The great recession and China's policy toward Asian regionalism

Asian Survey

Volumn 50, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 520-538

  Wan, Ming ^a  

^a GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Asean plus three; Asia; China; Great recession; Regionalism

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC POLICY; FINANCIAL CRISIS; GLOBAL ECONOMY; GLOBALIZATION; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; REGIONALISM; STRATEGIC APPROACH;

CHINA;

EID: 77954292270     PISSN: 00044687     EISSN: 1533838X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/as.2010.50.3.520     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Naoko Munakata, Transforming East Asia: The Evolution of Regional Economic Integration (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2006), pp. 3-4.
2. Edward J. Lincoln, East Asian Economic Regionalism (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2004), pp. 175-76.
3. T. J. Pempel and Shujiro Urata, "Japan: A New Move toward Bilateral Trade Agreement, " in Bilateral Trade Arrangements in the Asia-Pacific: Origins, Evolution, and Implications, eds. Vinod K. Aggarwal and Shujiro Urata (New York: Routledge, 2005), pp. 76-77.
4. In fact, Northeast Asian countries have had difficulties in achieving regionalism among them because of deep-rooted distrust.
5. Gilbert Rozman, Northeast Asia's Stunted Regionalism: Bilateral Distrust in the Shadow of Globalization (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004).
6. Interviews with two senior offcials of the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Tokyo, July 2009.
7. For studies of China-ASEAN relations, see Allen S. Whiting, "ASEAN Eyes China: The Security Dimension, " Asian Survey 37:4 (April 1997), pp. 299-322;
8. Tammy Evans, "Te PRC's Relationship with the ASEAN Regional Forum: Realpolitik, Regime Theory, or a Continuation of the Sinitic Zone of Infuence System?" Modern Asian Studies 37:3 (July 2003), pp. 737-63;
9. Martin Stuart Fox, "Southeast Asia and China: The Role of History and Culture in Shaping Future Relations, " Contemporary Southeast Asia 26:1 (April 2004), pp. 116-39.
10. John Ravenhill and Yang Jiang, "China's Move to Preferential Trading: A New Direction in China's Diplomacy, " Journal of Contemporary China 18:58 (January 2009), pp. 27-46;
11. Jian Yang, "China's Competitive FTA Strategy: Realism on a Liberal Slide, " in Competitive Regionalism: FTA Diffusion in the Pacific Rim, eds. Mireya Solis, Barbara Stallings, and Saori N. Katada (New York: Palgrave, 2009), pp. 216-35;
12. Steve Hoadley and Jian Yang, "China's Cross-Regional FTA Initiatives: Toward Comprehensive National Power, " Pacific Affairs 80:2 (Summer 2007), pp. 327-48;
13. Kevin G. Cai, "Chinese Changing Perspective on the Development of an East Asian Free Trade Area, " Review of International Affairs 3:4 (Summer 2004), pp. 584-99;
14. Elaine S. Kwei, "Chinese Trade Bilateralism: Politics Still in Command, " in Bilateral Trade Arrangements in the Asia-Pacific: Origins, Evolution, and Implications, eds. Vinod K. Aggarwal and Shujiro Urata (New York: Rout-ledge, 2005), pp. 117-39;
15. Fan Yongming, "Quyuxing Guoji Gonggongchanpin Jiexi Quyuhezuo de Lingyige Lilun Shidian" [Regional public goods: Another theoretical perspective for regional cooperation], Shijie Jingji yu Zhengzhi [World Economics and International Politics] (Beijing) 1 (2008), pp. 7-13;
16. Sano Junya, "Higajia Keizai Renkei Kyoka o Motomeru Chugoku" [China wants to strengthen East Asian economic cooperation], in Higajia Keizai Renkei no Jidai [Partnerships for economic development in East Asia], ed. Watanabe Toshio (Tokyo: Toyokeizai shinbosha, 2004), pp. 123-43.
