Heart failure in children part I: History, etiology, and pathophysiology

Circulation: Heart Failure

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 63-70

  Hsu, Daphne T ^a   Pearson, Gail D ^b  

^a ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Heart failure; Pediatrics

Indexed keywords

CARDIOMYOPATHY; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONGENITAL HEART MALFORMATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEART FAILURE; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

CHILD; HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL; HEART FAILURE; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION;

EID: 77953678581     PISSN: 19413289     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.820217     Document Type: Review

References (73)

1. Katz AM. Evolving concepts of heart failure: cooling furnace, malfunctioning pump, enlarging muscle. Part I. J Card Fail. 1997; 3:319 -334.
2. Timio M, Capodicasa E. Ippolito Albertini and Michael Albertus: disparate old and innovative theories on dropsy and edema. Am J Nephrol. 2002; 22:220 -224.
3. Neill CA, Clark EB. The Developing Heart: A " History" of Pediatric Cardiology. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1995.
4. Goodhart J. The Diseases of Children. 6th ed. London: J & A Churchill; 1899.
5. Massell BF, Fyler DC, Roy SB. The clinical picture of rheumatic fever: diagnosis, immediate prognosis, course, and therapeutic implications. Am J Cardiol. 1958; 1:436-449.
6. Kreidberg MB, Chernoff HL, Lopez WL. Treatment of cardiac failure in infancy and childhood. N Engl J Med. 1963; 268:23-30.
7. Hauck AJ, Nadas AS. Heart failure in infants and children. Survey of recent literature, etiologic considerations and recommendations for therapy. Postgrad Med. 1963; 34:244 -250.
8. Engle MA. When the child's heart fails: recognition, treatment, prognosis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1970; 12:601- 620.
9. Keith JD. Congestive heart failure. Pediatrics. 1956; 18:491-500.
10. Goldblatt E. The treatment of cardiac failure in infancy: a review of 350 cases. Lancet. 1962; 2:212-215.
11. Rosenthal D, Chrisant MR, Edens E, Mahony L, Canter C, Colan S, Dubin A, Lamour J, Ross R, Shaddy R, Addonizio L, Beerman L, Berger S, Bernstein D, Blume E, Boucek M, Checchia P, Dipchand A, Drummond-Webb J, Fricker J, Friedman R, Hallowell S, Jaquiss R, Mital S, Pahl E, Pearce B, Rhodes L, Rotondo K, Rusconi P, Scheel J, Pal Singh T, Towbin J. International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Practice guidelines for management of heart failure in children. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004; 23:1313-1333.
12. Silverman WA. Human Experimentation: A Guided Step into the Unknown. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1985.
13. Shaddy RE, Boucek MM, Hsu DT, Boucek RJ, Canter CE, Mahony L, Ross RD, Pahl E, Blume ED, Dodd DA, Rosenthal DN, Burr J, LaSalle B, Holubkov R, Lukas MA, Tani LY. Carvedilol for children and adolescents with heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007; 298:1171-1179.
14. Mann DL, Bristow MR. Mechanisms and models in heart failure: the biomechanical model and beyond. Circulation. 2005; 111:2837-2849.
15. Katz AM. Heart Failure: Pathophysiology, Molecular Biology, and Clinical Management. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000.
16. Braunwald E. The management of heart failure: the past, the present, and the future. Circ Heart Fail. 2008; 1:58-62.
17. Konstam MA. " Systolic and diastolic dysfunction" in heart failure? Time for a new paradigm. J Card Fail. 2003; 9:1-3.
18. Executive summary: HFSA 2006 Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guideline. J Card Fail. 2006; 12:10 -38.
