Culture and Customs of the Baltic States

Culture and Customs of the Baltic States

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-276

  O’Connor, Kevin ^a  

^a GONZAGA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 77954133921     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (162)

1. Bilmanis, Alfred. A History of Latvia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1951.
2. Bojtár, Endre. Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People. Budapest:Central European Press, 1999.
3. Dreifelds, Julia. Latvia in Transition. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
4. Eglitis, Daina Stukuls. Imagining the Nation: History, Modernity, and Revolution in Latvia. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002.
5. Gimbutas, Marija. The Balts. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1963.
6. Greenbaum, Masha. The Jews of Lithuania: A History of a Remarkable Community 1316-1945. Jerusalem: Gefen Books, 1995.
7. Hiden, John, and Patrick Salmon. The Baltic Nations and Europe: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century. New York: Longman, 1991.
8. Kõll, Anu Mai, ed. The Baltic Countries under Occupation: Nazi and Soviet Rule 1939-1991. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 2003.
9. Krickus, Richard J. Showdown: The Lithuanian Rebellion and the Breakup of the Soviet Empire. Washington, D.C.: Brassey’s, 1997.
10. Lane, Thomas. Lithuania: Stepping Westward. New York: Routledge, 2002.
11. Levin, Dov. The Litvaks: A Short History of the Jews in Lithuania. Jerusalem: Vad Yashem, 2000.
12. Lieven, Anatol. The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1993.
13. Misiunas, Romuald, and Rein Taagepera. The Baltic States: Years of Dependence. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
14. O’Connor, Kevin. The History of the Baltic States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2003.
15. Pabriks, Artis, and Aldis Purs. Latvia: The Challenges of Change. New York: Routledge, 2002.
16. Page, Stanley. The Formation of the Baltic States. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959.
17. Plakans, Andrejs. The Latvians: A Short History. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1995.
18. Raun, Toivo U. Estonia and the Estonians, 2nd ed. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1987.
19. Senn, Erich. The Emergence of Modern Lithuania. New York: Columbia University Press, 1959.
20. Smith, David J. Estonia: Independence and European Integration. New York: Routledge, 2002.
21. Snyder, Timothy. The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569-1999. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003.
22. Thaden, Edward C., ed. Russia ' s Western Borderlands, 1710-1870. Princeton, N.J.:Princeton University Press, 1984.
23. Urban, William. The Baltic Crusade. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1975.
24. Von Rauch, Georg. The Baltic States: The Years of Independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, 1917-1940. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.
25. Bourdeaux, Michael. Land of Crosses: The Struggle for Religious Freedom in Lithuania, 1939-78. Chulmleigh, UK: Augustine Publishing, 1979.
26. Greimas, Algirdas J. Of Gods and Men: Studies in Lithuanian Mythology. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 1992.
27. Hoppenbrouwers, Frans. “Romancing Freedom: Church and Society in the Baltic States since the End of Communism,” Religion, State & Society, 27, no. 2 (June 1999): 161-73.
28. Vardys, V. Stanley. The Catholic Church, Dissent and Nationality in Soviet Lithuania.Boulder, Colo.: East European Quarterly, 1978.
29. Veius, Norbertas. The World Outlook of the Ancient Balts. Vilnius: Mintis Publishers, 1989.
30. There are many articles in Journal of Baltic Studies concerning religion in the Baltic countries.
31. U.S. State Department’s International Religious Freedom Reports, www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/.
32. On religion in Estonia today, see The Estonia Page’s overview at www.esis.ee/ist2000/einst/society/SOreligion.htm.
33. For more on paganism in Estonia, see “The Heathens in Tartu in 1987-1994.
34. Heritage Protection Club Tžlety,” vinland.org/heathen/pagancee/taara.html.
35. On Lithuanian paganism see www.lithuanian.net/resource/myths.htm.
36. On Latvian paganism, see Jānis Tupešis’s article in Lituanus, www.lituanus.org/1987/87_3_06.htm.
37. Domsch, Michel E., and Désirée H. Ladwig, eds. Reconciliation of Family and Work in Eastern European Countries. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2000.
