An assessment of tick-borne diseases constraints to livestock production in a smallholder livestock production system in Machakos District, Kenya

Livestock Research for Rural Development

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2010, Pages

  Wesonga, F D ^a   Kitala, P M ^b   Gathuma, J M ^b   Njenga, M J ^b   Ngumi, P N ^a  

^a KENYA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Kenya)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI   (Kenya)

Author keywords

Anaplasma; Animal production constraints; Babesia; Disease ranking; East coast fever; Prevalence; Serological analysis; Sub location

Indexed keywords

AMBLYOMMA; AMBLYOMMA VARIEGATUM; ANAPLASMA; ANIMALIA; BABESIA; BOOPHILUS; BOOPHILUS DECOLORATUS; BOS; BOS INDICUS; FRIESIA; IXODIDA; RHIPICEPHALUS; RHIPICEPHALUS APPENDICULATUS; RHIPICEPHALUS EVERTSI; RHIPICEPHALUS PULCHELLUS;

EID: 77953892843     PISSN: None     EISSN: 01213784     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Catley A and Leyland T 2001 Community participation and the deliveryof veterinary services in Africa. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 1572: 1-19.
2. th May 1991. Edited by Dolan T T. http://www.ilri.org/InfoServ/Webpub/Fulldocs/Abc/Abc.pdf
3. Gitau G K 1998 A study of factors influencing endemic stability and instability to Theileriosis and babesiosis on dairy production in Muranga district, Kenya. Ph.d Thesis. University of Nairobi.
4. Government of Kenya 1976 The Cattle Cleaning Act (Cap 358). Legal notice No.25. The Government printer, Nairobi.
5. Katende J M, Morzaria S P, Toye P, Skilton R A, Nene V, Nkonge C and Musoke A J 1998 An enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Theileria parva anti bodies in cattle using a recombinant polymorphic immunodominant molecule. Parasitology Research 84: 408-416.
6. Keating M 1983 Tick control by chemicals ixodicides in Kenya. A review,1912 to 1981. Tropical Animal Health and Production 15: 1-6.
7. Kinuthia N R 2001 Climate and forecast information: the status needs and expectations among smallholder agro-pastoralists in Machakos district, Kenya. International Research Institute for Climate and Society Technical Report.
8. Lawrence J.A, Perry B D, Williamson S M 2004 East Coast fever. In: Coetzer J A W and Tustin R C (editors) Infectious diseases of livestock Volume I Oxford University Press Southern Africa, Cape Town, pp 448-467.
9. Maloo S H 1993 Epidemiological study of vector borne diseases with consequent development of preventive veterinary programmes for small holder dairy farms in coastal Kenya. PhD. Thesis, University of Glasgow, UK.
10. Morzaria S P, Katende J, Musoke A, Nene V, Skilton R and Bishop R 1999 Development of sero-diagnostic and molecular tools for the control of tick borne pathogens of cattle in Africa. Parasitologia 41: (Supplement) 73-80.
11. Mugunieri G L, Omiti J and Irungu P 2004 Integrating community based animal health care into the formal veterinary service delivery system in Kenya. Agrekon 43 (1): 89-98.
12. Mukhebi A W 1985 Identification and ranking of production constraints in agro pastoral systems of Machakos District in Kenya. Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Project (CRSP) Annual Report 1985.
13. Muraguri R.G 2000 Epidemiological and Financial Impact of Vector-Borne Diseases on Productivity of Small Holder Cattle in Coastal Lowlands of Kenya. PhD Thesis. University of Reading, England.
14. Ngumi P N, Rumberia R M, Williamson SM, Sumption K J, Lesan A C and Kariuki, D P 1997 Isolation of the causative agent of heartwater (Erlichia ruminantium) from three Amblyomma species in eight districts of Kenya. The Veterinary Record 140: 13-16.
15. Nielsen K, Smith P, Gall D, de Eshaide S T, Wagner G and Dajer A 1996 Development and validation of an indirect enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibody to Anaplasma marginale in bovine sera. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 67 (3-4): 133-142
16. Norval R A I, Perry B D and Young A S 1992 The epidemiology of Theileriosis in Africa. Academic Press, London.
17. Otieno-Oruko L O, Upton M and Mcleod A 2000 Restructuring of animal health services in Kenya: Constraints, prospects and options. Development Policy Review 18:123-138.
18. nd edition. A manual on cattle, sheep and goat systems in Kenya prepared for the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) and the Department for International Development (DFID) National Agricultural Research Project II.
19. Perry B D and Young A S 1995 The past and future roles of epidemiology and economics in the control of tick -borne diseases of livestock in Africa: the case of theileriosis. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 25: 107-120.
20. Ristic M 1968 Anaplasmosis. In: infectious diseases of man and animals. Weinman and Ristic, Editors, 2: 473-542.
21. Rubaire-Akiiki C, Okello-Onen J, Nasinyama G W, Vaarst M, Kabagambe E K, Mwayi W, Musunga D and Wandukwa W 2004 The prevalence of serum antibodies to tick-borne infections in Mbale district, Uganda: The effect of agro-ecological zone, grazing management and age of cattle. Journal of Insect Science, 4, 8-15.
22. Uilenberg G and Camus E 1993 Heartwater (Cowdriosis). In: Woldehiwet Z and Ristic M W (editors) Rickettsial and Chlamydial diseases of domestic animals (Pergamon Press, Oxford 293-232.
23. Umali D L, Feder G and De Haan C 1994 Animal health Services: Finding a balance between public and private delivery. The World Bank Research Observer 9: 72-96 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/1999/09/30/000178830_98101911451892/Rendered/PDF/multi_page.pdf
24. th July 1989.