메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1851-1865

Microstructural, chemical and isotopic evidence for the origin of late neolithic leather recovered from an ice field in the Swiss Alps

Author keywords

Archaeological leather; Bulk stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios; Climatic changes; Compound specific isotope analysis; Fatty acids; Gas chromatography mass spectrometry; Melting ice patch; Neolithic; Neutral lipids; SEM; Switzerland

Indexed keywords

ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; ARCHAEOLOGY; BIOMARKER; CARBON ISOTOPE; FATTY ACID; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; ICE FIELD; ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS; ISOTOPIC RATIO; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MICROSTRUCTURE; NEOLITHIC; NITROGEN ISOTOPE; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SUBALPINE ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 77953959122     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2010.02.003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (32)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 0023653793 scopus 로고
    • Bone nitrogen isotope composition and climate
    • Ambrose S.H., De Niro M.J. Bone nitrogen isotope composition and climate. Nature 1987, 325:201.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.325 , pp. 201
    • Ambrose, S.H.1    De Niro, M.J.2
  • 2
    • 0026283990 scopus 로고
    • Effects of diet, climate and physiology on nitrogen isotope abundances in terrestrial foodwebs
    • Ambrose S.H. Effects of diet, climate and physiology on nitrogen isotope abundances in terrestrial foodwebs. Journal of Archaeological Science 1991, 18:293-317.
    • (1991) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.18 , pp. 293-317
    • Ambrose, S.H.1
  • 3
    • 0002320381 scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for the relationship of the carbon isotope ratios of whole diet and dietary protein to those of bone collagen and carbonate
    • Springer-Verlag, Berlin, J.B. Lambert, J.B.G. Grupe (Eds.)
    • Ambrose S.H., Norr L. Experimental evidence for the relationship of the carbon isotope ratios of whole diet and dietary protein to those of bone collagen and carbonate. Prehistoric Human Bone - Archaeology at the Molecular Level 1993, 1-37. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. J.B. Lambert, J.B.G. Grupe (Eds.).
    • (1993) Prehistoric Human Bone - Archaeology at the Molecular Level , pp. 1-37
    • Ambrose, S.H.1    Norr, L.2
  • 4
    • 0000927280 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and morphology of plant epicuticular waxes
    • Academic Press, London, D.F. Cutler, K.L. Alvin, C.E. Price (Eds.)
    • Baker E.A. Chemistry and morphology of plant epicuticular waxes. The Plant Cuticle 1982, Academic Press, London. D.F. Cutler, K.L. Alvin, C.E. Price (Eds.).
    • (1982) The Plant Cuticle
    • Baker, E.A.1
  • 5
  • 6
    • 0030424687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The alpine " iceman" and Holocene climatic change
    • Baroni C., Orombelli G. The alpine " iceman" and Holocene climatic change. Quaternary Research 1996, 46:78-83.
    • (1996) Quaternary Research , vol.46 , pp. 78-83
    • Baroni, C.1    Orombelli, G.2
  • 8
    • 79954549466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates
    • Bronk Ramsey C. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 2009, 51(1):337-360.
    • (2009) Radiocarbon , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 337-360
    • Bronk Ramsey, C.1
  • 10
    • 33846330907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern tanning chemistry
    • Covington A.D. Modern tanning chemistry. Chemical Society Reviews 1997, 26(2):111-126.
    • (1997) Chemical Society Reviews , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-126
    • Covington, A.D.1
  • 11
    • 33749535416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hair identification key of wild and domestic ungulates from southern Europe
    • De Marinis A., Asprea A. Hair identification key of wild and domestic ungulates from southern Europe. Wildlife Biology 2006, 12:305-320.
    • (2006) Wildlife Biology , vol.12 , pp. 305-320
    • De Marinis, A.1    Asprea, A.2
  • 12
    • 53949092886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How did domestication change the hair morphology in sheep and goats?
    • De Marinis A., Asprea A. How did domestication change the hair morphology in sheep and goats?. Human Evolution 2006, 21:139-149.