38. Juozeliuniene, Irena. “Political Systems and Responsibility for Family Issues: The Case of Change in Lithuania.” Marriage and Family Review, 28, nos. 3-4 (1999): 67-77.
39. Zvinkliene, Alina. “The State of Family Studies in Lithuania.” Marriage and Family Review, 22, nos. 3-4 (1996): 203-32.
40. Eglitis, Daina Stukuls. "(Re)Constructing Gender in Post-Communism.” In Imagining the Nation: History, Modernity, and Revolution in Latvia, ed. Daina Stukuls Eglitis, 186-224. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002.
41. Goloubeva, Maria, and Deniss Hanovs, eds. Women in Baltic Societies: Past and Present.Riga: N.I.M.S., 2002.
42. Kaskla, Edgar. “The National Woman: Constructing Gender Roles in Estonia,” Journal of Baltic Studies, 34, no. 3 (Fall 2003): 298-312.
43. Walter, Lynn, ed. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Women ' Issues Worldwide: Europe.Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2003.
44. Zelče, Vita. Nezināmā: Latvijas sievietes 19. gadsimta otrajā pusē (The Unknown: Latvia’s Women in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century). Riga: Latvijas Arhivistu biedriba, 2002. This book contains a useful English-language summary on pages 261-79.
45. For women’s issues, see the United Nations Development Project Web site, which has links to the Baltic countries as well as other former Soviet states: gender.undp. sk/index.cfm. Estonian Women’s Studies and Resource Center (ENUT), www.enut.ee/.
46. Especially helpful are the ministries of education. For Estonia, see www.hm.ee/.
47. For the report by the Lithuanian Ministry of Education and Science, www.mtp.smm.lt/dokumentai/english/Education_LT2003.pdf.
48. Latvia: www.ibe.unesco.org/International/ICE47/English/Natreps/reports/latvia.pdf.
49. A useful source for the fi nancial aspects of information on higher education in the Baltic countries and elsewhere is The State University of New York at Buffalo’s The International Comparative Higher Education Finance and Accessibility Project, www.gse.buffalo.edu/org/inthigheredfi nance/.
50. Bindokiene˙, Danute˙ Brazyte˙. Lithuanian Customs and Traditions. Chicago: Lithuanian World Community, 1989.
51. Tedre, Ülo. Estonian Customs and Traditions. Tallinn: Perioodika Publishers, 1985.
52. Davidson, Alan. The Oxford Companion to Food. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
53. de Gorgey, Maria Gieysztor. Art of Lithuanian Cooking. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2001.
54. Doub, Sire Lisa. A Taste of Latvia. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2000.
55. Imbrasiene˙, Birute˙. Lithuanian Traditional Foods. Vilnius: Baltos lankos, 1998.
56. Kalvik, Silvia. Estonian Cuisine. Tallinn: Perioodika Publishers, 1993.
57. “Baltic Cuisine,” www.russia-in-us.com/Cuisine/Dadiani/balticindex.htm.
58. Cookery Art, www.cookbook.rin.ru/cookbook_e/national.html.
59. Cooks.com. www.cooks.com.
60. The Estonia Page, “Estonian Cuisine,” www.esis.ee/ist2000/einst/culture/cuisine.htm.
61. Estonian Institute, “Estonian Cuisine,” www.einst.ee/publications/cuisine/.
62. “Estonian National Dishes,” www.kokaraamat.ee/rahvustoidud.php?cat=2.
