LD, values of delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol in Fischer rats
    • Rosenkrantz H, Heyman LA, Braude MC. (1974). Inhalation, parenteral and oral LD, values of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in Fischer rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 32:399.
    • (1974) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 399
    • Rosenkrantz, H.1    Heyman, L.A.2    Braude, M.C.3
  • 209
    • 0016594193 scopus 로고
    • Oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol toxicity in rats treated for periods up to six months Toxicol
    • Rosenkrantz H, Sprague RA, Fleischman RW, Braude MC. (1975). Oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol toxicity in rats treated for periods up to six months Toxicol. Appl Pharmacol 32:399.
    • (1975) Appl Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 399
    • Rosenkrantz, H.1    Sprague, R.A.2    Fleischman, R.W.3    Braude, M.C.4
  • 210
    • 0020146910 scopus 로고
    • Basal body temperature, ovulation and the risk of conception, with special reference to the lifetimes of sperm and egg
    • Royston JP. (1982). Basal body temperature, ovulation and the risk of conception, with special reference to the lifetimes of sperm and egg. Biometrics 38:397-406.
    • (1982) Biometrics , vol.38 , pp. 397-406
    • Royston, J.P.1
  • 212
    • 27144436384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Episodic air pollution is associated with increased DNA fragmentation in human sperm without other changes in semen quality
    • Rubes J, Selevan SG, Evenson DP, Zudova D, Vozdova M, Zudova Z, Robbins WA, Perreault SD. (2005). Episodic air pollution is associated with increased DNA fragmentation in human sperm without other changes in semen quality. Hum Reprod 20:2776-2783.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 2776-2783
    • Rubes, J.1    Selevan, S.G.2    Evenson, D.P.3    Zudova, D.4    Vozdova, M.5    Zudova, Z.6    Robbins, W.A.7    Perreault, S.D.8
  • 213
    • 0017259959 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged ethanol consumption increases testosterone metabolism in the liver
    • Rubin E, Lieber CS, Altman K, Gordon GG, Southren AL. (1976). Prolonged ethanol consumption increases testosterone metabolism in the liver. Science 191:563.
    • (1976) Science , vol.191 , pp. 563
    • Rubin, E.1    Lieber, C.S.2    Altman, K.3    Gordon, G.G.4    Southren, A.L.5
  • 214
    • 0024506908 scopus 로고
    • Human seminal plasma cadmium: Comparison with fertility and smoking habits
    • Saaranen M, Kantola M, Saarikoski S, Vanha-Perttula T. (1989). Human seminal plasma cadmium: Comparison with fertility and smoking habits. Andrologia 21:140-145.
    • (1989) Andrologia , vol.21 , pp. 140-145
    • Saaranen, M.1    Kantola, M.2    Saarikoski, S.3    Vanha-Perttula, T.4
  • 216
    • 0028451467 scopus 로고
    • Trends in cohort fertility of the Dariusleut Hutterite population
    • Sato T, Nonaka K, Miura T, Peter K. (1994). Trends in cohort fertility of the Dariusleut Hutterite population. Hum Biol 66:421-431.
    • (1994) Hum Biol , vol.66 , pp. 421-431
    • Sato, T.1    Nonaka, K.2    Miura, T.3    Peter, K.4
  • 218
    • 0016855268 scopus 로고
    • Normal plasma testosterone concentrations after marijuana smoking
    • Schaefer CF, Gunn CG, Dubowski KM. (1975). Normal plasma testosterone concentrations after marijuana smoking. N Engl J Med 292:867.
    • (1975) N Engl J Med , vol.292 , pp. 867
    • Schaefer, C.F.1    Gunn, C.G.2    Dubowski, K.M.3
  • 219
    • 76549153976 scopus 로고
    • Te descent of the testis
    • Scorer CG. (1964). Te descent of the testis. Arch. Dis. Child 39:605-709.
