메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 170-176

Vision and driving: The United States

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGING; ATTENTION; BEHAVIOR; CAR DRIVING; COGNITION; COLOR VISION; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; DECISION MAKING; DIPLOPIA; DRIVING ABILITY; FATALITY; HEALTH PRACTITIONER; HISTORY; HUMAN; LAW; LICENSING; MANDATORY REPORTING; MEDICAL SOCIETY; MOBILE PHONE; MOTOR VEHICLE; NIGHT VISION; PHYSICIAN; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SAFETY; SCREENING; SIMULATOR; SPECTACLES; STEREOSCOPIC VISION; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; UNITED STATES; USEFUL FIELD OF VIEW; VISION; VISION TEST; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL FIELD; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

EID: 77953645383     PISSN: 10708022     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181df30d4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (27)

References (93)
  • 4
    • 38949089496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vision requirements for driving safety with emphasis on individual assessment
    • Report prepared for the. Sao Paulo Brazil February. Available at, Accessed March 22 2010
    • Colenbrander A, De Laey JJ. Vision Requirements for Driving Safety with Emphasis on Individual Assessment. Report prepared for the International Council of Ophthalmology at the 30th World Ophthalmology Congress. Sao Paulo, Brazil, February 2006. Available at: http://www.icoph.org/pdf/ visionfordriving.pdf. Accessed March 22, 2010.
    • (2006) International Council of Ophthalmology at the 30th World Ophthalmology Congress
    • Colenbrander, A.1    De Laey, J.J.2
  • 5
    • 0021795914 scopus 로고
    • Visual standards for driving
    • Charman WN. Visual standards for driving. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1985;5:211-220.
    • (1985) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.5 , pp. 211-220
    • Charman, W.N.1
  • 6
    • 0030773151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vision and driving-A literature review and commentary
    • Charman WN. Vision and driving-a literature review and commentary. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1997;17:371-391.
    • (1997) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.17 , pp. 371-391
    • Charman, W.N.1
  • 7
    • 0026444065 scopus 로고
    • Visual function and driving safety
    • Keltner JL, Johnson CA. Visual function and driving safety. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992;110:1697-1698.
    • (1992) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.110 , pp. 1697-1698
    • Keltner, J.L.1    Johnson, C.A.2
  • 9
    • 0033752915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vision standards for driving in Canada and the United States. A review for the Canadian Ophthalmological Society
    • Casson EJ, Racette L. Vision standards for driving in Canada and the United States. A review for the Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Can J Ophthalmol. 2000;35: 192-203.
    • (2000) Can J Ophthalmol , vol.35 , pp. 192-203
    • Casson, E.J.1    Racette, L.2
  • 11
    • 29344435168 scopus 로고
    • Visual standards for licensure to operate motor vehicles: Preliminary report of special committee at Atlantic City session
    • Black NM, Gradle HS, Snell AC. Visual standards for licensure to operate motor vehicles: preliminary report of special committee at Atlantic City session. J Am Med Assoc. 1937;109:61B-63B.
    • (1937) J Am Med Assoc , vol.109
    • Black, N.M.1    Gradle, H.S.2    Snell, A.C.3
  • 12
    • 0013992313 scopus 로고
    • Visual acuity as measured by dynamic and static tests: A comparative evaluation
    • Burg A. Visual acuity as measured by dynamic and static tests: a comparative evaluation. J Appl Psychol. 1966;50: 460-466.
    • (1966) J Appl Psychol , vol.50 , pp. 460-466
    • Burg, A.1
  • 13
    • 0014249772 scopus 로고
    • Lateral visual field as related to age and sex
    • Burg A. Lateral visual field as related to age and sex. J Appl Psychol. 1968;52:10-15.
    • (1968) J Appl Psychol , vol.52 , pp. 10-15
    • Burg, A.1
  • 16
    • 24144483416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard measures of visual acuity do not predict drivers' recognition performance under day or night conditions
    • Wood JM, Owens DA. Standard measures of visual acuity do not predict drivers' recognition performance under day or night conditions. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:698-705.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 698-705
    • Wood, J.M.1    Owens, D.A.2
  • 17
    • 0022333373 scopus 로고
    • Contrast sensitivity predicts age-related differences in highway sign discriminability
    • Evans DW, Ginsburg AP. Contrast sensitivity predicts age-related differences in highway sign discriminability. Hum Factors. 1985;27:637-642.