63. Inyourpocket Essential City Guides, “Estonian Cuisine,” www.inyourpocket.com/estonia/tallinn/en/feature?id=55202.
64. Evangelical Lutheran Church of America, “Recipes from Latvia,” www.elca.org/countrypackets/latvia/recipe.html.
65. The Latvian Institute, “Latvian Cooking Traditions and Eating Customs,” www.li.lv/en/?id=30.
66. Steinbergs, A., “Latvian Cuisine,” www.angelfi re.com/al2/LatvianStuff/Cuisine.html.
67. Anthology of Lithuanian Ethnoculture, “Lithuanian Traditional Foods,” http://ausis. gf.vu.lt/eka/EWG/default.htm.
68. Baltic Roads, “Lithuanian Dishes,” www.balticroads.lt/en/learn/dishes.asp.
69. House of Lithuania, “Lithuanian Recipes,” www.houseofl ithuania.org/recipes.html.
70. Cedrins, Inara, ed. Contemporary Latvian Poetry. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1984.
71. Ekmanis, Rudolfs. Latvian Literature under the Soviets, 1940-1975. Belmont, Mass.:Nordland Publishing Company, 1978.
72. Kareva, Doris, ed. Windship with Oars of Light: Modern Estonian Poetry. Tallinn:Huma, 2001.
73. Kurman, George. “Estonian Literature.” In A Case Study of a Soviet Republic:The Estonian SSR, ed. Tönu Parming and Elmar Järvesoo. Boulder, Colo.:Westview Press, 1978.
74. Nirk, Endel. Estonian Literature, 2nd edition. Tallinn: Perioodika, 1987.
75. Rubulis, Aleksis. Baltic Literature: A Survey of Finnish, Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian Literatures. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1970.
76. Silbajoris, Rimvydas. “Post-Soviet Literature in Lithuania: An Overview.” World Literature Today, 72, no. 2 (Spring 1998).
77. Sruoginis, Laima, ed. Lithuania: In Her Own Words. Vilnius: Tyto alba, 1997.
78. Sruoginis, Laima, ed. The Earth Remains: An Anthology of Contemporary Lithuanian Prose. Vilnius:Tyto alba, 2002.
79. Lituanus has a wonderful archive of articles on Baltic culture in general and Lithuanian literature in particular: www.ltuanus.org.
80. Estonian Literary Magazine (ELM) addresses recent developments in Estonian literature: www.einst.ee/historic/literary/index.html.
81. The literary journal Soviet Literature, no. 1 (1989).
82. Latvian literature. Also see the Academic journals World Literature in Review, World Literature Today, and Journal of Baltic Studies.
83. Baerug, Richard, ed. The Baltic Media World. Riga: Flēra, 2005. www.politika.lv/polit_real/fi les/lv/Baltic_Media_World_novaks.pdf.
84. Høyer, Svennik, Epp Lauk, and Peeter Vihalemn, eds. Towards a Civic Society: The Baltic Media ‘s Long Road to Freedom. Tartu: Nota Baltic, 1993.
85. Petkovic, Brankica, ed. Media Ownership and Its Impact on Media Independence and Pluralism. Ljubljana: Peace Institute, 2004. www.mirovni-institut.si/media_ ownership/.
86. Radio and Television in Lithuania: Comprehensive Guide to Broadcasting Sector. Vilnius:Petro Ofsetas, 2004. www.rtk.lt/.
87. Vihalemn, Peeter, ed. Baltic Media in Transition. Tartu: Tartu University Press, 2002.
88. Sokmann, Reet. Estonian Film, 1991-1999. Tallinn: F-Seitse OÜ, 2000.
89. Tapinas, Laimonas. Lithuanian Film Makers. Vilnius: Mintis, 1988.
90. See, for example: “The Estonian Media Landscape,” www.ejc.nl/jr/emland/estonia.html
91. “The Latvian Media Landscape,” www.ejc.nl/jr/emland/latvia.html
92. The Lithuanian Media Landscape,” www.ejc.nl/jr/emland/lithuania.html.
93. A useful resource for international cinema is the annual edition of Variety International Film Guide. Lithuanian Film Center, www.lfc.lt/en>.
