Lowering social security's duration-of-marriage requirement: Distributional effects for future female retirees

Journal of Women and Aging

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 184-203

  Tamborini, Christopher R ^a   Whitman, Kevin ^a  

^a SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION   (United States)

Author keywords

Divorce; Microsimulation; Policy analysis; Social security; Women

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DIVORCE; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCOME; MARRIAGE; MIDDLE AGED; POLICY; POVERTY; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL SECURITY; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES;

AGED; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DIVORCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCOME; MARRIAGE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, ECONOMETRIC; POVERTY; PUBLIC POLICY; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL SECURITY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 77954713638     PISSN: 08952841     EISSN: 15407322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2010.495565     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Berkowitz, E. D. (2002). Family benefits in Social Security: A historical commentary. In M. M. Favreault, F. J. Sammartino, & C. E. Steuerle (Eds.), Social Security and the family: Addressing unmet needs in an underfunded system (pp. 19-46). Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
2. Biggs, A. G., Sarney, M., & Tamborini, C. R. (2009). Toward a Social Security progressivity index. Issue Paper No. 2009-01. Washington, DC: Social Security Administration.
3. Blau, F. D., Ferber, M., & Winkler, A. (2006). The economics of women, men and work (5th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
4. Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds. (2004). 2004 annual report. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/TR/TR04/tr04.pdf
5. Butrica, B. A., & Iams, H. M. (2000). Divorced women at retirement: Projections of economic well-being in the near future. Social Security Bulletin, 63(3), 3-12.
6. Butrica, B. A., & Iams, H. M. (2003). The impact of minority group status on the projected retirement income of divorced women in the baby boom cohort. Journal of Women & Aging, 15(2/3), 67-88.
7. Butrica, B. A., Iams, H. M., & Smith, K. (2003). It's all relative: Understanding the retirement prospects of baby boomers. Working Paper No. 2003-21. Chestnut Hill, MA: Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.
8. Cherlin, A. J. (1992). Marriage, divorce, and remarriage (rev. ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
9. Congressional Budget Office (CBO). (1986). Earnings sharing options for the Social Security system. Washington, DC: The Congress of the United States Congressional Budget Office.
10. Dewitt, L. W., Béland, D., & Berkowitz, E. D. (2008). Social Security: A documentary history. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
11. Favreault, M. M., Sammartino, F. J., & Steuerle, C. E. (Eds.). 2002a. Social Security and the family: Addressing unmet needs in an underfunded system. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
12. Favreault, M. M., Sammartino, F. J., & Steuerle, C. E. (2002b). Social Security benefits for spouses and survivors: Options for change. In M. M. Favreault, F. J. Sammartino, & C. E. Steuerle (Eds.), Social Security and the family: Addressing unmet needs in an underfunded system (pp. 177-227). Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
13. Favreault, M., & Smith, K. (2004). A primer on the Dynamic Simulation of Income Model (DYNASIM3). Discussion Papers from the Retirement Project. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.
14. Favreault, M. M., & Steuerle, C. E. (2007). Social Security spouse and survivor benefits for the modern family. The Retirement Project, Discussion Paper 07-01. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.
15. Forman, J. B. (2006). Making America work. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press.
16. Goda, G. S., Shoven, J. B., & Slavov, S. N. (2007). Social Security and the timing of divorce. NBER Working Paper. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
17. Goldstein, J., & Kenney, C. (2001). Marriage delayed or marriage forgone? New cohort forecasts of first marriage for U.S. women. American Sociological Review, 66,506-519.
18. Goldstein, J. R. (1999). The leveling of divorce in the United States. Demography, 36(3),40-414.
