Anatomy and landmarks for branches of the brachial plexus: A vade mecum

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 261-270

  Tubbs, R Shane ^a   Jones, Virginia L ^b   Loukas, Marios ^c   Cömert, Ayhan ^d   Shoja, Mohammadali M ^e   Wellons III, John C ^a   Cohen Gadol, Aaron A ^e  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^c ST GEORGE S UNIVERSITY   (Grenada)

^d ANKARA UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^e INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anatomy; Nervous system; Surgery; Upper limb

Indexed keywords

ANTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS NERVE; ARTICLE; AXILLARY NERVE; BRACHIAL PLEXUS; CLINICAL EVALUATION; DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE; HUMAN; LATERAL PECTORAL NERVE; MEDIAL ANTEBRACHIAL CUTANEOUS NERVE; MEDIAL BRACHIAL CUTANEOUS NERVE; MEDIAL PECTORAL NERVE; MEDIAN NERVE; PALMAR CUTANEOUS NERVE; POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS NERVE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIAL NERVE; SPINAL NERVE; SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE; SURGICAL ANATOMY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; ULNAR NERVE; VENTRAL RAMUS; ARM; HISTOLOGY; INNERVATION; REVIEW; SPINAL ROOT;

BRACHIAL PLEXUS; HUMANS; SPINAL NERVE ROOTS; UPPER EXTREMITY;

