Legitimacy and Deterrence Effects in Counterterrorism Policing: A Study of Muslim Americans

Law and Society Review

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 365-402

  Tyler, Tom R ^a   Schulhofer, Stephen ^a   Huq, Aziz Z ^b  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO LAW SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954717343     PISSN: 00239216     EISSN: 15405893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5893.2010.00405.x     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Ajzen Icek, Fishbein Martin. Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior 1980, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall
2. Standard Definitions: Final Disposition of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys 2008, American Association for Public Opinion Research, 5th ed, Lenexa, KS, AAPOR
3. Bayley David, Mendelsohn Harold. Minorities and the Police 1969, New York, Free Press
4. Bayley David, Weisburd David. Cops and Spooks: The Role of the Police in Counterterrorism. To Protect and To Serve 2009, Weisburd D, New York, Springer
5. Benjamin Daniel, Simon Steven. The Next Attack: The Globalization of Jihad 2005, London, Hodder & Staughton
6. Blader Steven L, Tyler Tom R. Testing and Expanding the Group Engagement Model. J. of Applied Psychology 2009, 94:445-64.
7. Brockner Joel. Culture and Procedural Justice: The Influence of Power Distance on Reactions to Voice. J. of Experimental Social Psychology 2001, 37:300-15.
8. Clarke Peter. 2009, " The Courts and Terrorism: Transatlantic Observations." Presented at the Center for Law and Security Conference, New York University School of Law, 15 April
9. Collins Reed. Strolling While Poor: How Broken-Windows Policing Created a New Crime in Baltimore. Georgetown Journal on Law and Policy 2007, 14:419-39.
10. Crenshaw Martha. The Causes of Terrorism. Comparative Politics 1981, 13:379-99.
11. Crenshaw Martha. Terrorism, Legitimacy, and Power 1983, Middleton, CT, Wesleyan Univ. Press
12. Curtin Roger. Changes in Telephone Survey Nonresponse Over the Past Quarter Century. Public Opinion Q. 2005, 69:87-98.
13. Davis Darren W. Negative Liberty 2007, New York, Russell Sage
14. Davis Darren W, Silver Brian D. Civil Liberties vs. Security: Public Opinion in the Context of the Terrorist Attacks on America. American J. of Political Science 2004, 48:28-46.
15. Delgado Richard. Law Enforcement in Subordinated Communities: Innovation and Response. Michigan Law Rev. 2008, 106:1193-212.
16. Dickey Christopher. Securing the City: Inside America's Best Counterterrorism Force-the NYPD 2009, New York, Simon & Schuster
17. Donohue Laura K. The Cost of Counterterrorism: Power, Politics, and Liberty 2008, Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press
18. English Richard F. Terrorism: How to Respond 2009, Oxford, Oxford Univ. Press
19. Fair Christine. (in press) " Pakistan's Own War on Terror,", forthcoming
20. Fischer Ronald. Support for Resistance Among Iraqi Students. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 2008, 30:1-9.
21. French John R P, Raven Bertram. The Bases of Social Power. Studies in Social Power 1959, Cartwright D, in, ed., Ann Arbor, Univ. of Michigan Press
22. Harb Charles. 2006, " Understanding Support for Resistance in Iraq." Paper presented at 18th Congress of the International Association of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Spetses, Greece, July
23. Harcourt Bernard. Illusion of Order: The False Promises of Broken Windows Policing 2001, Cambridge, MA, Harvard Univ. Press
24. Hasisi Badi. The Impact of Policing Terrorism on Society. To Protect and To Serve 2009, Weisburd D. New York, Springer
25. Hofstede Gerde. Culture's Consequences 1980, Beverly Hills, Sage
26. Huq Aziz Z, Muller Christopher. The War on Crime as Precursor to the War on Terror. International J. of Law, Crime, and Justice 2008, 1:215-29.
27. Kalyvas Stathis N. The Logic of Violence in Civil War 2006, Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press
28. Katz Jack. Seductions of Crime 1988, New York, Basic
29. Kelling George L, Coles Catherine M. Fixing Broken Windows 1996, New York, Touchstone
30. Kelman Herbert C, Hamilton V Lee. Crimes of Obedience 1989, New Haven, CT, Yale Univ. Press
31. Kepel George. Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 2002, Cambridge, MA, Harvard Univ. Press
32. Kilcullen David. The Accidental Guerrilla: Fighting Small Wars in the Midst of a Big One 2009, New York, Oxford Univ. Press
33. Krueger Alan B, Maleckova Jitka. Education, Poverty and Terrorism. J. of Economic Perspectives 2003, 17:119-44.
34. LaFree Gary, Ackerman Gary. The Empirical Study of Terrorism: Social and Legal Research. Annual Rev. of Law and Social Science 2009, 5:347-74.
35. LaFree Gary. The Impact of British Counterterrorist Strategies on Political Violence in Northern Ireland: Comparing Deterrence and Backlash Models. Criminology 2009, 47:17-45.
36. Leonard Karen I. Muslims in the United States 2003, New York, Russell Sage
37. Lum Cynthia, Haberfield Maria. Police Activities to Counter Terrorism. To Protect and To Serve 2009, Weisburd D, New York, Springer