    • (1964) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.39 , pp. 605-709
    • Scorer, C.G.1
  • 223
    • 0028038172 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking accelerates the development of diminished ovarian reserve as evidenced by the clomiphene citrate challenge test
    • Sharara FI, Beatse SN, Leonardi MR, Navot D, Scott RT Jr. (1994). Cigarette smoking accelerates the development of diminished ovarian reserve as evidenced by the clomiphene citrate challenge test. Fertil Steril 62:257-262.
    • (1994) Fertil Steril , vol.62 , pp. 257-262
    • Sharara, F.I.1    Beatse, S.N.2    Leonardi, M.R.3    Navot, D.4    Scott Jr., R.T.5
  • 224
    • 58849131849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining sperm quality in New Zealand over 20 years
    • Shine R, Peek J, Birdsall M. (2008). Declining sperm quality in New Zealand over 20 years. N Z Med J 121:50-56.
    • (2008) N Z Med J , vol.121 , pp. 50-56
    • Shine, R.1    Peek, J.2    Birdsall, M.3
  • 225
    • 0014990733 scopus 로고
    • Title Identifcation of drugs in the preimplantation blastocyst and in the plasma, uterine secretion and urine of the pregnant rabbit
    • Sieber SM, Fabro S. (1971). Title Identifcation of drugs in the preimplantation blastocyst and in the plasma, uterine secretion and urine of the pregnant rabbit. J Pharmacol Exp Ter 176:65-75.
    • (1971) J Pharmacol Exp ter , vol.176 , pp. 65-75
    • Sieber, S.M.1    Fabro, S.2
  • 226
    • 0036799610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High rates of autoimmune and endocrine disorders, fbromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and atopic diseases among women with endometriosis: A survey analysis
    • Sinaii N, Cleary SD, Ballweg ML, Niewman LK, Stratton P. (2002). High rates of autoimmune and endocrine disorders, fbromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and atopic diseases among women with endometriosis: A survey analysis. Hum Reprod 17:2715-2724.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 2715-2724
    • Sinaii, N.1    Cleary, S.D.2    Ballweg, M.L.3    Niewman, L.K.4    Stratton, P.5
  • 227
    • 0020584578 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance develops to the disruptive efects of delta 9- tetrahydrocannabinol on primate menstrual cycle
    • Smith CG, Almirez RG, Berenberg J, Asch RH. (1983). Tolerance develops to the disruptive efects of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on primate menstrual cycle. Science 219:1453-1455.
    • (1983) Scienc? , vol.219 , pp. 1453-1455
    • Smith, C.G.1    Almirez, R.G.2    Berenberg, J.3    Asch, R.H.4
  • 228
    • 0018378672 scopus 로고
    • Efect of tetrahydrocan-nabinol on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey
    • Smith CG, Besch NF, Smith RG, Besch PK. (1979). Efect of tetrahydrocan-nabinol on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey. Fertil Steril 31:335.
    • (1979) Fertil Steril , vol.31 , pp. 335
    • Smith, C.G.1    Besch, N.F.2    Smith, R.G.3    Besch, P.K.4
  • 229
    • 77954884392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and fertility
    • Soares S. (2009). Cigarette smoking and fertility. Reprod Biol Insights 2:39-46.
    • (2009) Reprod Biol Insights , vol.2 , pp. 39-46
    • Soares, S.1
  • 230
    • 33846245972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adulthood
    • Spohr HL, Willms J, Steinhausen HC. (2007). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adulthood. J Pediatr 150:175-179.
    • (2007) J Pediatr , vol.150 , pp. 175-179
    • Spohr, H.L.1    Willms, J.2    Steinhausen, H.C.3
  • 232
    • 33645220243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen quality in fertile US men in relation to geographical area and pesticide exposure
    • Swan SH. (2006). Semen quality in fertile US men in relation to geographical area and pesticide exposure. Int J Androl 29:62-68.
    • (2006) Int J Androl , vol.29 , pp. 62-68
    • Swan, S.H.1
  • 233
    • 0016929724 scopus 로고
    • Efect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the hypothalamic-pituitary- gonadal system in the maturing male rat
    • Symons AM, Teale JD, Marks V. (1976). Efect of delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system in the maturing male rat. J Endocrinol 68:43P-44P.
