The encroaching forest: Struggles over land and resources on the boundary of Bwindi impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Society and Natural Resources

Volumn 23, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 776-789

  Laudati, Ann A ^a  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Africa; Conservation; Ecotourism; Human wildlife conflict; Political ecology; Protected areas; Uganda

Indexed keywords

ECOTOURISM; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; FOREST MANAGEMENT; NATURE CONSERVATION; NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONS; PROTECTED AREA; RURAL AREA; RURAL PLANNING; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

BWINDI IMPENETRABLE NATIONAL PARK; SOUTHERN PROVINCE [UGANDA]; UGANDA;

EID: 77954440905     PISSN: 08941920     EISSN: 15210723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08941920903278111     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Adams, W. 2001. Green development. London: Routledge. Adams, W. 2004. Against extinction. London: Earthscan.
2. Adams, W., and D. Hulme. 1998. Conservation and communities. Community Conservation in Africa: Principles and Comparative Practice, Discussion Paper No. 4. Manchester, UK: IDPM, University of Manchester.
3. Agaba, B. 2004. Community resource utilization in BINP. MA thesis, Geography Department, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
4. Anon. 2006. On the survival of great apes and their habitat. Population Dev. Rev. 32(2): 393-396.
5. Archabald, K., and L. Naughton-Treves. 2001. Tourism revenue sharing around national parks in Western Uganda. Environ. Conserv. 28(2):135-149.
6. Baker, J. 2004. Evaluating conservation policy: Examining the impact of ICDPs on protected areas. PhD dissertation, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent at Canterbury, Kent, UK.
7. Baker, J. 2005. Mountain gorillas: Crop raiding and conflict at BINP, Uganda. Unpublished report, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent at Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom.
8. Blarel, B., P. Hazell, F. Place, and J. Quiggin. 1992. The economics of farm fragmentation. World Bank Econ. Rev. 6:233-254.
9. Blomley, T. 2003. Natural resource conflict management: The case of BINP and MGNP. Unpublished report, CARE-International, Kampala, Uganda.
10. Brockington, D. 2002. Fortress conservation: The preservation of the Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania. Oxford, UK: James Currey.
11. Butynski, T. 1984. Ecological survey of the Impenetrable Bwindi Forest, Uganda. Unpublished report for the Government of Uganda, New York Zoological Society, New York.
12. Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Inc. (CARE). 1996. Crop raiding workshop report for BINP and MGNP. Unpublished report, CARE-International, Kabale, Uganda.
13. Duffield, M. 2001. Global governance and the new wars. London: Zed Books.
14. Duffy, R. 2006. Global governance and environmental management. Polit. Geogr. 25(1): 89-112.
15. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2005. Community-based enterprise development for the conservation of biodiversity in Bwindi. Forestry Policy and Institutions, Working Paper No. 11. Rome, Italy: FAO.
16. Forsyth, T. 2003. Critical political ecology. New York: Routledge.
17. Goldsmith, M. 2005. Impacts of habituation for ecotourism on the gorillas of Nkuringo. Gorilla J. 30:11-14.
18. Gray, L. 2002. Environmental policy, land rights and conflict. Environ. Plan. D 20:167-182.
19. Guerrera, W., J. Sleeman, S. Jasper, L. Pace, T. Ichinose, and J. Reif. 2003. Medical survey of the local human population to determine possible health risks to the mountain gorillas of BINP, Uganda. Int. J. Primatol. 24:197-207.
20. Hamilton, A., A. Cunningham, D. Byarugaba, and F. Kayanja. 2000. Conservation in a region of political instability: BINP, Uganda. Conserv. Biol. 14(6):1722-1725.
21. Harcourt, C. 1992. Uganda. In The conservation atlas of tropical forests, ed. J. Sayer, C. S. Harcourt, and N. M. Collins, 262-270. London: Macmillan.
22. Hatfield, R. 2004. The economic value of the mountain gorilla forests. Paper presented at the International Society of Tropical Foresters Spring 2004 Conference: People in Parks: Beyond the Debate, 2-3 April, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
23. Hulme, D., and M. Murphree. 2001. Community conservation in Africa. In African wildlife and livelihoods, ed. D. Hulme and M. Murphee, 1-18. Oxford, UK: James Currey.
24. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2009. 2009 IUCN red list of threatened species. International Union for Conservation of Nature. http://www.iucnredlist.org/ details/39994/0 (accessed 10 August 2009).
25. Jones, S. 2006. A political ecology of wildlife conservation in Africa. Rev. African Polit. Econ. 109:483-495.
26. Kiiza, B., S. Abele, and R. Kalyebara. 2004. Market opportunities for Ugandan banana pro- ducts: National, regional, and global perspectives. Uganda J. Agric. Sci. 9:743-749.
27. Kimer, L., and G. Natabaalo. 2009. UWA invests more in the gorilla tourist industry. Daily Monitor, 25 February. http://www.bushdrums.com/news/index.php?shownews=2136
28. Lanjouw, A., A. Kayitare, H. Rainer, E. Rutagarama, M. Sivha, S. Asuma, and J. Kalpers. 2001. Beyond boundaries: Transboundary natural resource management for mountain gorillas in the Virunga-Bwindi region. Washington, DC: Biodiversity Support Program.