19. Ruppert V, Meyer T, Pankuweit S, Moller E, Funck RC, Grimm W, Maisch B. Gene expression profiling from endomyocardial biopsy tissue allows distinction between subentities of dilated cardiomyopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008; 136:360 -369.e361.
20. Vinge LE, Raake PW, Koch WJ. Gene therapy in heart failure. Cir Res. 2008; 102:1458 -1470.
21. Ainscough JF, Drinkhill MJ, Sedo A, Turner NA, Brooke DA, Balmforth AJ, Ball SG. Angiotensin II type-1 receptor activation in the adult heart causes blood pressure-independent hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res. 2008; Sept 4 (Epub ahead of print).
22. Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association. Nomenclature and Criteria for Diagnosis of Diseases of the Heart and Great Vessels. 9th ed. Boston: Little, Brown & Co.;1994.
23. Ross RD, Bollinger RO, Pinsky WW. Grading the severity of congestive heart failure in infants. Pediatr Cardiol. 1992; 13:72-75.
24. Connolly D, Rutkowski M, Auslender M, Artman M. The New York University Pediatric Heart Failure Index: a new method of quantifying chronic heart failure severity in children. J Pediatr. 2001; 138:644-648.
25. Tissieres P, Aggoun Y, Da Cruz E, Sierra J, Mensi N, Kalangos A, Beghetti M. Comparison of classifications for heart failure in children undergoing valvular surgery. J Pediatr. 2006; 149:210 -215.
26. Ross RD. Medical management of chronic heart failure in children. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2001; 1:37- 44.
27. Norozi K, Wessel A, Buchhorn R, Alpers V, Arnhold JO, Zoege M, Geyer S. Is the ability index superior to the NYHA classification for assessing heart failure? Comparison of two classification scales in adolescents and adults with operated congenital heart defects. Clin Res Cardiol. 2007; 96:542-547.
28. Ohuchi H, Takasugi H, Ohashi H, Okada Y, Yamada O, Ono Y, Yagihara T, Echigo S. Stratification of pediatric heart failure on the basis of neurohormonal and cardiac autonomic nervous activities in patients with congenital heart disease. Circulation. 2003; 108:2368 -2376.
29. Boucek MM, Aurora P, Edwards LB, Taylor DO, Trulock EP, Christie J, Dobbels F, Rahmel AO, Keck BM, Hertz MI. Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: tenth official pediatric heart transplantation report-2007. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007; 26: 796-807. (Pubitemid 47199083)
30. Hosseinpour AR, Cullen S, Tsang VT. Transplantation for adults with congenital heart disease. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006; 30:508 -514.
31. Lamour JM, Addonizio LJ, Galantowicz ME, Quaegebeur JM, Mancini DM, Kichuk MR, Beniaminovitz A, Michler RE, Weinberg A, Hsu DT. Outcome after orthotopic cardiac transplantation in adults with congenital heart disease. Circulation. 1999; 100:II200 -II205.
32. Pigula FA, Gandhi SK, Ristich J, Stukus D, McCurry K, Webber SA, Keenan R, Griffith BP, Kormos R. Cardiopulmonary transplantation for congenital heart disease in the adult. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2001; 20: 297-303.
33. Wray J, Sensky T. Congenital heart disease and cardiac surgery in childhood: effects on cognitive function and academic ability. Heart. 2001; 85:687- 691.
34. Book WM. Heart failure in the adult patient with congenital heart disease. J Card Fail. 2005; 11:306 -312.
35. Derrick GP, Josen M, Vogel M, Henein MY, Shinebourne EA, Redington AN. Abnormalities of right ventricular long axis function after atrial repair of transposition of the great arteries. Heart. 2001; 86:203-206.
36. Khairy P, Fernandes SM, Mayer JE Jr, Triedman JK, Walsh EP, Lock JE, Landzberg MJ. Long-term survival, modes of death, and predictors of mortality in patients with Fontan surgery. Circulation. 2008; 117:85-92.
