Policy statement - Prevention of drowning

Pediatrics

Volumn 126, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 178-185

  Weiss, Jeffrey ^a   Gardner, H Garry ^a   Baum, Carl R ^a   Dowd, M Denise ^a   Durbin, Dennis R ^a   Ebel, Beth E ^a   Lichenstein, Richard ^a   Limbos, Mary Ann P ^a   O'Neil, Joseph ^a   Quinlan, Kyran P ^a   Scholer, Seth J ^a   Sege, Robert D ^a   Turner, Michael S ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Drowning prevention; Pools; Swimming lessons

Indexed keywords

CAUSE OF DEATH; CLASSIFICATION; COMMUNITY CARE; DROWNING; EDUCATION; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; EQUIPMENT; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; MORTALITY; PEDIATRICIAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SWIMMING; ACCIDENT PREVENTION; CHILD; FEMALE; HEALTH EDUCATION; INFANT; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PEDIATRICS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIMARY PREVENTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAFETY; STANDARD; SURVIVAL; UNITED STATES;

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DROWNING; FEMALE; GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; PEDIATRICS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAFETY MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; SWIMMING; UNITED STATES;

EID: 77954353826     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 10984275     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-1264     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Web-based Inquiry Statistics Query and Reporting System [database]. Available at: www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html. Accessed: August 26, 2009
2. Kyriacou DN, Arcinue EL, Peek C, Kraus JF. Effect of immediate resuscitation on children with submersion injury. Pediatrics. 1994;94(2 pt 1):137-142 (Pubitemid 24236130)
3. Suominen P, Baille C, Korpela R, Rautanen S. Impact of age, submersion time, and water temperature on outcome in near-drowning. Resuscitation. 2002;52(3):247-254
4. Quan L, Wentz KR, Gore EJ, Copass MK. Outcome and predictors of outcome in pediatric submersion victims receiving prehospital care in King County Washington. Pediatrics. 1990;86(4):586-593 (Pubitemid 20337154)
5. Idris AH, Berg RA, Bierens J, et al; American Heart Association. Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from drowning: the "Utstein Style." Circulation. 2003;108(20):2565-2574
6. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Guidelines for Entrapment Hazards: Making Pools and Spas Safer. Washington, DC: Consumer Product Safety Commission; 2005. Available at: www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/363.pdf. Accessed August 26, 2009
7. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 1999-2007 Reported Circulation/Suction Entrapments Associated With Pools, Hot Tubs, Spas, and Whirlpools, 2008 Memorandum. Washington, DC: Consumer Product Safety Commission; 2008. Available at: www.cpsc.gov/LIBRARY/entrap08.pdf. Accessed August 26, 2009
8. Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act. Pub L No. 110-140. Title 14, §1401-1408 (2007)
9. Consumer Reports. Low-cost pools pose hazards to children. Consum Rep Mag Upfront. June 2005:6
10. Consumer Product Safety Commission. CPSC Warns Toddler Drownings Happen Quickly and Silently: Agency Premiers New Pool Safety Public Service Announcement [press release 07-195]. Washington, DC: Consumer Product Safety Commission; 2007. Available at: www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml07/07195.html. Accessed August 26, 2009
11. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Sports Medicine and Fitness and Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Swimming programs for infants and toddlers. Pediatrics. 2000;105(4 pt 1):868-870
12. Blanksby BA, Parker HE, Bradley S, Ong V. Children's readiness for learning front crawl swimming. Aust J Sci Med Sport. 1995;27(2):34-37
13. Parker HE, Blanksby BA. Starting age and aquatic skill learning in young children: mastery of prerequisite water confidence and basic locomotion skills. Aust J Sci Med Sport. 1997;29(3):83-87
14. Brenner R, Taneja G, Haynie D, et al. The association between swimming lessons and drowning in childhood: a case-control study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163(3):203-210
15. Yang L, Nong QQ, Li CL, Feng QM, Lo SK. Risk factors for childhood drowning in rural regions of a developing country: a case-control study. Inj Prev. 2007;13(3):178-182
16. Yoder JS, Hlavsa MC, Craun GF, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water use and other aquatic facility-associated health events: United States, 2005-2006. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2008;57(SS-9):1-29
17. Schoefer Y, Zutavern A, Brockow I, et al. Health risks of early swimming pool attendance. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2008;211(3-4):367-373
18. Bernard A, Carbonnelle S, Dumont X, Nickmilder M. Infant swimming practice, pulmonary epithelium integrity, and the risk of allergic and respiratory disease later in childhood. Pediatrics. 2007;119(6):1095-1103
19. Nystad W, Haberg SE, London SJ, Nafstad P, Mangus P. Baby swimming and respiratory health. Acta Paediatr. 2008;97(5):657-662
20. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Prevention of drowning in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010; 126(1). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/126/ 1/e253
21. Cody BE, Quraishi AY, Dastur MC, Mickalide AD. Clear Danger: A National Study of Childhood Drowning and Related Attitudes and Behaviors. Washington, DC: National Safe Kids Campaign; 2004
22. Thompson DC, Rivara FP. Pool fencing for preventing drowning in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001047
23. Stevenson MR, Rimajova M, Edgecombe D, Vickery K. Childhood drowning: barriers surrounding private swimming pools. Pediatrics. 2003;111(2):e115
24. Branche CM, Stewart S, eds. Lifeguard Effectiveness: A Report of the Working Group. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control; 2001
25. Browne ML, Lewis-Michl EL, Stark AD. Watercraft-related drownings among New York State residents, 1988-1994. Public Health Rep. 2003;118(5):459-463
26. Jones CS. Drowning among personal watercraft passengers: the ability of personal flotation devices to preserve life on Arkansas waterways, 1994-1997. J Ark Med Soc. 1999;96(3):97-98
27. Rauchschwalbe R, Brenner RA, Smith GS. The role of bathtub seats and rings in infant drowning deaths. Pediatrics. 1997;100(4). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/100/4/e1
28. American Academy of Pediatrics; American Public Health Association; Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards - Guidelines for Out-of-Home Child Care Programs. 2nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2002. Available at: http://nrc.uchsc.edu/CFOC. Accessed August 26, 2009
29. Rabinovich BA, Lerner ND, Huey RW. Young children's ability to climb fences. Hum Factors. 1994;36(4):733-744
30. US Consumer Product Safety Commission. Safety barrier guidelines for home pools. CPSC publication No. 362. Available at: www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PUBS/Pool. pdf. Accessed August 26, 2009
31. Quraishi AY, Morton S, Cody BE, Wilcox R. Pool and Spa Drowning: A National Study of Drain Entrapment and Pool Safety Measures. Washington, DC: Safe Kids Worldwide; 2006
32. US Coast Guard. PFD: selection, use, wear and care. Available at: www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg5214/pfdselection.asp. Accessed August 26, 2009
33. Diekema DS, Quan L, Holt VL. Epilepsy as a risk factor for submersion injury in children. Pediatrics. 1993;91(3):612-616 (Pubitemid 23065409)
34. van Weerdenburg K, Mitchell R, Wallner F. Backyard swimming pool safety inspections: a comparison of management approaches and compliance levels in three local government areas in NSW. Health Promot J Austr. 2006;17(1):37-42