19. Harrington Meyer, M., Wolf, D. A., & Himes, C. L. (2006). Declining eligibility for Social Security spouse and widow benefits in the United States? Research on Aging, 28(2), 240-260.
20. Hartmann, H., Hill, C., & Witter, L. (2000). Strengthening Social Security for women. Washington, DC: Institute for Women's Policy Research and the National Council of Women's Organizations' Task Force on Women and Social Security.
21. Herd, P. (2006). Crediting care or marriage? Reforming Social Security family benefits. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 61B, S24-S34.
22. Holden, K. C., & Kuo, H. H. D. (1996). Complex marital histories and economic well-being: The continuing legacy of divorce and widowhood as the HRS cohort approaches retirement. The Gerontologist, 36(3), 383-390.
23. Iams, H. M., Reznik, G., & Tamborini, C. R. (2009). Earnings sharing in Social Security: Projected impacts of alternative proposals using the MINT model. Social Security Bulletin, 69(1), 1-17.
24. Iams, H. M., Reznit, G., & Tamborini, C. R. (2010). Earning sharing in the U.S. Social Security System. A microsimulation analysis of future female retirees. The Gerontologist. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1093/geront/gn9032
25. Kingson, E. R., & O'Grady-LeShane, R. (1993). The effects of caregiving on women's Social Security benefits. The Gerontologist, 33(2), 230-239.
26. Martini, A., & Trivellato, U. (1997). The role of survey data in microsimulation models for social policy analysis. Labour, 11(1), 83-112.
27. Mitton, L., Sutherland, H., & Weeks, M. (2000). Microsimulation modelling for policy analysis. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
28. Panis, C., & Lillard, L. (1999). Near-term model development, part II. Final Report, SSA Contract No. 600-96-27335. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.
29. Remler, D., Zivin, J. G., & Glied, S. (2004). Modeling health insurance expansions: Effect of alternate approaches. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 23(2),291-314.
30. Shaw, L., Zuckerman, D., & Hartmann, H. (1998). The impact of Social Security's reform on women. Washington, DC: Institute for Women's Policy Research.
31. Smeeding, T. M. (1999). Social Security reform: Improving benefit adequacy and economic security for women. Center for Retirement Research Working Paper, No 16/1999. Chestnut Hill, MA: Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.
32. Smith, K. E., Cashin, D. B., & Favreault, M. M. (2005). Modeling income in the near term 4. Final Report, SSA Contract No. 0600-01-60123. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
33. Social Security Administration (SSA). (2010). Annual statistical supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2009. Washington, DC: Author.
34. Social Security Administration (SSA). (2009). Income of the population 55 or older, 2006. Washington, DC: Office of Retirement and Disability Policy.
35. Stanfield, R., & Nicolaou, C. (2000). Social Security: Out of step with the modern family. Washington DC: Urban Institute.
36. Tamborini, C. R. (2007). The never-married in old age: Projections and concerns for the near future. Social Security Bulletin, 67(2), 25-40.
37. Tamborini, C. R., Iams, H. M., & Whitman, K. (2009). Marital history, race, and Social Security spouse and widow benefit eligibility in the United States. Research on Aging, 31(5), 577-605.
38. Tamborini, C. R., & Whitman, K. (2007). Women, marriage, and Social Security benefits: Revisited. Social Security Bulletin, 67(4), 1-20.
39. Toder, E., Thompson, L., Favreault, M., Johnson, R., Pevese, K.,Ratcliffe, C., Wolf, D. (2002). Modeling income in the near term-Revised projections of retirement income through 2020 for the 1931-1960 birth cohorts. Final Report, SSA Contract No. 600-96-27332. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
40. U.S. Census Bureau. (2007). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2008 (127th ed.). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
41. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration. (1985). Report on earnings sharing implementation study. House Committee on Ways and Means Print No. 99-4. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
42. Weaver, D. A. (1997). The economic well-being of Social Security beneficiaries, with and emphasis on divorced beneficiaries. Social Security Bulletin, 60(4), 3-17.
43. Williamson, J. B., & Rix, S. E. (2000). Social Security reform: Implications for women. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 11(4), 41-68.