EID: 77953941118     PISSN: 09301038     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-010-0620-x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Abrahams PH, Thatcher MJ, Spratt JD (1995) Problem solving for tutorials in clinical anatomy, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 55
2. Bergmann RA (2009) http://www.anatomyatlases.org/Anatomic Variants/AnatomyHP.shtml#TOC
3. Bhatia DN, de Beer JF, van Rooyen KS, du Toit DF (2006) Arthroscopic suprascapular nerve decompression at the suprascapular notch. Arthroscopy 22:1009-1013
4. Bono CM, Grossman MG, Hochwald N, Tornetta P 3rd (2000) Radial and axillary nerves. Anatomic considerations for humeral fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 373:259-264
5. Cravens G, Kline DG (1990) Posterior interosseous nerve palsies. Neurosurgery 27:397-402
6. Ellis H (1960) Clinical anatomy. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, p 78
7. DeFranco MJ, Lawton JN (2006) Radial nerve injuries associated with humeral fractures. J Hand Surg 31:655-663
8. Ebraheim NA, Jin F, Pulisetti D, Yeasting RA (2000) Quantitative anatomical study of the posterior interosseous nerve. Am J Orthop 29:702-704
9. Elgafy HK, Ebraheim NA, Rezcallah AT, Yeasting RA (2000) Posterior interosseous nerve terminal branches. Clin Orthop 376:242-251
10. Fleming P, Lenehan B, Sankar R, Folan-Curran J, Curtin W (2004) One-third, two-thirds: relationship of the radial nerve to the lateral intermuscular septum in the arm. Clin Anat 17:26-29
11. Gerwin M, Hotchkiss RN, Weiland AJ (1996) Alternative operative exposures of the posterior aspect of the humeral diaphysis with reference to the radial nerve. J Bone Joint Surg Am 78:1690-1695
12. Grant JCB (1947) An atlas of anatomy, 2nd edn. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, p 112
13. Gray H (1918) Anatomy of the human body. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. Bartleby.com, 2000. http://www.bartleby.com/107/
14. Guse TR, Ostrum RF (1995) The surgical anatomy of the radial nerve around the humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res 320:149-153
15. Hansasuta A, Tubbs RS, Grabb P (2001) Surgical relationship of the medial pectoral nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve: a cadaveric study. Neurosurgery 48:203-207
16. Healey JE (1969) A synopsis of clinical anatomy. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, p 55
17. Henry AK (1973) Extensile exposure, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 68-72
18. Holstein A, Lewis GM (1963) Fractures of the humerus with radial nerve paralysis. J Bone Joint Surg 45:1382-1388
19. Hoppenfeld S, de Boer P (2003) The elbow, in surgical exposures in orthopaedics: the anatomic approach, 3rd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 105-139
20. Kellog LC (1934) The anatomy of surgical approaches. William Wood & Co., Baltimore, p 35
21. Loukas M, Louis RG Jr, Fitzsimmons J, Colborn G (2006) The surgical anatomy of the ansa pectoralis. Clin Anat 19:685-693
22. Macchi V, Tiengo C, Porzionato A, Parenti A, Stecco C, Mazzoleni F, De Caro R (2007) Medial and lateral pectoral nerves: courses and branches. Clin Anat 20:157-162
23. Mekhail AO, Ebraheim NA, Jackson WT, Yeasting RA (1996) Anatomic considerations for the anterior exposure of the proximal portion of the radius. J Hand Surg [Am] 21:794-801
24. Narakas A (1989) Compression syndromes about the shoulder including brachial plexus. In: Szabo RM (ed) Nerve compression syndromes diagnosis and treatment. Slack Incorporated, New Jersey, pp 234-246
25. O'Rahilly R (1986) Anatomy. A regional study of human structure, 5th edn. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, p 312
26. Oh CS, Chung IH, Koh KS (2000) Anatomical study of the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus and the anterior interosseous nerve in Asians. Clin Anat 13:434-438
27. Ramamurthy S, Hickey R, Maytorena A, Hoffman J, Kalantri A (1990) Long thoracic nerve block. Anesth Analg 71:197-199
28. Rengachary SS (1985) Entrapment neuropathies. In: Wilkins RH, Rengachary SS (eds) Neurosurgery. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 1771-1795
29. Schäfer EA, Thane GD (1896) Quain's elements of anatomy, 10th edn. Longmans, Green and Co., London, pp 16-23
30. Shaw JL, Sakellarides H (1967) Radial-nerve paralysis associated with fractures of the humerus. A review of forty-five cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 49:899-902
31. Spinner M (1984) Kaplan's functional and surgical anatomy of the hand, 3rd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 245-269
32. Sunderland S (1978) Nerves and nerve injuries, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 135
33. Tornetta P 3rd, Hochwald N, Bono C, Grossman M (1997) Anatomy of the posterior interosseous nerve in relation to fixation of the radial head. Clin Orthop Relat Res 345:215-218
34. Tubbs RS, Oakes WJ, Blount JP, Elton S, Salter G, Grabb PA (2001) Surgical landmarks for the proximal portion of the axillary nerve. J Neurosurg 95:998-1000
35. Tubbs RS, Smyth MD, Salter G, Oakes WJ (2003) Anomalous traversement of the suprascapular artery through the suprascapular notch: a possible mechanism for undiagnosed shoulder pain? Med Sci Monit 9:116-119
36. Tubbs RS, Tyler-Kabara EC, Aikens AC, Martin JP, Weed LL, Salter EG, Oakes WJ (2005) Surgical anatomy of the axillary nerve within the quadrangular space. J Neurosurg 102:912-914
37. Tubbs RS, Tyler-Kabara EC, Aikens AC, Martin JP, Weed LL, Salter EG, Oakes WJ (2005) Surgical anatomy of the dorsal scapular nerve. J Neurosurg 102:910-911
38. Tubbs RS, Custis JW, Salter EG, Blount JP, Oakes WJ, Wellons JC 3rd (2006) Quantitation of and landmarks for the muscular branches of the ulnar nerve to the forearm for application in peripheral nerve neurotization procedures. J Neurosurg 104:800-803
39. Tubbs RS, Custis JW, Salter EG, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2006) Quantitation of and superficial surgical landmarks for the anterior interosseous nerve. J Neurosurg 104:787-791
40. Tubbs RS, Salter EG, Custis JW, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2006) Surgical anatomy of the cervical and infraclavicular parts of the long thoracic nerve. J Neurosurg 104:792-795
41. Tubbs RS, Salter EG, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2006) Superficial surgical landmarks for identifying the posterior interosseous nerve. J Neurosurg 104:796-799
42. Tubbs RS, Khoury CA, Salter EG, Acakpo-Satchivi L, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2006) Quantitation of the lower subscapular nerve for potential use in neurotization procedures. J Neurosurg 105:881-883
43. Tubbs RS, Loukas M, Shahid K, Judge T, Pinyard J, Shoja MM, Slappey JB, McEvoy WC, Oakes WJ (2007) Anatomy and quantitation of the subscapular nerves. Clin Anat 20:656-659
44. Tubbs RS, Loukas M, Spinner RJ, Middlebrooks EH, Stetler WR, Acakpo-Satchivi L, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2007) Endoscopically assisted decompression of the suprascapular nerve in the supraspinous fossa: a cadaveric feasibility study. J Neurosurg 107:1164-1167
45. Tubbs RS, Parmar A, Noordeh N, Rogers C, Rogers N, Loukas M, Shoja M (2008) Surgical anatomy of the radial nerve and profunda brachii artery within the triangular interval. Ital J Anat Embryol 113:129-134
46. Uhl RL, Larosa JM, Sibeni T, Martino LJ (1996) Posterior approaches to the humerus: when should you worry about the radial nerve? J Orthop Trauma 10:338-340
47. Weiner DS, Macnab I (1970) Superior migration of the humeral head. A radiological aid in the diagnosis of tears of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Br 52:524-527
48. Wheeless CR (2009) Wheeless' textbook of orthopaedics. Data Trace Internet Publishing, LLC. http://www.wheelessonline.com/