    • (2006) Human Evolution , vol.21 , pp. 139-149
    • De Marinis, A.1    Asprea, A.2
  • 13
    • 0022194567 scopus 로고
    • A Nutritional explanation for body-size patterns of ruminant and nonruminant herbivores
    • Demment M.W., Van Soest P.J. A Nutritional explanation for body-size patterns of ruminant and nonruminant herbivores. The American Naturalist 1985, 125(5):641-672.
    • (1985) The American Naturalist , vol.125 , Issue.5 , pp. 641-672
    • Demment, M.W.1    Van Soest, P.J.2
  • 14
    • 0023466181 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotopes and archaeology
    • DeNiro M.J. Stable isotopes and archaeology. American Scientist 1987, 75:182-191.
    • (1987) American Scientist , vol.75 , pp. 182-191
    • DeNiro, M.J.1
  • 15
    • 0019681135 scopus 로고
    • Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals
    • DeNiro M.J., Epstein S. Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1981, 45:341-351.
    • (1981) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.45 , pp. 341-351
    • DeNiro, M.J.1    Epstein, S.2
  • 16
    • 0022007832 scopus 로고
    • 12C ratios of plant matter during the initial-stages of diagenesis - studies utilizing archaeological specimens from Peru
    • 12C ratios of plant matter during the initial-stages of diagenesis - studies utilizing archaeological specimens from Peru. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1985, 49(1):97-115.
    • (1985) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-115
    • DeNiro, M.J.1    Hastorf, C.A.2
  • 18
    • 0014196771 scopus 로고
    • Leaf epicuticular waxes
    • Eglinton G., Hamilton R.J. Leaf epicuticular waxes. Science 1967, 156:1322-1335.
    • (1967) Science , vol.156 , pp. 1322-1335
    • Eglinton, G.1    Hamilton, R.J.2
  • 19
    • 0002633676 scopus 로고
    • Biomolecular archaeology and lipids
    • Evershed R.P. Biomolecular archaeology and lipids. World Archaeology 1993, 25(1):74-93.
    • (1993) World Archaeology , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-93
    • Evershed, R.P.1
  • 20
    • 57149117880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic residue analysis in archaeology: the archaeological biomarker revolution
    • Evershed R.P. Organic residue analysis in archaeology: the archaeological biomarker revolution. Archaeometry 2008, 50:895-924.
    • (2008) Archaeometry , vol.50 , pp. 895-924
    • Evershed, R.P.1
  • 21
    • 85078980801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of deterioration in leather
    • Elsevier, Oxford, M. Kite, R. Thomson (Eds.)
    • Florian M.-L.E. The mechanisms of deterioration in leather. Conservation of Leather and Related Materials 2006, 36-57. Elsevier, Oxford. M. Kite, R. Thomson (Eds.).
    • (2006) Conservation of Leather and Related Materials , pp. 36-57
    • Florian, M.-L.E.1
  • 22
    • 85030445496 scopus 로고
    • Leather in Antiquity; Sugar and its Substitutes in Antiquity; Glass, 5
    • E.J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands
    • Forbes R.J. Leather in Antiquity; Sugar and its Substitutes in Antiquity; Glass, 5. Studies in Ancient Technology 1966, vol. V. E.J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands, p. 249.
    • (1966) Studies in Ancient Technology , vol.vol. V , pp. 249
    • Forbes, R.J.1
  • 24
    • 0025397859 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of fecal sterols and ketones as indicators of urban sewage inputs to coastal waters
    • Grimalt J.O., Fernadez P., Bayona J.M., Albaiges J. Assessment of fecal sterols and ketones as indicators of urban sewage inputs to coastal waters. Environmental Science & Technology 1990, 24(3):357-363.
    • (1990) Environmental Science & Technology , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 357-363
    • Grimalt, J.O.1    Fernadez, P.2    Bayona, J.M.3    Albaiges, J.4
  • 25
    • 0031424481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual rainfall and nitrogen-isotope correlation in macropod collagen, application as a palaeoprecipitation indicator
    • Gröcke D.R., Bocherens H., Mariotti A. Annual rainfall and nitrogen-isotope correlation in macropod collagen, application as a palaeoprecipitation indicator. Earth and Planetary Science Letter 1997, 153(3-4):279-286.
