A methodology to derive radar reflectivity-liquid equivalent snow rate relations using C-band radar and a 2D video disdrometer

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 637-651

  Huang, Gwo Jong ^a   Bringi, V N ^a   Cifelli, Robert ^a   Hudak, David ^b   Petersen, W A ^c  

^a Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery   (United States)

^b ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^c NASA MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2D VIDEO; CALIPSO; CLOUD-AEROSOL LIDAR AND INFRARED PATHFINDER SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS; CLOUDSAT; CONVENTIONAL POWER; EQUIVALENT REFLECTIVITY; HORIZONTAL WINDS; INTERCOMPARISONS; LEAST SQUARE; LIGHT PLANE; MATCHING ALGORITHM; ONTARIO , CANADA; ORTHOGONAL VIEWS; PARAMETERIZED; POWER LAW RELATION; RADAR REFLECTIVITIES; RADAR REFLECTIVITY FACTOR; RE-MATCHING; SEPARATION DISTANCES; SNOW DENSITY; SNOW PARTICLES; STANDARD DEVIATION; THREE PARAMETERS; VIRTUAL SENSOR; WEATHER RADARS; WINTER SEASONS;

DATA STORAGE EQUIPMENT; LIQUIDS; OPTICAL RADAR; RADAR; REFLECTION; SNOW; VIDEODISKS;

RADAR MEASUREMENT;

ALGORITHM; HYDROMETEOROLOGY; MEASUREMENT METHOD; PARAMETERIZATION; POWER LAW; RADAR IMAGERY; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SNOW;