94. Overviews of Estonian film: www.estonica.org/and www.efsa.ee/eng/estonianfi lm.html.
95. On-line journal Kinoeye www.kinoeye.org.
96. The Baltic Review: www.tbr.ee/
97. The Baltic Times: www.baltictimes.com/
98. Baltic Business News: www.balticbusinessnews.com/
99. Äripäev: www.aripaev.ee/
100. Eesti Ekspress: www.ekspress.ee/
101. Eesti Päevaleht: www.epl.ee/
102. Postimees: www.postimees.ee/
103. Diena: www.diena.lv/
104. Dienas Bizness: www.db.lv/online/
105. Latvijas Vēstnesis: www.vestnesis.lv/
106. Neatkarıgā Rıta Avıze: www.nra.lv/
107. Kauno diena: www.kaunodiena.lt/lt/
108. Lietuvos aidas: www.aidas.lt/
109. Lietuvos rytas: www.lrytas.lt/
110. Lietuvos žinios: www.lzinios.lt/
111. Baltische Rundschau (German): www.baltische-rundschau.de/
112. Bizness i Baltiia (Russian, Latvia): www.bb.lv/
113. Chas (Russian, Latvia): www.chas-daily.com/
114. Kommersant Baltic (Russian, Latvia): www.kba.lv/
115. Litovskii kur ' er ' (Russian, Lithuania): www.kurier.lt/
116. Molodezh Estonii (Russian, Estonia): www.moles.ee/
117. Nasz Czas (Polish, Lithuania): nasz-czas.tripod.com/
118. Brambats, Karl. “The Vocal Drone in the Baltic Countries: Problems of Chronology and Provenance.” Journal of Baltic Studies, 14, no. 1 (Spring 1983): 24-33.
119. “Estonia,” “Latvia,” and “Lithuania.” In The New Grove Encyclopedia of Music and Musicians. Vol. 19, ed. Stanley Sadie, 357-77. London: Macmillan, 1980.
120. Goertzen, Chris. “Lithuania.” In The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Vol. 8, Europe, ed. James Porter and Timothy F. Rice, 509-15. New York: Garland, 2000.
121. Muktupa-vels, Valdis. “Latvia.” In The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Vol. 8, Europe, ed. James Porter and Timothy F. Rice, 499-507. New York: Garland, 2000.
122. Muktupa-vels, Valdis. “Musical Instruments in the Baltic Region: Historiography and Traditions,” The World of Music, 44, no. 3 (2002): pp. 21-54.
123. Tall, Johannes. “Estonia.” In The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Vol. 8, Europe, ed. James Porter and Timothy F. Rice, 491-98. New York: Garland, 2000.
124. Vık’is-Freibergs, Vaira, ed. Linguistics and Poetics of Latvian Folk Songs. Montreal:McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1989.
125. Cakare, Valda. “The Ecology of Theater in Post-Soviet Latvia.” In Eastern European Theater after the Iron Curtain, ed. Kalina Stefanova, 81-97. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, 2000.
126. Carlson, Marvin. “Report from Estonia.” Slavic and East European Performance, 19, no. 1 (Spring 1999): 62-65.
127. Marcinkeviciute, Ramune. “New Seasons of Hope and Crisis.” In Eastern European Theater after the Iron Curtain, ed. Kalina Stefanova, 103-13. Amsterdam:Harwood Academic Publishers, 2000.
128. Popenhagen, Ludvika Apinyte. Nekrošius and Lithuanian Theatre. New York: Peter Lang, 1999.
129. Rouyer, Philippe and Peter Nagy, eds. The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. Vol. 1: Europe. New York: Routledge, 1994.