    • (1997) Earth and Planetary Science Letter , vol.153 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 279-286
    • Gröcke, D.R.1    Bocherens, H.2    Mariotti, A.3
  • 26
    • 0008362425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The curing of hides and skins in European prehistory
    • Groenman-van Waateringe W., Kilian M., Van Londen H. The curing of hides and skins in European prehistory. Antiquity 1999, 73(282):884-890.
    • (1999) Antiquity , vol.73 , Issue.282 , pp. 884-890
    • Groenman-van Waateringe, W.1    Kilian, M.2    Van Londen, H.3
  • 27
    • 33947257398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice-borne prehistoric finds in the Swiss Alps reflect Holocene glacier fluctuations
    • Grosjean M., Suter P.J., Trachsel M., Wanner H. Ice-borne prehistoric finds in the Swiss Alps reflect Holocene glacier fluctuations. Journal of Quaternary Science 2007, 22(3):203-207.
    • (2007) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 203-207
    • Grosjean, M.1    Suter, P.J.2    Trachsel, M.3    Wanner, H.4
  • 28
    • 85128017097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and characterisation of oils and fats
    • CRC/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, F.F. Gunstone, J.L. Harwood, A.J. Dijkstra (Eds.)
    • Gunstone F.D., Harwood J.L. Occurrence and characterisation of oils and fats. The Lipid Handbook 2007, 37-141. CRC/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton. F.F. Gunstone, J.L. Harwood, A.J. Dijkstra (Eds.).
    • (2007) The Lipid Handbook , pp. 37-141
    • Gunstone, F.D.1    Harwood, J.L.2
  • 30
    • 84990859607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fibre structure of leather
    • Elsevier, Oxford, M. Kite, R. Thomson (Eds.)
    • Haines B.M. The fibre structure of leather. Conservation of Leather and Related Materials 2006, 11-21. Elsevier, Oxford. M. Kite, R. Thomson (Eds.).
    • (2006) Conservation of Leather and Related Materials , pp. 11-21
    • Haines, B.M.1
  • 31
    • 85128103292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical and agricultural aspects of lipids
    • CRC/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, F.F. Gunstone, J.L. Harwood, A.J. Dijkstra (Eds.)
    • Harwood J.L., Evans M., Ramji D.P., Murphy D.J., Dodds P.F. Medical and agricultural aspects of lipids. The Lipid Handbook 2007, 703-781. CRC/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton. F.F. Gunstone, J.L. Harwood, A.J. Dijkstra (Eds.).
    • (2007) The Lipid Handbook , pp. 703-781
    • Harwood, J.L.1    Evans, M.2    Ramji, D.P.3    Murphy, D.J.4    Dodds, P.F.5
  • 36
    • 85030426972 scopus 로고
    • (Eds.)Der Mann im Eis. Bericht Über Das Internationale Symposium 1992 in Innsbruck, 1. Veröffentlichungen Der Universität Innsbruck 187, Innsbruck.
    • Höpfel, F., Platzer, W., Spindler, K. (Eds.), 1992. Der Mann im Eis. Bericht Über Das Internationale Symposium 1992 in Innsbruck, 1. Veröffentlichungen Der Universität Innsbruck 187, Innsbruck.
    • (1992)
    • Höpfel, F.1    Platzer, W.2    Spindler, K.3
  • 37
    • 0034329693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C and N stable isotope measurements on Eurasian fossil mammals, 40,000-10,000 years BP: herbivore physiologies and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction
    • Iacumin P., Nikolaev V., Ramigni M. C and N stable isotope measurements on Eurasian fossil mammals, 40,000-10,000 years BP: herbivore physiologies and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2000, 163(1-2):33-47.
    • (2000) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.163 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 33-47
    • Iacumin, P.1    Nikolaev, V.2    Ramigni, M.3
  • 38
    • 0028190941 scopus 로고
    • Epicuticular crystals of nonacosan-10-ol: in-vitro reconstitution and factors influencing crystal habits
    • Jetter R., Riederer M. Epicuticular crystals of nonacosan-10-ol: in-vitro reconstitution and factors influencing crystal habits. Planta 1994, 195:257-270.