    • (1985) Hum Factors , vol.27 , pp. 637-642
    • Evans, D.W.1    Ginsburg, A.P.2
  • 18
    • 0037363904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast sensitivity and functional vision
    • Ginsburg AP. Contrast sensitivity and functional vision. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2003;43:5-15.
    • (2003) Int Ophthalmol Clin , vol.43 , pp. 5-15
    • Ginsburg, A.P.1
  • 19
    • 0020679314 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of visual field loss in 20,000 eyes and its relationship to driving performance
    • Johnson CA, Keltner JL. Incidence of visual field loss in 20,000 eyes and its relationship to driving performance. Arch Ophthalmol. 1983;101:371-375.
    • (1983) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.101 , pp. 371-375
    • Johnson, C.A.1    Keltner, J.L.2
  • 22
    • 34248591360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of visual field loss and health-related quality of life
    • Los Angeles Latino Eye Study Group
    • McKean-Cowdin R, Varma R, Wu J, Hays RD, Azen SP; Los Angeles Latino Eye Study Group. Severity of visual field loss and health-related quality of life. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007; 143:1013-1023.
    • (2007) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.143 , pp. 1013-1023
    • McKean-Cowdin, R.1    Varma, R.2    Wu, J.3    Hays, R.D.4    Azen, S.P.5
  • 24
    • 24144471022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of visual field loss on driving performance: Evidence from on-road driving assessments
    • Racette L, Casson EJ. The impact of visual field loss on driving performance: evidence from on-road driving assessments. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:668-674.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 668-674
    • Racette, L.1    Casson, E.J.2
  • 26
    • 23844530361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central and paracentral visual field defects and driving abilities
    • Petzold A, Plant GT. Central and paracentral visual field defects and driving abilities. Ophthalmologica. 2005;219: 191-201.
    • (2005) Ophthalmologica , vol.219 , pp. 191-201
    • Petzold, A.1    Plant, G.T.2
  • 27
    • 15244362765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving performance of glaucoma patients correlates with peripheral visual field loss
    • Szlyk JP, Mahler CL, Seiple W, Edward DP, Wilensky JT. Driving performance of glaucoma patients correlates with peripheral visual field loss. J Glaucoma. 2005;14:145-150.
    • (2005) J Glaucoma , vol.14 , pp. 145-150
    • Szlyk, J.P.1    Mahler, C.L.2    Seiple, W.3    Edward, D.P.4    Wilensky, J.T.5
  • 28
    • 4344614238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A practical approach to measuring the visual field component of fitness to drive
    • Crabb DP, Fitzke FW, Hitchings RA, Viswanathan AC. A practical approach to measuring the visual field component of fitness to drive. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004;88: 1191-1196.
    • (2004) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.88 , pp. 1191-1196
    • Crabb, D.P.1    Fitzke, F.W.2    Hitchings, R.A.3    Viswanathan, A.C.4
  • 29
    • 0026721870 scopus 로고
    • Effect of restriction of the binocular visual field on driving performance
    • Wood JM, Troutbeck R. Effect of restriction of the binocular visual field on driving performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1992;12:291-298.
    • (1992) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.12 , pp. 291-298
    • Wood, J.M.1    Troutbeck, R.2
  • 30
    • 0026212164 scopus 로고
    • The visual and driving performance of monocular and binocular heavy-duty truck drivers
    • McKnight AJ, Shinar D, Hilburn B. The visual and driving performance of monocular and binocular heavy-duty truck drivers. Accid Anal Prev. 1991;23:225-237.
    • (1991) Accid Anal Prev , vol.23 , pp. 225-237
    • McKnight, A.J.1    Shinar, D.2    Hilburn, B.3
  • 31
    • 0021833324 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the extent of visual field and driving performance - A review
    • North RV. The relationship between the extent of visual field and driving performance - a review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1985;5:205-210.
    • (1985) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.5 , pp. 205-210
    • North, R.V.1
  • 33
    • 0034243030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of useful field of view and other screening tests to on-road driving performance
    • Myers RS, Ball KK, Kalina TD, Roth DL, Goode Kt. Relation of useful field of view and other screening tests to on-road driving performance. Percept Mot Skills. 2000;91: 279-290.