29. Lepp, A. 2002. Uganda's BINP: Meeting the challenges of conservation and community development through sustainable tourism. In Sustainable tourism, ed. R. Harris, T. Griffin, and P. Williams, 211-220. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
30. MacDonald, K. 2005. Global hunting grounds: Power, scale and ecology in the negotiation of conservation. Cultural Geogr. 12(3):259-291.
31. Makombo, J. 2003. Responding to the challenge: How protected areas can best provide benefits beyond boundaries. Unpublished report, UWA, Kampala, Uganda.
32. McNeilage, A., M. M. Robbins, M. Gray, W. Olupot, D. Babaasa, R. Bitariho, A. Kasangaki, H. Rainer, S. Asuma, G. Mugiri, and J. Baker. 2006. Census of the mountain gorilla Gorilla beringei beringei population in BINP, Uganda. Oryx 40(4):419-427.
33. Moore, D. 1998. Clear waters and muddied histories. J. Southern African Stud. 24(2):377-403.
34. Mudakikwa, A., M. Cranfield, J. Sleeman, and U. Eilenberger. 2001. Clinical medicine, preventive health care and research on mountain gorillas in the Virunga volcanoes region. In Mountain gorillas, ed. M. Robbins, P. Sicotte, and K. Stewart, 341-360. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
35. Murombedzi, J. 2003. Revisiting the principles of CBNRM in Southern Africa. Paper pre- sented at the Proceedings of the Regional Conference on CBNRM in Southern Africa, 3-7 March, in Windhoek, Namibia.
36. Mutebi, J. 2003. Co-managed protected areas: From conflict to collaboration. Unpublished report, CARE-International, Kampala, Uganda.
37. Muyambi, F. 2005. Crop raiding: Human gorilla conflicts and its implications for conservation. Paper presented at the International Tropical Forest Conservation Researchers Meeting, 10 March, in Buhoma, Uganda.
38. Namara, A. 2000. People and Bwindi forest. Unpublished report, ITFC, Ruhija, Uganda.
39. Namara, A., and X. Nsabagasani. 2003. Decentralization and wildlife management: Devolving or shedding responsibilities? Environmental Governance in Africa, Working Paper No. 9. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
40. Namara, A. 2006. From paternalism to real partnership with local communities? Africa Dev. 31(2):39-68.
41. Neumann, R. 1998. Imposing wilderness. Berkeley: University of California Press.
42. Neumann, R. 2000. Primitive ideas: Protected area buffer zones and the politics of land in Africa. In Producing nature and poverty in Africa, ed. V. Broch-Due and R. A. Shroeder, 220-242. Stockholm, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.
43. Neumann, R. 2004. Moral and discursive geographies in the war for biodiversity in Africa. Polit. Geogr. 23:813-837.
44. Neumann, R. 2005. Making political ecology. New York: Oxford University Press.
45. Newmark, W., and J. Hough. 2000. Conserving wildlife in Africa. Bioscience 50(7):585-593.
46. Peluso, N. 1993. Coercing conservation? Global Environ. Change 3(2):199-217.
47. Sandbrook, C. 2006. Tourism, conservation and livelihoods. PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University College, London.
48. Schroeder, R. 1999. Geographies of environmental intervention in Africa. Prog. Hum. Geogr. 23(3):359-378.
49. Steklis, H. D. 2004. The impact of tourism on mountain gorillas. Folia Primatoloigica 75(suppl. 1):40-41.
50. Sundberg, J. 2003. Strategies for authenticity and space in the Maya Biosphere Reserve. In Political ecology, ed. K. Zimmerer and T. Bassett, 50-69. New York: Guilford Press.
51. Tansey, G., and T. Worsley. 1995. The food system. London: Earthscan.
52. Terborgh, J., C. Van Schaik, L. Davenport, and M. Rao. 2002. Making parks work. Washington, DC: Island Press.
53. Tukahirwa, E., and D. Pomeroy. 1993. Bwindi Impenetrable Forest: Baseline study report. Unpublished report, Makerere University Institute of Environment and Natural Resources, Kampala, Uganda.
54. Uganda Government. 1996. The Uganda wildlife statute 1996. Uganda Government Gazette No. 321, vol. LXXXIX. Entebbe, Uganda: Government printer.
55. Uganda Wildlife Authority. 2006. Tourist visitors to BINP and MGNP, 1994-2005. http:// data.mtti.go.ug/docs/UWA%20NEWS.pdf (accessed 22 July 2008).
56. Wells, M., and K. Brandon. 1992. People and parks: Linking protected areas with local communities. Washington, DC: World Bank.
57. Wild, R., and J. Mutebi. 1996. Conservation through community use of plant resources. People and Plants Working Paper No. 5. Paris: UNESCO.
58. Wilshusen, P., S. Brechin, C. Fortwangler, and P. West. 2002. Reinventing a square wheel. Society Nat. Resources 15:17-40.
59. World Bank. 1995. Uganda: BINP and MGNP conservation. Global Environment Facility Project document 12430-UG. Global Environment Coordination Division. Washington, DC: World Bank.
60. Young, E. 2003. Balancing conservation with development in marine-dependent communities. In Political ecology, ed. K. Zimmerer and T. Bassett, 29-49. New York: Guilford Press.
61. Zerner, C. 2000. Toward a broader vision of justice and nature conservation. In People, plants, and justice, ed. C. Zerner, 3-20. New York: Columbia University Press.
62. Zimmerer, K. 2000. The reworking of conservation geographies. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 90(2):356-370.