Long-duration transmission of information with infofuses

Angewandte Chemie - International Edition

Volumn 49, Issue 27, 2010, Pages 4571-4575

  Kim, Choongik ^a   Thomas III, Samuel W ^a   Whitesides, George M ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Infochemistry; Infofuse; Nitrocellulose; Slow match

Indexed keywords

ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS; INFOCHEMISTRY; NEW APPROACHES;

NITROCELLULOSE;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; INSTRUMENTATION; METHODOLOGY; TIME;

CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES, ANALYTICAL; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 77953954135     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: 15213773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001582     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. S. W Thomas III, R. C. Chiechi, C. N. LaFratta, M. R. Webb, A. Lee, B. J. Wiley, M. R. Zakin, D. R. Walt, G. M. Whitesides, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 9147-9150.
2. J. Akhavan, The Chemistry of Explosives, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2004.
3. M. Hashimoto, J. Feng, R. L. York, A. K. Ellerbee, G. Morrison, S. W Thomas III, L. Mahadevan, G. M. Whitesides, J. Am. Chem. Soc 2009, 131, 12420-12429.
4. S. K. Y. Tang, Z. Li, A. R. Abate, J. J. Agresti, D. A. Weitz, D. Psaltis, G. M. Whitesides, Lab Chip 2009, 9, 2767-2771,
5. For detailed encoding scheme, see Supporting Information of ref. [1].
6. Other weaknesses on which we have not yet focused include low thermodynamic efficiency (for details, see Supporting Information) of coupling the free energy of combustion of nitrocellulose to the emission of photons at frequencies characteristic of atomic emission for the metal ions and sensitivity of the system to the environment (temperature, water content).
7. C. J. Cremers, H. A. Fine, Thermal Conductivity 21, Purdue Research Foundation, New York, 1990.
8. J. S. Wilson, Sensor Technology Handbook, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2005.
9. 2, and NO., could quench the flame. J. B. Bernadou, Smokeless Powder, Nitrocellulose: And Theory of the Cellulose Molecule, University of Michigan Library, 2009, p. 102.
10. -1 on glass wool.
11. S. T. Peters, Handbook of Composites, Chapman & Hall, London, 1998, p. 135.
12. -1); so we can achieve a single pulse by increasing the integration time from 10 ms to 30-40 ms.
13. Fuses crimped into a "tent" configuration must obviously be in the orientation that minimizes contact between the fuse and substrate. [14] Using dual-speed arrangement of FastFuses with SlowFuses on a 8.5" × 11" (ca. 21.5 cm × 28 cm) rectangular piece of fiberglass, we can transmit about 800 characters (with the pulse rate of 10 Hz) of messages for ca. 1 h with efficiency of ca. 0.01 % (for the calculation of efficiency, see Supporting Information).
14. J. S. Wallace, Chemical Analysis of Firearms, Ammunition, and Gunshot Residue, CRC, Boca Raton, 2008, chap. 3.
15. To ignite the FastFuse directly from the hot zone of SlowFuse, we tried a variety of additives at the junction as well as physical methods. Other additives to the junction of the SlowFuse and FastFuse did not assist the SlowFuse in igniting the FastFuse included hydrocarbons (hexanes), alcohols (ethanol), aluminum powder, Zn powder, dicyclopentadiene, 2-butyne-l,4-diol, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, and other oxidants (nitromethane, hydrogen peroxide, di-iert-butylperoxide, sodium perborate, and sodium, pyrophosphate). Physical methods for "handing-off" ignition from, the SlowFuse to the FastFuse were not successful; we tried four methods: 1) wrapping nitrocellulose around the SlowFuse up to three times, 2) resting the FastFuse on the SlowFuse in a collinear arrangement, 3) permeating the SlowFuse with the FastFuse, and 4) wrapping aluminum foil or aluminized mylar around the junction.
16. 3) combine highly flammable materials, strong reducing agents, and oxidizing agents. Although we have not observed any unexpected reactions, care must be exercised in handling such systems. We do not mix the oxidants and reductants directly in solution, and use only several milligrams at a time.