37. Morris CD, Menashe VD. 25-year mortality after surgical repair of congenital heart defect in childhood. A population-based cohort study. JAMA. 1991; 266:3447-3452.
38. Warnes CA. Transposition of the great arteries. Circulation. 2006; 114: 2699-2709.
39. Webster G, Zhang J, Rosenthal D. Comparison of the epidemiology and co-morbidities of heart failure in the pediatric and adult populations: a retrospective, cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2006; 6:23.
40. Sommers C, Nagel BH, Neudorf U, Schmaltz AA. [Congestive heart failure in childhood. An epidemiologic study.] Herz. 2005; 30:652- 662.
41. Massin MM, Astadicko I, Dessy H. Epidemiology of heart failure in a tertiary pediatric center. Clin Cardiol. 2008; 31:388 -391.
42. Lipshultz SE, Sleeper LA, Towbin JA, Lowe AM, Orav EJ, Cox GF, Lurie PR, McCoy KL, McDonald MA, Messere JE, Colan SD. The incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in two regions of the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1647-1655.
43. Nugent AW, Daubeney PE, Chondros P, Carlin JB, Cheung M, Wilkinson LC, Davis AM, Kahler SG, Chow CW, Wilkinson JL, Weintraub RG. The epidemiology of childhood cardiomyopathy in Australia. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1639 -1646.
44. Andrews RE, Fenton MJ, Ridout DA, Burch M. New-onset heart failure due to heart muscle disease in childhood: a prospective study in the United kingdom and Ireland. Circulation. 2008; 117:79-84.
45. Colan SD, Lipshultz SE, Lowe AM, Sleeper LA, Messere J, Cox GF, Lurie PR, Orav EJ, Towbin JA. Epidemiology and cause-specific outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children: findings from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. Circulation. 2007; 115:773-781.
46. Huhta JC, Tulzer G. Heart failure in the fetus. In: Chang AC, Towbin JA, eds. Heart Failure in Children and Young Adults. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006.
47. Rudolph AM. Myocardial growth before and after birth: clinical implications. Acta Paediatr. 2000; 89:129 -133.
48. Mahony L, Jones LR. Developmental changes in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum in sheep. J Biol Chem. 1986; 261:15257-15265.
49. Lahmers S, Wu Y, Call DR, Labeit S, Granzier H. Developmental control of titin isoform expression and passive stiffness in fetal and neonatal myocardium. Circ Res. 2004; 94:505-513.
50. Akita T, Kumar R, Joyner RW. Developmental changes in modulation of contractility of rabbit hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1995; 25:240 -251.
51. Artman M, Kithas PA, Wike JS, Strada SJ. Inotropic responses change during postnatal maturation in rabbit. Am J Physiol. 1988; 255: H335-H342.
52. Rudolph AM. Heart failure-a historical perspective. In: Shaddy RE, Wernovsky G, eds. Pediatric Heart Failure. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group; 2005.
53. Mills AN, Haworth SG. Greater permeability of the neonatal lung. Postnatal changes in surface charge and biochemistry of porcine pulmonary capillary endothelium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1991; 101: 909-916.
54. Buchhorn R, Ross RD, Bartmus D, Wessel A, Hulpke-Wette M, Bursch J. Activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous system and their relation to hemodynamic and clinical abnormalities in infants with left-to-right shunts. Int J Cardiol. 2001; 78:225-230; discussion 230-221.
55. Buchhorn R, Wessel A, Hulpke-Wette M, Bursch J, Werdan K, Loppnow H. Endogenous nitric oxide and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor levels are enhanced in infants with congenital heart disease. Crit Care Med. 2001; 29:2208 -2210.
56. Nir A, Nasser N. Clinical value of NT-ProBNP and BNP in pediatric cardiology. J Card Fail. 2005; 11:S76 -S80.