    • (1994) Planta , vol.195 , pp. 257-270
    • Jetter, R.1    Riederer, M.2
  • 39
    • 85030426713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in the preservation of manually tanned skin materials
    • October 2008
    • Klokkernes T. Issues in the preservation of manually tanned skin materials. CeROArt 2008, 17. October 2008. http://ceroart.revues.org/index501.html.
    • (2008) CeROArt , vol.17
    • Klokkernes, T.1
  • 40
    • 48749085514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hydrophobic coatings of plant surfaces: epicuticular wax crystals and their morphologies, crystallinity and molecular self-assembly
    • Koch K., Ensikat H.-J. The hydrophobic coatings of plant surfaces: epicuticular wax crystals and their morphologies, crystallinity and molecular self-assembly. Micron 2008, 39:759-772.
    • (2008) Micron , vol.39 , pp. 759-772
    • Koch, K.1    Ensikat, H.-J.2
  • 41
    • 77951092344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding habits, forage selection, and diet overlap in Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) and domestic sheep
    • La Morgia V., Bassano B. Feeding habits, forage selection, and diet overlap in Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) and domestic sheep. Ecol. Res. Earchs 2009, 24:1043-1050.
    • (2009) Ecol. Res. Earchs , vol.24 , pp. 1043-1050
    • La Morgia, V.1    Bassano, B.2
  • 43
    • 0026272361 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal stable-carbon isotope variability in tree rings: possible paleoenvironmental signals
    • Leavitt S.W., Long A. Seasonal stable-carbon isotope variability in tree rings: possible paleoenvironmental signals. Chemical Geology 1991, 87:59-70.
    • (1991) Chemical Geology , vol.87 , pp. 59-70
    • Leavitt, S.W.1    Long, A.2
  • 44
    • 4043063808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major widespread climatic change around 5300 cal. yr BP at the time of the Alpine Iceman
    • Magny M., Haas J.N. A major widespread climatic change around 5300 cal. yr BP at the time of the Alpine Iceman. Journal of Quaternary Science 2004, 19(5):423-430.
    • (2004) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 423-430
    • Magny, M.1    Haas, J.N.2
  • 45
    • 0033031114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of thermal and oxidative degradation on the fatty acid composition of food plants and animals of Western Canada: implications for the identification of archaeological vessel residues
    • Malainey M.E., Przybylski R., Sherriff B.L. The effects of thermal and oxidative degradation on the fatty acid composition of food plants and animals of Western Canada: implications for the identification of archaeological vessel residues. Journal of Archaeological Science 1999, 26:93-103.
    • (1999) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.26 , pp. 93-103
    • Malainey, M.E.1    Przybylski, R.2    Sherriff, B.L.3
  • 47
    • 0242321018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the structure of the plant wax nonacosan-10-ol, the main component of epicuticular wax conifers
    • Matas A.J., Sanz M.J., Heredia A. Studies on the structure of the plant wax nonacosan-10-ol, the main component of epicuticular wax conifers. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2003, 33:31-35.
    • (2003) International Journal of Biological Macromolecules , vol.33 , pp. 31-35
    • Matas, A.J.1    Sanz, M.J.2    Heredia, A.3
  • 48
    • 0020351450 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotopes, photosynthesis and archaeology
    • van der Merwe N.J. Carbon isotopes, photosynthesis and archaeology. American Scientist 1982, 70:596-606.
    • (1982) American Scientist , vol.70 , pp. 596-606
    • van der Merwe, N.J.1
  • 53
    • 0001552846 scopus 로고
    • Carbon isotope in photosynthesis
    • O'Leary M.H. Carbon isotope in photosynthesis. BioScience 1988, 38:328-336.
    • (1988) BioScience , vol.38 , pp. 328-336
    • O'Leary, M.H.1
  • 54
    • 0002325401 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical basis of carbon isotope fractionation
    • Acadenic Press, San Diego, J.R. Ehleringer, A.E. Hall, G.D. Farquhar (Eds.)