    • (1976) J Endocrinol , vol.68
    • Symons, A.M.1    Teale, J.D.2    Marks, V.3
  • 234
    • 2442678806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive relationship between androgen and the endocrine disruptor, bisphenol A in normal women with ovarian dysfunction
    • Takeuchi T, Tsutsumi O, Ikezuki Y, Takai Y, Taketani Y. (2004). Positive relationship between androgen and the endocrine disruptor, bisphenol A in normal women with ovarian dysfunction. Endocrinol J 51:165-169.
    • (2004) Endocrinol J , vol.51 , pp. 165-169
    • Takeuchi, T.1    Tsutsumi, O.2    Ikezuki, Y.3    Takai, Y.4    Taketani, Y.5
  • 237
    • 43849091641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadmium: Toxic efects on the reproductive system and the embryo
    • Tompson J, Bannigan J. (2008). Cadmium: Toxic efects on the reproductive system and the embryo. Reprod Toxicol 25:304-15.
    • (2008) Reprod Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 304-15
    • Tompson, J.1    Bannigan, J.2
  • 238
    • 0031469060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of male occupational heat exposure on time to pregnancy
    • Tonneau P, Ducot B, Bujan L, Mieusset R, Spira A. (1997). Efect of male occupational heat exposure on time to pregnancy. Int J Androl 20:274-278.
    • (1997) Int J Androl , vol.20 , pp. 274-278
    • Tonneau, P.1    Ducot, B.2    Bujan, L.3    Mieusset, R.4    Spira, A.5
  • 241
    • 18044374290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of human contamination of estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their risk for human reproduction
    • Tsutsumi Y. (2005). Assessment of human contamination of estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their risk for human reproduction. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 93:325-330.
    • (2005) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.93 , pp. 325-330
    • Tsutsumi, Y.1
  • 242
    • 66249100212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoke causes follicle loss in mice ovaries at concentrations representative of human exposure
    • Tuttle AM, Stämpfi M, Foster WG. (2009). Cigarette smoke causes follicle loss in mice ovaries at concentrations representative of human exposure. Hum Reprod 24:1452-1459.
    • (2009) Hum Reprod , vol.24 , pp. 1452-1459
    • Tuttle, A.M.1    Stämpfi, M.2    Foster, W.G.3
  • 243
    • 0018103363 scopus 로고
    • Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol suppression of episodic lutei-nizing hormone secretion in the ovariectornized rat
    • Tyrey L. (1978). Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol suppression of episodic lutei-nizing hormone secretion in the ovariectornized rat. Endocrinology 102:1808.
    • (1978) Endocrinology , vol.102 , pp. 1808
    • Tyrey, L.1
  • 245
    • 0016802350 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol-induced testicular atrophy: An experimental model for hypogonadism occurring in chronic alcoholic men
    • Van Tiel DH, Gavaler JS, Lester R, Goodman MD. (1975a). Alcohol-induced testicular atrophy: An experimental model for hypogonadism occurring in chronic alcoholic men. Gastroenterology 69:326-332.
    • (1975) Gastroenterology , vol.69 , pp. 326-332
    • Van Tiel, D.H.1    Gavaler, J.S.2    Lester, R.3    Goodman, M.D.4
  • 246
    • 0016840255 scopus 로고
    • Plasma estrone, prolactin, neurophysin, and sex steroid-binding globulin in chronic alcoholic men
    • Van Tiel DH, Gavaler JS, Lester R, Loriaux DL, Braunstein JD. (1975b). Plasma estrone, prolactin, neurophysin, and sex steroid-binding globulin in chronic alcoholic men. Metabolism 24:1015.