    • (2000) Percept Mot Skills , vol.91 , pp. 279-290
    • Myers, R.S.1    Ball, K.K.2    Kalina, T.D.3    Roth, D.L.4    Kt, G.5
  • 34
    • 0033253152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving experience and the functional field of view
    • Crundall D, Underwood G, Chapman P. Driving experience and the functional field of view. Perception. 1999;28: 1075-1087.
    • (1999) Perception , vol.28 , pp. 1075-1087
    • Crundall, D.1    Underwood, G.2    Chapman, P.3
  • 36
    • 37149015123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual attention and self-regulation of driving among older adults
    • Okonkwo OC, Crowe M, Wasley VG, Ball K. Visual attention and self-regulation of driving among older adults. Int Psychogeriatr. 2008;20:162-173.
    • (2008) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.20 , pp. 162-173
    • Okonkwo, O.C.1    Crowe, M.2    Wasley, V.G.3    Ball, K.4
  • 37
    • 0027345181 scopus 로고
    • The useful field of view test: A new technique for evaluating age-related declines in visual function
    • Ball K, Owsley C. The useful field of view test: a new technique for evaluating age-related declines in visual function. J Am Optom Assoc. 1993;64:71-79.
    • (1993) J Am Optom Assoc , vol.64 , pp. 71-79
    • Ball, K.1    Owsley, C.2
  • 38
    • 67449099796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunglasses, traffic signals, and color vision deficiencies
    • Dain SJ, Wood JM, Atchison DA. Sunglasses, traffic signals, and color vision deficiencies. Optom Vis Sci. 2009;86: e296-e305.
    • (2009) Optom Vis Sci , vol.86
    • Dain, S.J.1    Wood, J.M.2    Atchison, D.A.3
  • 39
    • 0345529909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic signal color recognition is a problem for both protan and deutan color-vision deficients
    • Atchison DA, Pedersen CA, Dain SJ, Wood JM. Traffic signal color recognition is a problem for both protan and deutan color-vision deficients. Hum Factors. 2003;45:495-503.
    • (2003) Hum Factors , vol.45 , pp. 495-503
    • Atchison, D.A.1    Pedersen, C.A.2    Dain, S.J.3    Wood, J.M.4
  • 40
    • 0020611269 scopus 로고
    • Effect of X-Chrom lens wear on chromatic discrimination and stereopsis in color-deficient observers
    • Matsumoto ER, Johnson CA, Post RB. Effect of X-Chrom lens wear on chromatic discrimination and stereopsis in color-deficient observers. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1983; 60:297-302.
    • (1983) Am J Optom Physiol Opt , vol.60 , pp. 297-302
    • Matsumoto, E.R.1    Johnson, C.A.2    Post, R.B.3
  • 41
    • 0344407057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Color and defective color vision as factors in the conspicuity of signs and signals
    • O'Brien KA, Cole BL, Maddocks JD, Forbes AB. Color and defective color vision as factors in the conspicuity of signs and signals. Hum Factors. 2002;44:665-675.
    • (2002) Hum Factors , vol.44 , pp. 665-675
    • O'Brien, K.A.1    Cole, B.L.2    Maddocks, J.D.3    Forbes, A.B.4
  • 42
    • 0036635161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protan color vision deficiency and road accidents
    • Cole BL. Protan color vision deficiency and road accidents. Clin Exp Optom. 2002;85:246-253.
    • (2002) Clin Exp Optom , vol.85 , pp. 246-253
    • Cole, B.L.1
  • 43
    • 0036364319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case against protan drivers holding professional driving licenses
    • Vingrys AJ. The case against protan drivers holding professional driving licenses. Clin Exp Optom. 2002;85: 46-48.
    • (2002) Clin Exp Optom , vol.85 , pp. 46-48
    • Vingrys, A.J.1
  • 45
    • 70349456659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving cessation and driving limitation in glaucoma: The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project
    • Ramulu PY, West SK, Munoz B, Jampel HD, Friedman DS. Driving cessation and driving limitation in glaucoma: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project. Ophthalmology. 2009; 116:1846-1853.
    • (2009) Ophthalmology , vol.116 , pp. 1846-1853
    • Ramulu, P.Y.1    West, S.K.2    Munoz, B.3    Jampel, H.D.4    Friedman, D.S.5
  • 46
    • 59849090796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of simulated cataracts on drivers' hazard perception ability
    • Marrington SA, Horswill MS, Wood JM. The effect of simulated cataracts on drivers' hazard perception ability. Optom Vis Sci. 2008;85:1121-1127.