    • O'Leary M.H. Biochemical basis of carbon isotope fractionation. Stable Isotopes and Plant Water-Relations 1993, 19-28. Acadenic Press, San Diego. J.R. Ehleringer, A.E. Hall, G.D. Farquhar (Eds.).
    • (1993) Stable Isotopes and Plant Water-Relations , pp. 19-28
    • O'Leary, M.H.1
  • 55
    • 1542351246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial biodeterioration of leather and its control: a review
    • Orlita A. Microbial biodeterioration of leather and its control: a review. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 2004, 53(3):157-163.
    • (2004) International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 157-163
    • Orlita, A.1
  • 56
    • 0002103204 scopus 로고
    • Sources and cycling of organic matter within modern and prehistoric food webs
    • Plenum Press, New York, M.H. Engel, S.A. Macko (Eds.)
    • Ostrom P.H., Fry B. Sources and cycling of organic matter within modern and prehistoric food webs. Organic Geochemistry. Principles and Applications 1993, 785-798. Plenum Press, New York. M.H. Engel, S.A. Macko (Eds.).
    • (1993) Organic Geochemistry. Principles and Applications , pp. 785-798
    • Ostrom, P.H.1    Fry, B.2
  • 59
    • 0034069294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FOCUS: Gough's cave and Sun Hole cave human stable isotope values indicate a high animal protein diet in the British upper palaeolithic
    • Richards M.P., Hedges R.E.M., Jacobi R., Current A., Stringer C. FOCUS: Gough's cave and Sun Hole cave human stable isotope values indicate a high animal protein diet in the British upper palaeolithic. Journal of Archaeological Science 2000, 27:1-3.
    • (2000) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.27 , pp. 1-3
    • Richards, M.P.1    Hedges, R.E.M.2    Jacobi, R.3    Current, A.4    Stringer, C.5
  • 61
    • 0021283620 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals
    • Schoeninger M., DeNiro M. Nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1984, 48:625-639.
    • (1984) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.48 , pp. 625-639
    • Schoeninger, M.1    DeNiro, M.2
  • 62
    • 0020643791 scopus 로고
    • Stable nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen reflect marine and terrestrial components of prehistoric human diet
    • Schoeninger M., DeNiro M., Tauber H. Stable nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen reflect marine and terrestrial components of prehistoric human diet. Science 1983, 220:1381-1383.
    • (1983) Science , vol.220 , pp. 1381-1383
    • Schoeninger, M.1    DeNiro, M.2    Tauber, H.3
  • 64
    • 0023467989 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen isotope ecology in southern Africa: implications for environmental and dietary tracing
    • Sealy J.C., van der Merwe N.J., Lee-Thorp J.A., Lanham J. Nitrogen isotope ecology in southern Africa: implications for environmental and dietary tracing. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1987, 51:2707-2717.
    • (1987) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.51 , pp. 2707-2717
    • Sealy, J.C.1    van der Merwe, N.J.2    Lee-Thorp, J.A.3    Lanham, J.4
  • 66
    • 0000239804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of olive oil by carbon isotope analysis of individual fatty acids: implications for authentication
    • Spangenberg J.E., Macko S.A., Hunziker J. Characterization of olive oil by carbon isotope analysis of individual fatty acids: implications for authentication. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1998, 46:4179-4184.
    • (1998) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol.46 , pp. 4179-4184
    • Spangenberg, J.E.1    Macko, S.A.2    Hunziker, J.3
  • 67
    • 31144451522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical analyses of organic residues in archaeological pottery from Arbon Bleiche 3, Switzerland - evidence for dairying in the late neolithic
    • Spangenberg J.E., Jacomet S., Schibler J. Chemical analyses of organic residues in archaeological pottery from Arbon Bleiche 3, Switzerland - evidence for dairying in the late neolithic. Journal of Archaeological Science 2006, 33:1-13.
    • (2006) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.33 , pp. 1-13
    • Spangenberg, J.E.1    Jacomet, S.2    Schibler, J.3
  • 68
    • 0034832741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Authentication of vegetable oils by bulk and molecular carbon isotope analyses - with emphasis on olive oil and pumpkin seed oil
    • Spangenberg J.E., Ogrinc N. Authentication of vegetable oils by bulk and molecular carbon isotope analyses - with emphasis on olive oil and pumpkin seed oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2001, 49:1534-1540.
