Toxicological mixture models are based on inadequate assumptions

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 44, Issue 13, 2010, Pages 4841-4842

  Vijver, Martina G ^a   Peijnenburg, Willie J G M ^a   De Snoo, Geert R ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CADMIUM; COPPER; WATER; ZINC;

ECOTOXICOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; NUMERICAL MODEL; ORGANIC COMPOUND; POLICY MAKING; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ENVIRONMENT; LITERATURE; MODEL; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; SHORT SURVEY; SOIL ORGANISM; TOXICOLOGY;

AIR POLLUTANTS; ANIMALS; CADMIUM; COPPER; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HUMANS; METALS; MODELS, STATISTICAL; MODELS, THEORETICAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TOXICOLOGY; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; ZINC;

EID: 77954250004     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es1001659     Document Type: Short Survey

References (5)

1. Bliss, C. I. The toxicity of poisons applied jointly Ann. Appl. Biology 1939, 26, 585-615
2. Loewe, S.; Muischneck, H. Ûber Kombinationswirkungen Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 1926, 114, 313-326
3. Posthuma, L. In Mixture Extrapolation Approaches; Solomon, K. R.; Brock, T. C. M.; Dyer, S. D.; Posthuma, L.; Richards, S.; Sanderson, H.; Sibley, P.; van de Brink, P. J., Eds.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2008.
4. Ashford, J. R. General models for the joint action of mixtures of drugs Biometrics 1981, 37, 457-474
5. Warne, M.St.J.; Hawker, D. W. The number of components in a mixture determines whether synergistic and antagonistic or additive toxicity predominate: the Funnel Hypothesis Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 1995, 31, 23-28