    • (2008) Optom Vis Sci , vol.85 , pp. 1121-1127
    • Marrington, S.A.1    Horswill, M.S.2    Wood, J.M.3
  • 50
    • 33750341407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral cataract surgery and driving performance
    • Wood JM, Carberry TP. Bilateral cataract surgery and driving performance. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90: 1277-1280.
    • (2006) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.90 , pp. 1277-1280
    • Wood, J.M.1    Carberry, T.P.2
  • 51
    • 16544370847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glaucopsia: An occupational ophthalmic hazard
    • Ballantyne B. Glaucopsia: an occupational ophthalmic hazard. Toxicol Rev. 2004;23:83-90.
    • (2004) Toxicol Rev , vol.23 , pp. 83-90
    • Ballantyne, B.1
  • 52
    • 0345305813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pupil dilatation does affect some aspects of daytime driving performance
    • Wood JM, Garth D, Grounds G, McKay P, Mulvahil A. Pupil dilatation does affect some aspects of daytime driving performance. Br J Ophthalmol. 2003;87:1387-1390.
    • (2003) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.87 , pp. 1387-1390
    • Wood, J.M.1    Garth, D.2    Grounds, G.3    McKay, P.4    Mulvahil, A.5
  • 53
    • 0036762242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and visual impairment decrease driving performance as measured on a closed-road circuit
    • Wood JM. Age and visual impairment decrease driving performance as measured on a closed-road circuit. Hum Factors. 2002;44:482-494.
    • (2002) Hum Factors , vol.44 , pp. 482-494
    • Wood, J.M.1
  • 54
    • 0032104964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving with a vision impairment
    • Wilkinson ME. Driving with a vision impairment. Insight. 1998;23:48-52.
    • (1998) Insight , vol.23 , pp. 48-52
    • Wilkinson, M.E.1
  • 55
    • 0028501428 scopus 로고
    • Effect of visual impairment on driving
    • Wood JM, Troutbeck R. Effect of visual impairment on driving. Hum Factors. 1994;36:476-487.
    • (1994) Hum Factors , vol.36 , pp. 476-487
    • Wood, J.M.1    Troutbeck, R.2
  • 57
    • 36749086402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age and illumination on night driving: A road test
    • Owens DA, Wood JM, Owens JM. Effects of age and illumination on night driving: a road test. Hum Factors. 2007;49:1115-1131.
    • (2007) Hum Factors , vol.49 , pp. 1115-1131
    • Owens, D.A.1    Wood, J.M.2    Owens, J.M.3
  • 59
    • 0035735046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The twilight envelope: A user-centered approach to describing roadway illumination at night
    • Andre J, Owens DA. The twilight envelope: a user-centered approach to describing roadway illumination at night. Hum Factors. 2001;43:620-630.
    • (2001) Hum Factors , vol.43 , pp. 620-630
    • Andre, J.1    Owens, D.A.2
  • 60
    • 0031600389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The assured clear distance ahead rule: Implications for nighttime traffic safety and the law
    • Leibowitz HW, Owens DA, Tyrrell RA. The assured clear distance ahead rule: implications for nighttime traffic safety and the law. Accid Anal Prev. 1998;30:93-99.
    • (1998) Accid Anal Prev , vol.30 , pp. 93-99
    • Leibowitz, H.W.1    Owens, D.A.2    Tyrrell, R.A.3
  • 62
    • 40149090301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of practice with MP3 players on driving performance
    • Chisholm SL, Caird JK, Lockhart J. The effects of practice with MP3 players on driving performance. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40:704-713.
    • (2008) Accid Anal Prev , vol.40 , pp. 704-713
    • Chisholm, S.L.1    Caird, J.K.2    Lockhart, J.3
  • 63
    • 46149117502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of the effects of cell phones on driver performance
    • Caird JK, Willness CR, Steel P, Scialfa C. A meta-analysis of the effects of cell phones on driver performance. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40:1282-1293.
    • (2008) Accid Anal Prev , vol.40 , pp. 1282-1293
    • Caird, J.K.1    Willness, C.R.2    Steel, P.3    Scialfa, C.4
  • 65
    • 11144336521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioptic telescopes meet the needs of drivers with moderate visual acuity loss
    • Bowers AR, Apfelbaum DH, Peli E. Bioptic telescopes meet the needs of drivers with moderate visual acuity loss. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46:66-74.