    • (2001) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol.49 , pp. 1534-1540
    • Spangenberg, J.E.1    Ogrinc, N.2
  • 70
    • 0026274977 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and function of mammalian sebaceous lipids
    • Stewart M.E., Downing D.T. Chemistry and function of mammalian sebaceous lipids. Advances in Lipid Research 1991, 24:263-301.
    • (1991) Advances in Lipid Research , vol.24 , pp. 263-301
    • Stewart, M.E.1    Downing, D.T.2
  • 71
    • 34548859685 scopus 로고
    • 12C isotope ratios and climatic change
    • 12C isotope ratios and climatic change. Nature 1987, 327:59-60.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.327 , pp. 59-60
    • Stuiver, N.1    Broziunas, T.F.2
  • 72
    • 33947192859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lenk-Schnidejoch. Funde aus dem Eis - ein vor- und frühgeschchtlicher Passübergang
    • Suter P.J., Hafner A., Glauer K. Lenk-Schnidejoch. Funde aus dem Eis - ein vor- und frühgeschchtlicher Passübergang. Archäologie Im Kanton Bern, Band 2005, 6B:499-522.
    • (2005) Archäologie Im Kanton Bern, Band , vol.6 B , pp. 499-522
    • Suter, P.J.1    Hafner, A.2    Glauer, K.3
  • 73
    • 84975017295 scopus 로고
    • Leather manufacture in the post-medieval period with special reference to Northamptonshire
    • Thompson R.S. Leather manufacture in the post-medieval period with special reference to Northamptonshire. Post-Medieval Archaeology 1981, 15:161-175.
    • (1981) Post-Medieval Archaeology , vol.15 , pp. 161-175
    • Thompson, R.S.1
  • 74
    • 0007534612 scopus 로고
    • A key to the identification of some small boreal mammals of central Canada from guard hairs
    • Thompson I.D., Porter M.S., Walker S.L. A key to the identification of some small boreal mammals of central Canada from guard hairs. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 1987, 101(4):614-616.
    • (1987) The Canadian Field-Naturalist , vol.101 , Issue.4 , pp. 614-616
    • Thompson, I.D.1    Porter, M.S.2    Walker, S.L.3
  • 77
    • 0001940855 scopus 로고
    • Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane in the atmosphere: abundance and isotopic composition
    • Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, K. Lajtha, R.H. Michener (Eds.)
    • Wahlen M. Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane in the atmosphere: abundance and isotopic composition. Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science 1994, 93-113. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London. K. Lajtha, R.H. Michener (Eds.).
    • (1994) Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science , pp. 93-113
    • Wahlen, M.1
  • 78
    • 0030967244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in stable carbon isotope ratios within annual rings of Pinus radiata reflect environmental regulation of growth processes
    • Walcroft A.S., Silvester W.B., Whitehead D., Kelliher F.M. Seasonal changes in stable carbon isotope ratios within annual rings of Pinus radiata reflect environmental regulation of growth processes. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 1997, 24(1):57-68.
    • (1997) Australian Journal of Plant Physiology , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-68
    • Walcroft, A.S.1    Silvester, W.B.2    Whitehead, D.3    Kelliher, F.M.4
  • 79
    • 0001276531 scopus 로고
    • A key for the identification of guard hairs of some Ontario mammals
    • Wallis R.L. A key for the identification of guard hairs of some Ontario mammals. Canadan Journal of Zoology 1993, 71:587-591.
    • (1993) Canadan Journal of Zoology , vol.71 , pp. 587-591
    • Wallis, R.L.1
  • 80
    • 0001244612 scopus 로고
    • Habitat Preference and forage consumption by reindeer and caribou near Atkasook, Alaska
    • White R.G., Trudell J. Habitat Preference and forage consumption by reindeer and caribou near Atkasook, Alaska. Arctic and Alpine Research 1980, 12(4):511-529.
    • (1980) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 511-529
    • White, R.G.1    Trudell, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.