    • (1975) Metabolism , vol.24 , pp. 1015
    • Van Tiel, D.H.1    Gavaler, J.S.2    Lester, R.3    Loriaux, D.L.4    Braunstein, J.D.5
  • 248
    • 0030296530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te efects of smoking on ovarian function and fertility during assisted reproduction cycles
    • Van Voorhis BJ, Dawson JD, Stovall DW, Sparks AE, Syrop CH. (1996). Te efects of smoking on ovarian function and fertility during assisted reproduction cycles. Obstet Gynecol 88:785-791.
    • (1996) Obstet Gynecol , vol.88 , pp. 785-791
    • Van Voorhis, B.J.1    Dawson, J.D.2    Stovall, D.W.3    Sparks, A.E.4    Syrop, C.H.5
  • 249
    • 0028110356 scopus 로고
    • Mother s prior intrauterine position afects the sex ratio of her ofspring in house mice
    • Vandenbergh JG, Huggett CL. (1994). Mother s prior intrauterine position afects the sex ratio of her ofspring in house mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:11055-11059.
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 11055-11059
    • Vandenbergh, J.G.1    Huggett, C.L.2
  • 250
    • 0032718201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental chemicals and changes in sex ratio: Analysis over 250 years in Finland
    • Vartiainen T, Kartovaara L, Tuomisto J. (1999). Environmental chemicals and changes in sex ratio: Analysis over 250 years in Finland. Environ Health Perspect 107:813-815.
    • (1999) Environ Health Perspect , vol.107 , pp. 813-815
    • Vartiainen, T.1    Kartovaara, L.2    Tuomisto, J.3
  • 251
    • 0004901653 scopus 로고
    • Endometriosis: An overview of descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies
    • Coutinho EM, Spinol P, de Moura LH, eds New York: Parthenon
    • Vercillini P, Oldani S, De Giorgi O, Crosignani PG. (1995). Endometriosis: An overview of descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies. In: Coutinho EM, Spinol P, de Moura LH, eds. Progress in the Management of Endometriosis. New York: Parthenon, 221-236.
    • (1995) Progress in the Management of Endometriosis , pp. 221-236
    • Vercillini, P.1    Oldani, S.2    De Giorgi, O.3    Crosignani, P.G.4
  • 254
    • 0017071684 scopus 로고
    • Efect of cannabis and opium on the testis of the pigeon Columba livia Gmelin
    • Vyas DK, Singh R. (1976). Efect of cannabis and opium on the testis of the pigeon Columba livia Gmelin. Ind J Exp Biol 14:22.
    • (1976) Ind J Exp Biol , vol.14 , pp. 22
    • Vyas, D.K.1    Singh, R.2
  • 256
    • 0023919833 scopus 로고
    • Cotinine in the serum, saliva, and urine of non-smokers, passive smokers, and active smokers
    • Wall MA, Johnson J, Jacob P, Benowitz NL. (1988). Cotinine in the serum, saliva, and urine of non-smokers, passive smokers, and active smokers. Am J Public Health 78:699-701.
    • (1988) Am J Public Health , vol.78 , pp. 699-701
    • Wall, M.A.1    Johnson, J.2    Jacob, P.3    Benowitz, N.L.4
  • 257
    • 0018290965 scopus 로고
    • Mutagenic efects of cadmium on mammalian oocyte chromosomes
    • Watanabe T, Shimada T, Endo A. (1979). Mutagenic efects of cadmium on mammalian oocyte chromosomes. Mutat Res 67:349-356.
    • (1979) Mutat Res , vol.67 , pp. 349-356
    • Watanabe, T.1    Shimada, T.2    Endo, A.3
  • 258
    • 58049194186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cafeine intake and fecundability: A follow-up study among 430 Danish couples planning their frst pregnancy
    • Waylen AL, Metwally M, Jones GL, Wilkinson AJ, Ledger WL. (2009). Cafeine intake and fecundability: A follow-up study among 430 Danish couples planning their frst pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update 15:31-44.