17. For insightful studies on China's thinking and policy toward Asia, see David C. Kang, China Rising: Peace, Power, and Order in East Asia (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009);
18. Gilbert Rozman, Chinese Strategic Tought toward Asia (New York: Palgrave, 2010).
19. As an opposite of such views, see Zhang Shiping, Zhongguo Haiquan [China's maritime power] (Beijing: Renmin ribao chubanshe, 2009). Zhang is a People's Liberation Army (PLA) general and a strategic thinker in the PLA Academy of Military Sciences. He wants to assert China's maritime power and views some Southeast Asian countries and Japan as encroaching China's maritime territories.
20. For example, see Wang Yizhou, Zhongguo Waijiao Xingaodi [Highland over China's foreign affairs] (Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2008), pp. 121-22.
21. Conversely, for some observers outside China, China's interest in Southeast Asia reveals its intention to revive a hierarchical Chinese world order. Evans, "PRC's Relationship with the ASEAN Regional Forum."
22. Ming Wan, "The Domestic Politics of China's Asian Regionalism Policy, " in Trade Policy in the Asia-Pacific: The Role of Ideas, Interests, and Institutions, eds. Vinod K. Aggarwal and Seungjoo Lee (New York: Springer, September 2010, forthcoming).
23. Takeshi Terada, "Constructing an 'East Asian' Concept and Growing Regional Identity: From EAEC to ASEAN + 3, " Pacific Review 16:2 (June 2003), pp. 251-77.
24. Mike M. Mochizuki, "Political-Security Competition and the FTA Movement: Motivations and Consequences, " in Competitive Regionalism: FTA Diffusion in the Pacific Rim, eds. Solis, Stall-ings, and Katada, pp. 54-73.
25. This observation was confirmed by my interviews and discussions with officials and scholars in Tokyo in July 2009 and in Beijing in August 2009.
26. Lin Daizhao, "Lengzhanhou de Yatai Geju yu Zhongri Guanxi" [Post Cold War Asia Pacific and Sino-Japanese relations], Guoji Zhengzhi Yanjiu [Studies of International Politics] (Beijing) 2 (2001), pp. 14-20.
27. Zhang Zuguo, "Riben Maoyi Zhengce de Zhuanbian cong Fouding dao Liyong Diquzhuyi" [Shift in Japan's trade policy: From opposing to utilizing regionalism], Xiandai Guoji Guanxi [Contemporary International Relations] (Beijing) 5 (2002), pp. 40-44.
28. Solis, Stallings, and Katada, eds., Competitive Regionalism: FTA Diffusion in the Pacific Rim.
29. Feng Zhaokui, "Shijiasan Zouxiang Dongya Ziyou Maoyiqu zhi Lu" [10 plus 3: The path to an East Asian free trade area], Shijie Jingji yu Zhengzhi 3 (2002), pp. 21-26.
30. Suthiphand Chirathivat, "ASEAN-China Free Trade Area: Background, Implications, and Future Development, " in Asian Economic Cooperation in the New Millennium: China's Economic Presence, eds. Calla Wiemer and Heping Cao (Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company, 2004), pp. 363-83.
31. Luo Wensheng, "Zhongguo Dongmeng Gonglue" [China's strategy toward ASEAN], Ershi-yishiji Jingji Baodao [21st century business report] (Guangzhou), November 24, 2004, , accessed February 27, 2010.
32. Michael Vatikiotis, "China's Tight Embrace, " Far Eastern Economic Review, July 17, 2003, pp. 28-30.
33. China News Agency, October 21, 2009, , accessed October 21, 2009.
34. Liu Tao, "Hou Jinrong Weiji Shidai de Dongya Huobi Jinrong Hezuo Fansi" [Refection on East Asian currency and financial cooperation in the post financial crisis era], Guoji Wenti Luntan [International Review] (Beijing) 3 (Fall 2008), pp. 83-94.
35. Sun Jie, "Shenhua Yazhou Jinrong Hezuo de Tujing Riben de Zuoyong he Yingxiang" [The path to deepening Asian financial cooperation: Japan's role and influence], Shijie Jingji yu Zhengzhi 5 (2007), pp. 59-66;