130. Skendeliene, Ruta. “Lithuanian Theatre in the Last Ten Years: Directing, Acting, and New Forms of Expression.” Internet-Zeitschrift für Kulturwissenschaften, no. 9 (May 2001). www.inst.at/trans/9Nr/skendeliene9.htm
131. Straumanis, Alfreds, ed. Baltic Drama: A Handbook and Bibliography. Prospect Heights, Ill.: Waveland Press, 1981.
132. Zeltina, Guna. “Latvian Theatre in the 90s: Trends, Repertoire, Personalities.” Slavic and East European Performance, 17, no.1 (Spring 1997): 37-48.
133. International Encyclopedia of Dance. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
134. Central European Review, www.ce-review.org/archiveindex.html.
135. Estonian Music Information Center, www.emic.kul.ee/InglE/.
136. Information Centre of the Estonian Theatre Union, www.estoniantheatre.info/.
137. Latvian National Opera, www.opera.lv/default.asp.
138. The New Theatre Institute of Latvia, www.theatre.lv.
139. Estonian Theatre Information Center, www.estoniantheatre.info/.
140. The Lithuanian Music and Publishing Center has links to numerous useful articles on Lithuanian music. www.mic.lt.
141. Grosa, Silvija. Art Nouveau in Riga. Riga: Jumava, 2003.
142. Hallas, Karin, ed. Twentieth Century Architecture in Tallinn: Architectural Guide.Tallinn: The Museum of Estonian Architecture, 2000.
143. Jomantas, Alfredas. Wooden Architecture in Lithuania. Vilnius: Vaga, 2002.
144. Krastin’š, Jānis. The Masters of Architecture of Riga. Riga: Jumava, 2002.
145. Künnapu, Liivi. Estonian Architecture: The Building of a Nation. Helsinki: The Finnish Building Center, 1992.
146. Vaisvilaite, Irena, A. Sverdiolas, Tojana Raciunaite, and Vida Urbonaviciute. Baroque in Lithuania. Vilnius: Baltos lankos, 1996.
147. Venclova, Tomas. Vilnius: City Guide, 3rd ed. Vilnius: R. Paknys Publishing House, 2003.
148. “The Museum of Estonian Architecture,” www.arhitektuurimuuseum.ee/eam/english/index.htm.
149. The Estonian Institute www.einst.ee/Ea/architecture/index.html.
150. Gimbutas, Marija. Ancient Symbolism in Lithuanian Folk Art. Philadelphia: American Folklore Society, 1958.
151. Jure˙naite˙, Raminta, ed. 100 Contemporary Lithuanian Artists. Vilnius: R. Paknys Publishing House, 2000.
152. Ladjevardi, Hamid, and Barbara Crane. Baltic Art: Contemporary Paintings and Sculptures.Washington, D.C.: U.S.-Baltic Foundation, 2000.
153. Mansbach, S. A. Modern Art in Eastern Europe: From the Baltic to the Balkans, ca. 1890-1939. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
154. Rosenfeld, Alla and Norton T. Dodge, eds. Art of the Baltics: The Struggle for Freedom of Artistic Expression under the Soviets, 1945-1991. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2002.
155. Saliklis, Ruta T. Sacred Wood: The Contemporary Lithuanian Woodcarving Revival.Madison, Wis.: Elvehjem Museum of Art, 1998.
156. For more information on the folk art of Lithuania, see the Web sites “Folk Art” by Elena Počiulpaite˙ at ausis.gf.vu.lt/eka/art/art_c.html.
157. “Lithuanian Folk Art” by Sister Ona Mikaila at javlb.org/bridges/iss999/folkart.html.
158. For Lithuania’s modern art, see the “Art Lithuania” Web site, www.culture. lt/Lietuva/en.html.
159. An excellent resource for the art of Estonia is the Estonia Institute’s Web site, www.einst.ee.
160. Also see the Estonica website, www.estonica. org/.
161. For recent trends in Latvian art, see “The ‘Third Wave’ in Latvia’s New Art” by Helēna Demakova at www.kpp.lv/en/culture/texts_hd_1.php.
162. A series of essays on contemporary art in the Baltic countries may be accessed from the Refl eksija Web site, www.balticart.org/.