57. Rudolph AM. Congenital Diseases of the Heart: Clinical-Physiological Considerations. Armonk: Futura; 2001.
58. Baumgartner H. Neurohormones in valvular heart disease: what can they tell us? Eur Heart J. 2008; 29:290 -292.
59. Vanderheyden M, Goethals M, Verstreken S, De Bruyne B, Muller K, Van Schuerbeeck E, Bartunek J. Wall stress modulates brain natriuretic peptide production in pressure overload cardiomyopathy. J Am College of Cardiol. 2004; 44:2349 -2354.
60. Zhu Y, Gramolini AO, Walsh MA, Zhou YQ, Slorach C, Friedberg MK, Takeuchi JK, Sun H, Henkelman RM, Backx PH, Redington AN, Maclennan DH, Bruneau BG. Tbx5-dependent pathway regulating diastolic function in congenital heart disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008; 105:5519 -5524.
61. Redington AN, Gray HH, Hodson ME, Rigby ML, Oldershaw PJ. Characterisation of the normal right ventricular pressure-volume relation by biplane angiography and simultaneous micromanometer pressure measurements. Br Heart J. 1988; 59:23-30.
62. Kaufman BD, Desai M, Reddy S, Osorio JC, Chen JM, Mosca RS, Ferrante AW, Mital S. Genomic profiling of left and right ventricular hypertrophy in congenital heart disease. J Cardiac Fail. 2008; 14: 760-767.
63. Koch A, Zink S, Singer H. B-type natriuretic peptide in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27:861- 866.
64. Dodge-Khatami A, Buchel EV, Knirsch W, Kadner A, Rousson V, Dave HH, Bauersfeld U, Pretre R. Brain natriuretic peptide and magnetic resonance imaging in tetralogy with right ventricular dilatation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006; 82:983-988.
65. Wahlander H, Westerlind A, Lindstedt G, Lundberg PA, Holmgren D. Increased levels of brain and atrial natriuretic peptides after the first palliative operation, but not after a bidirectional glenn anastomosis, in children with functionally univentricular hearts. Cardiol Young. 2003; 13: 268-274.
66. Cheung YF, Cheng VY, Chau AK, Chiu CS, Yung TC, Leung MP. Outcome of infants with right atrial isomerism: is prognosis better with normal pulmonary venous drainage? Heart. 2002; 87:146 -152.
67. Sano T, Ogawa M, Taniguchi K, Matsuda H, Nakajima T, Arisawa J, Shimazaki Y, Nakano S, Kawashima Y. Assessment of ventricular contractile state and function in patients with univentricular heart. Circulation. 1989; 79:1247-1256.
68. Blaufox AD, Sleeper LA, Bradley DJ, Breitbart RE, Hordof A, Kanter RJ, Stephenson EA, Stylianou M, Vetter VL, Saul JP. Functional status, heart rate, and rhythm abnormalities in 521 Fontan patients 6 to 18 years of age. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008; 136:100 -107, 107 e101.
69. Anderson PA, Sleeper LA, Mahony L, Colan SD, Atz AM, Breitbart RE, Gersony WM, Gallagher D, Geva T, Margossian R, McCrindle BW, Paridon S, Schwartz M, Stylianou M, Williams RV, Clark BJ III. Contemporary outcomes after the Fontan procedure: a Pediatric Heart Network multicenter study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 52:85-98.
70. Towbin JA, Lowe AM, Colan SD, Sleeper LA, Orav EJ, Clunie S, Messere J, Cox GF, Lurie PR, Hsu D, Canter C, Wilkinson JD, Lipshultz SE. Incidence, causes, and outcomes of dilated cardiomyopathy in children. JAMA. 2006; 296:1867-1876.
71. Westerlind A, Wahlander H, Lindstedt G, Lundberg PA, Holmgren D. Clinical signs of heart failure are associated with increased levels of natriuretic peptide types B and A in children with congenital heart defects or cardiomyopathy. Acta Paediatr. 2004; 93:340 -345.
72. Shaddy RE, Wernovsky G. Pediatric Heart Failure. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis; 2005.
73. Chang AC, Towbin JA. Heart Failure in Children and Young Adults. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006.