    • (2009) Hum Reprod Update , vol.15 , pp. 31-44
    • Waylen, A.L.1    Metwally, M.2    Jones, G.L.3    Wilkinson, A.J.4    Ledger, W.L.5
  • 259
    • 0024591780 scopus 로고
    • Reduced fecundability in women with prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking
    • Weinberg CR, Wilcox AJ, Baird DD. (1989). Reduced fecundability in women with prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking. Am J Epidemiol 129:1072-1078.
    • (1989) Am J Epidemiol , vol.129 , pp. 1072-1078
    • Weinberg, C.R.1    Wilcox, A.J.2    Baird, D.D.3
  • 261
    • 0024334009 scopus 로고
    • Cotinine levels in follicular fuid and serum of IVF patients: Efect on granulosa-luteal cell function in vitro
    • Weiss T, Eckert A. (1989). Cotinine levels in follicular fuid and serum of IVF patients: Efect on granulosa-luteal cell function in vitro. Hum Reprod 4:482-485.
    • (1989) Hum Reprod , vol.4 , pp. 482-485
    • Weiss, T.1    Eckert, A.2
  • 262
    • 2442608677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased sex ratio following maternal exposure to polychlorinated biphe-nyls from contaminated Great Lakes sport-caught fsh: A retrospective cohort study
    • Great Lakes Consortium
    • Weisskopf MG, Anderson HA, Hanrahan LP, Great Lakes Consortium. (2003). Decreased sex ratio following maternal exposure to polychlorinated biphe-nyls from contaminated Great Lakes sport-caught fsh: A retrospective cohort study. Environ Health 2:2
    • (2003) Environ Health , vol.2 , pp. 2
    • Weisskopf, M.G.1    Anderson, H.A.2    Hanrahan, L.P.3
  • 263
    • 39649107558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal cafeine consumption during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: A prospective cohort study
    • Weng X, Odouli R, Li DK. (2008). Maternal cafeine consumption during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: A prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 198:279.e1-e8.
    • (2008) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.198
    • Weng, X.1    Odouli, R.2    Li, D.K.3
  • 264
    • 0026652976 scopus 로고
    • Marijuana and reproduction. Efects on puberty and gestation in female rats. Experimental results
    • Wenger T, Croix D, Tramu G, Leonardelli J. (1992). Marijuana and reproduction. Efects on puberty and gestation in female rats. Experimental results. Ann Endocrinol 53:37-43.
    • (1992) Ann Endocrinol , vol.53 , pp. 37-43
    • Wenger, T.1    Croix, D.2    Tramu, G.3    Leonardelli, J.4
  • 265
    • 8044226129 scopus 로고
    • Te value of semen analysis in predicting pregnancy
    • Wichman L. ed. Ser. A. University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
    • Wichman L. (1992). Te value of semen analysis in predicting pregnancy. In: Wichman, L. ed. Acta Universitatis Tamperensis. Ser. A, Vol. 346, p. 5. University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
    • (1992) Acta Universitatis Tamperensis , vol.346 , pp. 5
    • Wichman, L.1
  • 266
    • 0024215307 scopus 로고
    • Cafeinated beverages and decreased fertility
    • Wilcox A, Weinberg C, Baird D. (1988). Cafeinated beverages and decreased fertility. Lancet 2:1453-1456.
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1453-1456
    • Wilcox, A.1    Weinberg, C.2    Baird, D.3
  • 267
    • 0028808233 scopus 로고
    • Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. Efects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy and sex of the baby
    • Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, Baird DD. (1995). Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. Efects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy and sex of the baby. N Engl J Med 333:1517-1521.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1517-1521
    • Wilcox, A.J.1    Weinberg, C.R.2    Baird, D.D.3
  • 269
    • 0033080875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to environmental and mainstream tobacco smoke and risk of spontaneous abortion
    • Windham GC, Von Behren J, Waller K, Fenster L. (1999). Exposure to environmental and mainstream tobacco smoke and risk of spontaneous abortion. Am J Epidemiol 149:243-247.