    • (2005) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.46 , pp. 66-74
    • Bowers, A.R.1    Apfelbaum, D.H.2    Peli, E.3
  • 66
    • 0021940813 scopus 로고
    • Bioptic telescopes
    • Bailey IL. Bioptic telescopes. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103: 13-14.
    • (1985) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.103 , pp. 13-14
    • Bailey, I.L.1
  • 67
    • 0021028602 scopus 로고
    • Bioptic telescopic spectacle is a hazard for operating a motor vehicle
    • Fonda G. Bioptic telescopic spectacle is a hazard for operating a motor vehicle. Arch Ophthalmol. 1983;101: 1907-1908.
    • (1983) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.101 , pp. 1907-1908
    • Fonda, G.1
  • 70
    • 44649149621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multidomain approach for predicting older driver safety under in-traffic road conditions
    • Wood JM, Anstey KJ, Kerr GK, Lacherez PF, Lord S. A multidomain approach for predicting older driver safety under in-traffic road conditions. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56: 986-993.
    • (2008) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.56 , pp. 986-993
    • Wood, J.M.1    Anstey, K.J.2    Kerr, G.K.3    Lacherez, P.F.4    Lord, S.5
  • 71
    • 34248384838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, population-based study for the role of visual impairment in motor vehicle crashes among older drivers: The SEE study
    • Rubin GS, Ng ES, Bandeen-Roche K, Keyl PM, Freeman EE, West SK. A prospective, population-based study for the role of visual impairment in motor vehicle crashes among older drivers: the SEE study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48: 1483-1491.
    • (2007) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.48 , pp. 1483-1491
    • Rubin, G.S.1    Ng, E.S.2    Bandeen-Roche, K.3    Keyl, P.M.4    Freeman, E.E.5    West, S.K.6
  • 72
    • 24144437131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of visual function and time to driving cessation in older adults
    • Freeman EE, Munoz, Turano KA, West SK. Measures of visual function and time to driving cessation in older adults. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:765-773.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 765-773
    • Freeman, E.E.1    Munoz Turano, K.A.2    West, S.K.3
  • 73
    • 24144441685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age and auditory and visual dual tasks on closed-road driving performance
    • Chaparro A, Wood JM, Carberry T. Effects of age and auditory and visual dual tasks on closed-road driving performance. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:747-754.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 747-754
    • Chaparro, A.1    Wood, J.M.2    Carberry, T.3
  • 74
    • 0036637060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging, driving and vision
    • Wood JM. Aging, driving and vision. Clin Exp Optom. 2002; 85:214-220.
    • (2002) Clin Exp Optom , vol.85 , pp. 214-220
    • Wood, J.M.1
  • 75
    • 0028567356 scopus 로고
    • Vision and driving in the elderly
    • Owsley C. Vision and driving in the elderly. Optom Vis Sci. 1994;71:727-735.
    • (1994) Optom Vis Sci , vol.71 , pp. 727-735
    • Owsley, C.1
  • 76
    • 0023202995 scopus 로고
    • Visual function, driving safety and the elderly
    • Keltner JL, Johnson CA. Visual function, driving safety and the elderly. Ophthalmology. 1987;94:1180-1188.
    • (1987) Ophthalmology , vol.94 , pp. 1180-1188
    • Keltner, J.L.1    Johnson, C.A.2
  • 77
    • 33644849322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual difficulties reported by low-vision and nonimpaired older adult drivers
    • McGregor LN, Chaparro A. Visual difficulties reported by low-vision and nonimpaired older adult drivers. Hum Factors. 2005;47:469-478.
    • (2005) Hum Factors , vol.47 , pp. 469-478
    • McGregor, L.N.1    Chaparro, A.2
  • 78
    • 40149106478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of stereo vision to the control of braking
    • Tijtgat P, Mazyn L, DeLaey C, Lenoir M. The contribution of stereo vision to the control of braking. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40:719-724.
    • (2008) Accid Anal Prev , vol.40 , pp. 719-724
    • Tijtgat, P.1    Mazyn, L.2    De Laey, C.3    Lenoir, M.4
  • 80
    • 0029684710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two new stereotests for long distance: Examination of stereopsis with regard to the permission of driving
    • Fleck R, Kolling GH. Two new stereotests for long distance: examination of stereopsis with regard to the permission of driving. Ger J Ophthalmol. 1996;5:53-59.
