Population growth and demography of common loons in the northern United States

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 73, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 1108-1115

  Grear, Jason S ^a   Meyer, Michael W ^b   Cooley Jr , John H ^c   Kuhn, Anne ^a   Piper, Walter H ^d   Mitro, Matthew G ^b   Vogel, Harry S ^c   Taylor, Kate M ^c   Kenow, Kevin P ^e   Craig, Stacy M ^f   Nacci, Diane E ^a  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^b WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (United States)

^c Loon Preservation Committee   (United States)

^d CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UPPER MIDWEST ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^f NORTHLAND COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

common loon; count based population model; demography; density dependence; Gavia immer; matrix population model; population growth rate

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BREEDING SITE; DEMOGRAPHIC TREND; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; GROWTH RATE; HABITAT AVAILABILITY; MONITORING SYSTEM; POPULATION ECOLOGY; POPULATION GROWTH; SURVIVAL; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS; WATERFOWL;

NEW HAMPSHIRE; UNITED STATES; WISCONSIN;

GAVIA IMMER;

EID: 77954499397     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2193/2008-093     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Bordage, D., C. Lepage, and S. Orichefsky. 2003. The 2003 black duck joint venture helicopter survey\Québec. Canadian Wildlife Service Report, Québec Region, Environment Canada, Sainte-Foy, Canada.
2. Brand, C. J., R. M. Duncan, S. P. Garrow, D. Olson, and L. E. Schumann. 1983. Water bird mortality from botulism Type E in Lake Michigan. Wilson Bulletin 95:269-275.
3. Brand, C. J., S. M. Schmitt, R. M. Duncan, and T. M. Cooley. 1988. An outbreak of type E botulism among common loons (Gavia immer) in Michigan's upper peninsula. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 24:471-476.
4. Brown, J. L. 1969. Territorial behavior and population regulation in birds. Wilson Bulletin 81:293-329.
5. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference. Springer, New York, New York, USA
6. Canadian Lakes Loon Survey. 2007. Bird studies Canada home page.,http://www.bsc-eoc.org. Accessed 18 May 2007.
7. Caswell, H. 2001. Matrix population models:Construction, analysis and interpretation. Second edition. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
8. Dennis, B., P. L. Munholland, and J. M. Scott. 1991. Estimation of growth and extinction parameters for endangered species. Ecological Monographs 61:115-143.
9. Dennis, B., J. M. Ponciano, S. R. Lele, M. L. Taper, and D. F. Staples. 2006. Estimating density dependence, process noise, and observation error. Ecological Monographs 76:323-341.
10. Dennis, B., and M. L. Taper. 1994. Density dependence in time series observations of natural populations:estimation and testing. Ecological Monographs 64:205-224.
11. DesGranges, J. L., and M. Darveau. 1985. Effect of lake acidity and morphometry on the distribution of aquatic birds in southern Quebec. Holarctic Ecology 8:181-190.
12. Desorbo, C. R., K. M. Taylor, D. E. Kramar, J. Fair, John H. Cooley, Jr., D. C. Evers, W. Hanson, H. S. Vogel, and J. L. Atwood. 2007. Reproductive advantages for common loons using rafts. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1206-1213.
13. Environment Canada. 2007. Birds oiled at sea web page.,http://www.atl. ec.gc.ca/boas/index-e.html. Accessed 18 May 2007.
14. Evers, D. C. 2007. Status assessment and conservation plan for the common loon (Gavia immer) in North America. U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Technical Publication, Washington, D.C., USA.
15. Fimreite, N. 1974. Mercury contamination of aquatic birds in north-western Ontario. Journal of Wildlife Management 38:120-131.
16. Gostomski, T. J., and P. W. Rasmussen. 2001. Results of the 2000 common loon survey in Wisconsin. Passenger Pigeon 63:15-25.
17. Grant, A., and T. G. Benton. 2000. Elasticity analysis for density-dependent populations in stochastic environments. Ecology 81:680-693.
18. Grear, J. S., and B. D. Elderd. 2008. Bias in population growth rate estimation:sparse data, partial life cycle analysis and Jensen's inequality. Oikos 117:1587-1593.
19. Hemberger, M., D. Euler, and J. Barr. 1983. The impact of cottage development on common loon reproductive success in central Ontario. Wilson Bulletin 95:431-439.
20. Holmes, E. 2004. Beyond theory to application and evaluation:diffusion approximations for population viability analysis. Ecological Applications 14:1272-1293.
21. Holmes, E. E., J. L. Sabo, S. V. Viscido, and W. F. Fagan. 2007. A statistical approach to quasi-extinction forecasting. Ecology Letters 10:1182-1198.
22. Kenow, K., K. Grasman, R. Hines, M. Meyer, A. Gendron-Fitzpatrick, M. Spalding, and B. Gray. 2007. Effects of methylmercury exposure on the immune function of juvenile common loons (Gavia immer). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26:1460-1469.