    • (1999) Am J Epidemiol , vol.149 , pp. 243-247
    • Windham, G.C.1    Von Behren, J.2    Waller, K.3    Fenster, L.4
  • 270
    • 0026693567 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of semen quality in Wisconsin men over one decade
    • Wittmaack FM, Shapiro SS. (1992). Longitudinal study of semen quality in Wisconsin men over one decade. Wis Med J 91:477-479.
    • (1992) Wis Med J , vol.91 , pp. 477-479
    • Wittmaack, F.M.1    Shapiro, S.S.2
  • 271
    • 0029787508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of brain-type cannabinoid receptors interferes with preimplantation mouse embryo development
    • Yang ZM, Paria BC, Dey SK. (1996). Activation of brain-type cannabinoid receptors interferes with preimplantation mouse embryo development. Biol Reprod 55:756-761.
    • (1996) Biol Reprod , vol.55 , pp. 756-761
    • Yang, Z.M.1    Paria, B.C.2    Dey, S.K.3
  • 273
    • 0021729118 scopus 로고
    • Human disposition and some biochemical aspects of methylxanthines
    • Yesair DW, Branfman AR, Callahan MM. (1984). Human disposition and some biochemical aspects of methylxanthines. Prog Clin Biol Res 158:215-233.
    • (1984) Prog Clin Biol Res , vol.158 , pp. 215-233
    • Yesair, D.W.1    Branfman, A.R.2    Callahan, M.M.3
  • 274
    • 0032125496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian semen quality: An analysis of sperm density among eleven academic fertility centres
    • YoungLai EV, Collins JA, Foster WG. (1998). Canadian semen quality: An analysis of sperm density among eleven academic fertility centres. Fertil Steril 70:76-80.
    • (1998) Fertil Steril , vol.70 , pp. 76-80
    • Younglai, E.V.1    Collins, J.A.2    Foster, W.G.3
  • 275
    • 0036089609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of environmental contaminants in human follicular fuid, serum, and seminal plasma of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization
    • YoungLai EV, Foster WG, Hughes EG, Trim K, Jarrell JF. (2002). Levels of environmental contaminants in human follicular fuid, serum, and seminal plasma of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:121-126.
    • (2002) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.43 , pp. 121-126
    • Younglai, E.V.1    Foster, W.G.2    Hughes, E.G.3    Trim, K.4    Jarrell, J.F.5
  • 276
    • 0034025712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and reproduction: Gene damage to human gametes and embryos
    • Zenzes MT. (2000). Smoking and reproduction: Gene damage to human gametes and embryos. Hum Reprod Update 6:122-131.
    • (2000) Hum Reprod Update , vol.6 , pp. 122-131
    • Zenzes, M.T.1
  • 277
    • 0029147460 scopus 로고
    • Cadmium accumulation in follicular fuid of women in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is higher in smokers
    • Zenzes MT, Krishnan S, Krishnan B, Zhang H, Casper RF. (1995). Cadmium accumulation in follicular fuid of women in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is higher in smokers. Fertil Steril 64:599-603.
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.64 , pp. 599-603
    • Zenzes, M.T.1    Krishnan, S.2    Krishnan, B.3    Zhang, H.4    Casper, R.F.5
  • 278
    • 0029560921 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking may afect meiotic maturation of human oocytes
    • Zenzes MT, Wang P, Casper RF. (1995). Cigarette smoking may afect meiotic maturation of human oocytes. Hum Reprod 10:3213-3217.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 3213-3217
    • Zenzes, M.T.1    Wang, P.2    Casper, R.F.3
  • 280
    • 0033013438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen quality changes among 2343 healthy Slovenian men included in an IVF-ET programme from 1983 to 1996
    • Zorn B, Virant-Klun I, Verdenik I, Meden-Vrtovec H. (1999). Semen quality changes among 2343 healthy Slovenian men included in an IVF-ET programme from 1983 to 1996. Int J Androl 22:178-183.
    • (1999) Int J Androl , vol.22 , pp. 178-183
    • Zorn, B.1    Virant-Klun, I.2    Verdenik, I.3    Meden-Vrtovec, H.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.