    • (1996) Ger J Ophthalmol , vol.5 , pp. 53-59
    • Fleck, R.1    Kolling, G.H.2
  • 81
    • 24144472956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vision requirements for driver's license examiners
    • Johnson CA. Vision requirements for driver's license examiners. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:779-789.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 779-789
    • Johnson, C.A.1
  • 82
    • 24144469729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting components of closed road driving performance from vision tests
    • Higgins KE, Wood JM. Predicting components of closed road driving performance from vision tests. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:647-656.
    • (2005) Optom Vis Sci , vol.82 , pp. 647-656
    • Higgins, K.E.1    Wood, J.M.2
  • 83
    • 6944253319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational therapy assessment of open-road driving performance: Validity of directed and selfdirected navigational instructional components
    • Mallon K, Wood JM. Occupational therapy assessment of open-road driving performance: validity of directed and selfdirected navigational instructional components. Am J Occup Therapy. 2004;58:279-286.
    • (2004) Am J Occup Therapy , vol.58 , pp. 279-286
    • Mallon, K.1    Wood, J.M.2
  • 84
    • 0031668377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test of divided visual attention predicts automobile crashes among older adults
    • Trobe JD. Test of divided visual attention predicts automobile crashes among older adults. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:665.
    • (1998) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.116 , pp. 665
    • Trobe, J.D.1
  • 85
    • 0018880751 scopus 로고
    • Vision, visibility and perception in driving
    • Hills BL. Vision, visibility and perception in driving. Perception. 1980;9:183-216.
    • (1980) Perception , vol.9 , pp. 183-216
    • Hills, B.L.1
  • 86
    • 0344277290 scopus 로고
    • Clinicolegal aspects of practice: Liability for ocular urgencies and emergencies
    • Classe, JG. Clinicolegal aspects of practice: liability for ocular urgencies and emergencies. Southern JOptom. 1986;4:51-58.
    • (1986) Southern JOptom , vol.4 , pp. 51-58
    • Classe, J.G.1
  • 87
    • 26744435822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To tell or not-physician's reports on patients driving impaired
    • November 22
    • Foubister V. To tell or not-physician's reports on patients driving impaired. American Medical News. November 22, 1999:8.
    • (1999) American Medical News , pp. 8
    • Foubister, V.1
  • 88
    • 2942532197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elderly licensure laws and motor vehicle fatalities
    • Grabowski DC, Campbell CM, Morrisey, MA. Elderly licensure laws and motor vehicle fatalities. JAMA. 2004; 291:2840-2846.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 2840-2846
    • Grabowski, D.C.1    Campbell, C.M.2    Morrisey, M.A.3
  • 89
    • 0029029972 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between driver's license renewal policies and fatal crashes involving drivers 70 years or older
    • Levy DT, Vernick JS, Howard KA. Relationship between driver's license renewal policies and fatal crashes involving drivers 70 years or older. JAMA. 1995;274:1026-1030.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1026-1030
    • Levy, D.T.1    Vernick, J.S.2    Howard, K.A.3
  • 91
    • 34548492474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acceptability and concurrent validity of measures to predict older driver involvement in motor vehicle crashes: An Emergency Department pilot case-control study
    • Molnar FJ, Marshall SC, Man-Son-Hing M, Wilson KG, Byszewski AM, Stiell I. Acceptability and concurrent validity of measures to predict older driver involvement in motor vehicle crashes: an Emergency Department pilot case-control study. Accid Anal Prev. 2007;39:1056-1063.
    • (2007) Accid Anal Prev , vol.39 , pp. 1056-1063
    • Molnar, F.J.1    Marshall, S.C.2    Man-Son-Hing, M.3    Wilson, K.G.4    Byszewski, A.M.5    Stiell, I.6
  • 92
    • 0032812449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vision impairment and driving
    • Owsley C, McGwin G Jr. Vision impairment and driving, Surv Ophthalmol. 1999;43:535-550.
    • (1999) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.43 , pp. 535-550
    • Owsley, C.1    McGwin Jr., G.2
  • 93
    • 0032005375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential human and economic cost-savings attributable to vision testing policies for driver license renewal 1989-1991
    • Shipp MD. Potential human and economic cost-savings attributable to vision testing policies for driver license renewal, 1989-1991 Optom Vis Sci. 1998;75:103-118.
    • (1998) Optom Vis Sci. , vol.75 , pp. 103-118
    • Shipp, M.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.