EID: 77953530685     PISSN: 07390572     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009JTECHA1284.1     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Barthazy, E., S. Göke, R. Schefold, and D. Högl, 2004: An optical array instrument for shape and fall velocity measurements of hydrometeors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 21, 1400-1416.
2. Böhm, H. P., 1989:Ageneral equation for the terminal fall speed of solid hydrometeors. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2419-2427.
3. Boucher, R. J., and J. G. Wieler, 1985: Radar determination of snowfall rate and accumulation. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 24, 68-73.
4. Brandes, E. A., K. Ikeda, G. Zhang, M. Schönhuber, and R. M. Rasmussen, 2007: A statistical and physical description of hydrometeor distributions in Colorado snowstorms using a video disdrometer. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 46, 634-650.
5. Bringi, V. N., and V. Chandrasekar, 2001: Polarimetric Doppler Radar: Principles and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 636 pp.
6. Bringi, V. N., G. Huang, D. Hudak, R. Cifelli, and S. A. Rutledge, 2008: A methodology to derive radar reflectivity-liquid equivalent snow rate relations using c-band radar and a 2D video disdrometer. Proc. 2008 European Conf. on Radar inMeteorology and Hydrology (ERAD), Helsinki, Finland, Finish Meteorological Institute, 14.1. [Available online at http://erad2008.fmi.fi/ proceedings/extended/erad2008-0070-extended.pdf.]
7. Draper, N., and H. Smith, 1981: Applied Regression Analysis. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, 709 pp.
8. Fujiyoshi, Y., T. Endoh, T. Yamada, K. Tsuboki, Y. Tachibana, and G. Wakahama, 1990: Determination of a Z-R relationship for snowfall using a radar and high sensitivity snow gauges. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 147-152.
9. Godfrey, C. M., 2002: A scheme for correcting rainfall rates measured by a 2D-video disdrometer. M.S. thesis, School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, 119 pp.
10. Hanesch, M., 1999: Fall velocity and shape of snowflakes. Ph.D. dissertation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 122 pp. [Available online at http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/eserv/ eth:23207/eth-23207-02.pdf.]
11. Hudak, D., P. Rodreguez, G. W. Lee, A. Ryzhkov, F. Fabry, and N. Donaldson, 2006: Winter precipitation studies with a dualpolarized C-band radar. Proc. 2006 European Conf. on Radar inMeteorology and Hydrology (ERAD), Barcelona, Spain, 1.4.
12. Hudak, D., P. Rodreguez, G. W. Lee, A. Ryzhkov, F. Fabry, and N. Donaldson Coauthors, 2007: The Canadian CloudSat CALIPSO Validation Project: Evaluation of sensitivity and sub-pixel variability of CloudSat data products. Preprints, 33rd Conf. on RadarMeteorology, Cairns, Australia, Amer.Meteor. Soc., 3.3. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/ 123501.pdf.]
13. Kruger, A., and W. F. Krajewski, 2002: Two-dimensional video disdrometer: A description. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 19, 602-617.
14. Loffler-Mang, M., and U. Blahak, 2001: Estimation of the equivalent radar reflectivity factor from measured snow size spectra. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 843-849.
15. Magono, C., and T. Nakamura, 1965: Aerodynamic studies of falling snow flake. J. Atmos. Soc. Japan, 43, 139-147.
16. Marshall, J. S., and K. L. S. Gunn, 1952: Measurement of snow parameters by radar. J. Meteor., 9, 322-327.
17. Matrosov, S. Y., 1998:Adual-wavelength radar method to measure snowfall rate. J. Appl. Meteor., 37, 1510-1521.
18. Maxwell-Garnet, J. C., 1904: Colors in metal glasses and in metallic films. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A203, 385-420.
19. Muramoto, K., K. Matsuura, and T. Shiina, 1995: Measuring the density of snow particles and snowfall rate. Elect. Commun. Japan, 78, 2353-2360.
20. Neŝpor, V., W. F. Krajewski, and A. Kruger, 2000: Wind-induced error of raindrop size distribution measurement using a twodimensional video disdrometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 1483-1492.
21. Ohtake, T., and T. Henmi, 1970: Radar reflectivity of aggregated snowflakes. Preprints, 14th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Tucson, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 209-210.
22. Peters, G., B. Fisher, H. Munster, M. Clemens, and A. Wagner, 2005: Profiles of raindrop size distributions as retrieved by microrain radars. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 1930-1949.
23. Petersen, W. A., and Coauthors, 2007: NASA GPM/PMM participation in the Canadian CloudSat/Calipso Validation Project (C3VP): Physical process studies in snow. Preprints, 33rd Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Cairns, Australia, Amer. Meteor. Soc., P12A.8. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/123652.pdf.]
24. Ryzhkov, A. V., T. J. Schuur, D. W. Burgess, P. L. Heinselman, S. E. Giangrande, and D. S. Zrnic, 2005: The Joint Polarization Experiment: Polarimetric rainfall measurements and hydrometeor classification. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 86, 809-824.
25. Schönhuber, M., W. L. Randeu, H. E. Urban, and J. P. V. Poiares Baptista, 2000: Empirical relationships between shape, water content and fall velocity of snowflakes. Proc. Millennium Conf. on Antennas & Propagation, Davos, Switzerland, ESA, SP-444.
26. Schönhuber, M., G. Lammer, and W. L. Randeu, 2008: The 2D-videodisdrometer. Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction, S. Michaelides, Ed., Springer, 3-31.
27. Sekhon, R. S., and R. C. Srivastava, 1970: Snow size spectra and radar reflectivity. J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 299-307.
28. Sheppard, B. E., and P. I. Joe, 2008: Performance of the Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System as a precipitation gauge. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 25, 196-212.
29. Smith, P., 1984: Equivalent radar reflectivity factor for snow and ice particles. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 23, 1258-1260.
30. Thurai, M., D. Hudak, V. N. Bringi, G. Lee, and B. Sheppard, 2007: Cold rain event analysis using 2-D video disdrometer, C-band polarimetric radar, X-band vertically pointing Doppler radar and POSS. Preprints, 33rd Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Cairns, Australia, Amer. Meteor. Soc., P10.5. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/ 123251.pdf.]
31. Tokay, A., and Coauthors, 2007: Disdrometer deriver Z-S relations in south central Ontario, Canada. Preprints, 33rd Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Cairns,Australia,Amer. Meteor. Soc., 8A.8. [Available online at http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/123455.pdf.]
32. Tollman, N., S. Göke, M. Leskinen, and E. Siivola, 2008: A methodology to derive radar reflectivity-liquid equivalent snow rate relations using C-band radar and a 2D video disdrometer. Proc. 2008 European Conf. on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology (ERAD), Helsinki, Finland. [Available online at http://erad2008.fmi.fi/proceedings/index/ index.html.]