36. Gao Haihong, "Dangqian Quaniu Meiyuan Benwei Wenti ji Dongya Quyu Jiejue Fangan" [Te dollar standard in the contemporary world: Problems and East Asian regional solution], ibid., 1 (2008), pp. 69-77.
37. Vinod K. Aggarwal and Shujiro Urata, eds., Bilateral Trade Arrangements in the Asia-Pacific: Origins, Evolution, and Implications (New York: Routledge, 2005).
38. Ravenhill and Jiang, "China's Move to Preferential Trading, " p. 28.
39. The G-8 was the U. S., Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Canada, Italy, and Russia. For the rise of the G-20 after the Asian financial crisis
40. see Mark Beeson and Stephen Bell, "Te G-20 and International Economic Governance: Hegemony, Collectivism, or Both?" Global Governance 15:1 (January/March 2009), pp. 67-86.
41. Wang Yizhou, "Zhongguo Waijiao Shitese" [The ten characteristics of Chinese diplomacy], Shijie Jingji yu Zhengzhi 5 (2008), pp. 11-13.
42. Wei Hongxia, "Dongya Duobian Hezuo Jiqi dui Zhongmei Guanxi de Yingxiang" [Multilateral cooperation in East Asia and its impact on Sino-U. S. relations], ibid., 6 (2008), pp. 13-20.
43. Zhang Xuebin, "Lun Jianli Dongya Ziyou Maoyiqu de Kexingxing" [Te feasibility of building an East Asian free trade zone], Guoji Zhengzhi Yanjiu 2 (2001), pp. 21-28.
44. Ming Wan, "Chinese Security under Globalization, " Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2:3 (September 2009), pp. 21-35.
45. C. Fred Bergsten, Bates Gill, Nicholas R. Lardy, and Derek Mitchell, China: The Balance Sheet: What the World Needs to Know Now about the Emerging Superpower (New York: Public Affairs, 2006), p. 116.
46. From the Chinese perspective, the United States and the West included Russia, which was not an advanced country, in the rich nation club mainly for the political purpose of encouraging Russia down the path of democracy as well as to secure energy supplies.
47. Gao Hua, "Eluosi Jishen Baguo Jituan yu Nengyuan Waijiao" [Russia's membership at the G-8 and its energy diplomacy] Heping yu Fazhan [Peace and Development] (Beijing) 4 2006), pp. 1-7.
48. Yu Yongding, "Jueqi de Zhongguo yu Qiguo Jituan Ershijituan" [A rising China and G-7, G-20], Guoji Jingji Pinglun [International Economic Review] (Beijing) 5 (September-October 2004), pp. 9-12;
49. He Fan, "Zhongguo shifou xuyao jiaru G7?" [Should China join G-7?], ibid., pp. 13-16.
50. Asahi Shimbun, September 28, 2009, , accessed September 28, 2009.
51. The United States and Japan reached an agreement in 2006 to move 8, 000 Marines to Guam and build a new air station to replace Futenma Marine Base. The DPJ opposed the 2006 agreement and wanted to review the plan to build a Futenma replacement.
52. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, "Regional Architecture in Asia: Principles and Priorities, " East-West Center, Honolulu, January 12, 2010, , accessed May 6, 2010.
53. China News Agency, November 13, 2009, , accessed February 27, 2010.
54. Zhongguo Jingji Daobao [China Economic Herald] (Beijing), October 27, 2009, , accessed November 21, 2009.
55. China News Agency, November 9, 2009, , accessed November 9, 2009.
56. For astute observations by foreign journalists, see Jeremy Laurence, "Australia, Japan Pitch Rival Ideas for New Asia Bloc, " Reuters, October 25, 2009, , accessed October 25, 2009;
57. James Hookway, "Competing Visions for Asian Trade Bloc, " Wall Street Journal, October 25, 2009, , accessed October 25, 2009.
58. China Broadcasting Net, October 25, 2009, , accessed October 26, 2009.
59. China News Agency, November 10, 2009,
60. China News Agency, November 10, 2009,
61. October 21, 2009, , accessed October 21, 2009.
62. Tomas Fuller, "ASEAN Summit Turns to Widening Free Trade, " New York Times, October 26, 2009, , accessed October 26, 2009.
63. Guangzhou Ribao [Guangzhou Daily], October 17, 2009, , accessed October 17, 2009.