Politicians and the news media: How elite attacks influence perceptions of media bias

International Journal of Press/Politics

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 319-343

  Smith, Glen R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Media bias; Party identity; Political perceptions

Indexed keywords

EID: 77954611619     PISSN: 19401612     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1940161210367430     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Baum, Matthew A., and Tim Groeling. 2009. Shot by the Messenger: Partisan Cues and Public Opinion Regarding National Security and War. Political Behavior 31:157-86.
2. Bennett, W. Lance. 1996. News: The Politics of Illusion. New York: Longman.
3. Christen, Cindy T., Prathana Kannaovakun, and Albert C. Gunther. 2002. Hostile Media Perceptions: Partisan Assessments of Press and Public During the 1997 United Parcel Service Strike. Political Communication 19(4):423-36.
4. Dalton, Russell J., Paul A. Beck, and Robert Huckfeldt. 1998. Partisan Cues and the Media: Information Flows in the 1992 Presidential Election. American Political Science Review 92(1):111-26.
5. Darley, John M., and Paget H. Gross. 1983. A Hypothesis-Confirming Bias in Labeling Effects Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44(1):20-33.
6. Davies, Martin F. 2003. Confirmatory Bias in the Evaluation of Personality Descriptions: Positive Test Strategies and Output Interference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85(4):736-44.
7. Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper.
8. Eagly, Alice H., Wendy Wood, and Shelly Chaiken. 1978. Causal Inferences about Communicators and Their Effect on Opinion Change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36(4):424-35.
9. Entman, Robert M. 1989. How the Media Affect What People Think: An Information Processing Approach. Journal of Politics 51(2):347-70.
10. Gunther, Albert C. 1992. Biased Press or Biased Public? Attitudes toward Media Coverage of Social Groups. Public Opinion Quarterly 56(2):147-67.
11. Hass, Glen R. 1981. Effects of Source Characteristics on Cognitive Responses and Persuasion. In Cognitive Responses to Persuasion, ed. Richard E. Petty, Thomas M. Ostrom, and Timothy C. Brock. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
12. Hetherington, Marc J. (1996). The Media's Role in Forming Voters' National Economic Evaluations in 1992. American Journal of Political Science 40(2):372-95.
13. Jamieson, Kathleen Hall, and Joseph N. Cappella. 2008. Echo Chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the Conservative Media Establishment. New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Kuklinski, James H., and Norman L. Hurley. 1996. It's a Matter of Interpretation In Political Persuasion and Attitude Change, ed. Diana Mutz, Paul Sniderman, and Richard Brody. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
15. Kunda, Ziva, Geoffrey T. Fong, Rasyid Sanitioso, and Emily Reber. 1993. Directional Questions Direct Self-Conceptions Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 29(1):63-86.
16. Maltese, John Anthony. 1994. Spin Control. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
17. Miller, Joanne M., and Jon A. Krosnick. 2000. News Media Impact on the Ingredients of Presidential Evaluations: Politically Knowledgeable Citizens Are Guided by a Trusted Source. American Journal of Political Science 44(2):301-15.
18. Mondak, Jefferey J. 1993. Source Cues and Policy Approval: The Cognitive Dynamics of Public Support for the Reagan Agenda. American Journal of Political Science 37(1):186-212.
19. Mooney, Brian C. 2008. Analysts See Red in Candidates' Economic Blueprints: Say Proposals Are Ambitious But Implausible Boston Globe, July 10, A10.
20. Nickerson, Raymond S. 1998. Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises. Review of General Psychology 2(2):175-220.
21. Page, Benjamin I., Robert Y. Shapiro, and Glenn R. Dempsey. 1987. What Moves Public Opinion. American Political Science Review 81(1):23-43.
22. Pew Research Center for the People & the Press. 2008. Most Voters Say News Media Wants Obama to Win http://people-press.org/report/463/media-wants-obama.
23. Popkin, Samuel L. 1991. The Reasoning Voter. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
24. Project for Excellence in Journalism. 2008 a. A Continuum of Condemning the Press http://www.journalism.org/node/13165.
25. Project for Excellence in Journalism. 2008 b. Winning the Media Campaign: How the Press Reported the 2008 Presidential Election http://journalism.org/node/13307.
26. Schmitt, Kathleen M., Albert C. Gunther, and Janice L. Liebhart. 2004. Why Partisans See Mass Media as Biased. Communication Research 31(6):623-41.
27. Sears, David O. 1986. College Sophomores in the Laboratory: Influences of a Narrow Data Base on Social Psychology's View of Human Nature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51(3):515-30.
28. Tsfati, Yariv, and Jonathan Cohen. 2005. Democratic Consequences of Hostile Media Perceptions. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 10(4):28-51.
29. Vallone, Robert P., Lee Ross, and Mark R. Lepper. 1985. The Hostile Media Phenomenon: Biased Perception and Perceptions of Media Bias in Coverage of the Beirut Massacre. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49(3):577-85.
30. Watts, Mark D., David Domke, Dhavan V. Shah, and David P. Fan. 1999. Elite Cues and Media Bias in Presidential Campaigns: Explaining Public Perceptions of a Media Bias. Communication Research 26(2):144-75.
31. Zaller, John R. 1992. The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.