23. Kenow, K. P., M. W. Meyer, F. Fournier, W. H. Karasov, A. Elfessi, and S. Gutreuter. 2003. Effects of subcutaneous transmitter implants on behavior, growth, energetics, and survival of common loon chicks. Journal of Field Ornithology 74:179-186.
24. Lande, R., S. Engen, and B.-E. Saether. 2003. Stochastic population dynamics in ecology and conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
25. Lande, R., and S. H. Orzack. 1988. Extinction dynamics of age-structured populations in a fluctuating environment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 85:7418-7421.
26. Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33:183-212.
27. Lindsay, A. R., S. S. Gillum, and M. W. Meyer. 2002. Influence of lakeshore development on breeding bird communities in a mixed northern forest. Biological Conservation 107:1-11.
28. Manly, B. F. J. 1997. Randomization, bootstrap and Monte Carlo methods in biology. Second edition. Chapman and Hall, London, United Kingdom.
29. McIntyre, J. W., and J. F. Barr. 1997. Common loon (Gavia immer). Account 313 in A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. The birds of North America, No.313. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C., USA.
30. McNicol, D. K., M. L. Mallory, and H. S. Vogel. 1995. Using volunteers to monitor the effects of acid precipitation on Common Loon (Gavia immer) reproduction in Canada:the Canadian Lakes Loon Survey. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 85:463-468.
31. Mills, L. S., D. F. Doak, and M. J. Wisdon. 1999. Reliability of conservation actions based on elasticity analysis of matrix models. Conservation Biology 13:815-829.
32. Mitro, M. G., D. C. Evers, M. W. Meyer, and W. H. Piper. 2008. Common loon survival rates and mercury in New England and Wisconsin. Journal of Wildlife Management. 72:665-673.
33. Moccia, R. D., A. Yule, I. K. Barke, and J. Austin. 2005. Clostridium botulinum type E neurotoxin in Great Lakes fish:implications for transmission of avian botulism. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2617:80-81.
34. Morris, W. F., and D. F. Doak. 2002. Quantitative conservation biology:theory and practice of population viability analysis. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
35. Nacci, D., M. Pelletier, J. Lake, R. Bennett, J. Nichols, R. Haebler, J. Grear, A. Kuhn, J. Copeland, M. Nicholson, S. Walters, and W. Munns, Jr. 2005. An approach to predict risks to wildlife populations from mercury and other stressors. Ecotoxicology 14:283-293.
36. Smith, J. L., and K. H. Morgan. 2005. An assessment of seabird bycatch in longline and net fisheries in British Columbia. Pacific and Yukon Region, Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report Series 401, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada.
37. Oli, M. K. 2003. Partial life-cycle analysis:a simplified model for post-breeding census data. Ecological Modelling 168:101-108.
38. Parker, K. E. 1988. Common loon reproduction and chick feeding on acidified lakes in the Adirondack Park, New York. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66:804-810.
39. Pfister, C. A. 1998. Patterns of variance in stage-structured populations:evolutionary predictions and ecological implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95:213-218.
40. Piper, W., K. Tischler, and M. Klich. 2000. Territory acquisition in loons:the importance of takeovers. Animal Behaviour 59:385-394.
41. Piper, W. H., C. Walcott, J. N. M. III, M. Perala, K. B. Tischeler, E. Harrington, A. J. Turcotte, M. Schwabenlander, and N. Banfield. 2006. Prospecting in a solitary breeder:chick production elicits territorial intrusion in common loons. Behavioral Ecology 17:881-888.
42. Pokras, M. A., and R. Chafel. 1992. Lead toxicosis from ingested fishing sinkers in adult common loons in New England. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 23:92-97.
43. Pokras, M. A., C. Hanley, and Z. Gordon. 1998. Liver mercury and methylmercury concentrations in New England common loons Gavia immer. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17:202-204.
44. Robertson, R. J., and N. J. Flood. 1980. Effects of recreational use of shorelines on breeding bird populations. Canadian Field-Naturalist 94:131-138.
45. Smith, C. C., and S. D. Fretwell. 1974. The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. American Naturalist 108:499-506.
46. Staples, D. F., M. L. Taper, and B. Dennis. 2004. Estimating population trend and process variation for PVA in the presence of sampling error. Ecology 85:923-929.
47. Stearns, S. C. 1992. The evolution of life histories. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
48. Turchin, P. 1990. Rarity of density dependence or population regulation with lags Nature 344:660-663.
49. Wayland, M., and D. K. McNicol. 1990. Status report on the effects of acid precipitation on common loon reproduction in Ontario:the Ontario Lakes Loon Survey. Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report 92, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.