38. Lum Cynthia, Kennedy Leslie W. Are Counter-Terrorism Strategies Effective? The Results of the Campbell Systematic Review on Counter-Terrorism Evaluation Research. J. of Experimental Criminology 2006, 2:489-516.
39. McCauley Clark. Psychological Issues in Understanding Terrorism and the Response to Terrorism. Psychology of Terrorism 2006, Bongar B. Oxford, Oxford Univ. Press
40. McCauley Clark, Scheckter Sarah. What's Special about U.S. Muslims? The War on Terrorism as Seen by Muslims in the United States, Morocco, Egypt, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 2008, 31:973-80.
41. Nagin Daniel S. Criminal Deterrence at the Onset of the 21st Century. Crime and Justice 1998, 23:1-42.
42. Napier Jamie, Tyler Tom R. Does Moral Conviction Really Override Concerns About Procedural Justice? Social Justice Research 2008, 21:509-28.
43. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States 2004, National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, New York, W. W. Norton
44. Nguyen Tram. We Are All Suspects Now: Untold Stories from Immigrant Communities After 9/11 2005, Boston, Beacon Press
45. Oliver Willard M. Homeland Security for Policing 2006, Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall
46. Pargeter Alison. The New Frontiers of Jihad: Radical Islam in Europe 2008, Philadelphia, Univ. of Pennsylvania Press
47. The Great Divide: How Westerners and Muslims View Each Other 2006, Pew Research Center, Washington, DC, Pew Research Center
48. Posner Richard. Countering Terrorism: Blurred Focus, Halting Steps 2007, Lanham, MD, Rowman & Littlefield
49. Rabasa Angel M. The Muslim World after 9/11 2004, Santa Monica, CA, RAND
50. Rashbaum William. 2006, " Informant in Bomb Plot Tells of His Visits to Mosques,", New York/Region section, 2 May
51. Reisig Michael D. The Construct Validity and Refinement of Process-Based Policing Measures. Criminal Justice and Behavior 2007, 34:1005-28.
52. Sampson Robert J. Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy. Science 1997, 277:918-24.
53. Shapiro Jacob N C, Fair Christine. Understanding Support for Islamist Militancy in Pakistan. International Security 2009, 34:79-118.
54. Sharp Gene. The Politics of Non-Violent Actions 1973, Boston, Porter Sargent
55. Sherman Lawrence. Defiance, Deterrence, and Irrelevance: A Theory of Criminal Sanction. J. of Research in Crime and Delinquency 1993, 30:445-73.
56. Skitka Linda, Mullen Elizabeth. Understanding Judgments of Fairness in a Real-World Political Context: A Test of the Value Protection Model of Justice Reasoning. Personality and Social Psychology Bull. 2002, 28:1419-29.
57. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing: The Evidence 2004, Skogan Wesley GFrydl Kathleen. eds, Washington, DC, The National Academies Press
58. Smelser Neil J. The Faces of Terrorism: Social and Psychological Dimensions 2007, Princeton, NJ, Princeton Univ. Press
59. Sullivan John L. Political Tolerance and American Democracy 1982, Chicago, Univ. of Chicago Press
60. Sunshine Jason, Tyler Tom R. The Role of Procedural Justice and Legitimacy in Shaping Public Support for Policing. Law & Society Rev. 2003, 37:555-89.
61. Tankebe Justice. Public Cooperation With the Police in Ghana: Does Procedural Fairness Matter? Criminology 2009a, 47:1265-93.
62. Tankebe Justice. Self-Help, Policing, and Procedural Justice: Ghanaian Vigilantism and the Rule of Law. Law & Society Rev. 2009b, 43:245-68.
63. Tyler Tom R. Legitimacy and Legitimation. Annual Rev. of Psychology 2006a, 57:375-400.
64. Tyler Tom R. Why People Obey the Law 2006b, Princeton, NJ, Princeton Univ. Press
65. Tyler Tom R. Psychology and the Design of Legal Institutions 2007, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Wolf Legal Publishers
66. Tyler Tom R. Psychology and Institutional Design. Rev. of Law and Economics 2008, 4. (symposium issue on " Law and Social Norms" ). The Berkeley Electronic Press 801-87.
67. Tyler Tom R. Legitimacy and Criminal Justice: The Benefits of Self-Regulation. Ohio State J. of Criminal Law 2009, 7:307-59.
68. Tyler Tom R, Fagan Jeffrey. Legitimacy and Cooperation: Why Do People Help the Police Fight Crime in Their Communities? Ohio State J. of Criminal Law 2008, 6:231-75.
69. Tyler Tom R, Huo Yuen. Trust in the Law 2002, New York, Russell Sage
70. Tyler Tom R, Lind E Allan. Cultural Values and Authority Relations. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 2000, 6:1138-63.
71. Tyler Tom R, Sherman Lawrence. Reintegrative Shaming, Procedural Justice, and Recidivism: The Engagement of Offenders' Psychological Mechanisms in the Canberra RISE Drinking-and-Driving Experiment. Law & Society Rev. 2007, 41:553-86.
72. Varshney Ashutosh. Nationalism, Ethnic Conflict, and Rationality. Perspectives on Politics 2003, 1:85-99.
73. Voigt Stefan. Islam and the Institutions of a Free Society. The Independent Rev. 2005, 10:59-82.
74. Weber Max. Economy and Ssociety 1968, Roth GWittich C. Eds, New York, Bedminster
75. To Protect and Serve: Policing in an Age of Terrorism 2009, Weisburd David. eds, New York, Springer
76. Yavari Neguin. Muslim Communities in New York City. International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World Newsletter 2002, 10:35.