Individuals Who Report Being Abducted by Aliens: Investigating the Differences in Fantasy Proneness, Emotional Intelligence and the Big Five Personality Factors

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 139-161

  Hough, Peter ^a   Rogers, Paul ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77953518296     PISSN: 02762366     EISSN: 15414477     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2190/IC.27.2.e     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Appelle S. Lynn S. J. Newman L. (2000). Alien abduction experiences. In Cardena G. Lynn S. J. Krippner S. (Eds.), Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
2. Banaji M. R. Kihlstrom J. F. (1996). The ordinary nature of alien abduction memories. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 132–135.
3. Bartholomew R. E. Basterfield K. Howard G. S. (1991). UFO abductees and contactees: Psychopathology or fantasy proneness? Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 22(3), 215–222.
4. Blackmore S. (1998). Abduction by aliens or sleep paralysis? Skeptical Inquirer, 22(3), 23–28.
5. Blackmore S. Cox M. (1988). Alien abductions, sleep paralysis and the temporal lobe. European Journal of UFO and Abduction Studies, 1, 113–118.
6. Bullard T. E. (1987). UFO abductions: The measure of a mystery. Mount Ranier: Fund for UFO Research.
7. Burger J. M. (2004). Personality (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
8. Cattell R. B. Eber H. W. Tatsuoka M. M. (1970). Handbook for the Sixteen Personality Factor questionnaire (16PF). Champaign, IL: Institute for Personality and Ability Testing.
9. Ciarrochi J. Chan A. Caputi P. Roberts R. (2001). Measuring emotional intelligence. In Ciarrochi J. Forgas J. P. Mayer J. D. (Eds.), Emotional intelligence in everyday life: A scientific inquiry. New York: Psychology Press.
10. Clancy S. A. (2005). Abducted: How people come to believe they were kidnapped by aliens. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
11. Clancy S. A. McNally R. J. Schacter D. L. Lenzenweger M. F. Pitman R. K. (2002). Memory distortion in people reporting abduction by aliens. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 455–461.
12. Clark S. E. Loftus E. F. (1996). The construction of space alien abduction memories. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 140–143.
13. Cohen J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press.
14. Costa P. T. Jr., & McCrae R. R., (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
15. Datson S. L. Marwit S. J. (1997). Personality constructs and perceived presence of deceased loved one. Death Studies, 21, 131–146.
16. Dudley R. T. (2002). Order effects in research on paranormal belief. Psychological Reports, 90, 655–666.
17. Fiske S. T. Taylor S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
18. Fisman S. Takhar J. (1996). Alien abduction in PTSD. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34(8), 974–975.
19. French C. C. (2001). Alien abductions. In Roberts R. Groome D. (Eds.), Parapsychology: The science of unusual experience (pp. 102–116). London: Arnold.
20. French C. C. (2003). Fantastic memories: The relevance of research into eyewitness testimony and false memories for reports of anomalous experiences. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 10(6–7), 153–174.
21. French C. C. Santomauro J. Hamilton V. Fox R. Thalbourne M. (2005). Psychological and parapsychological aspects of the alien contact experience. Paper presented to the Conference on Developing Perspectives on Anomalous Experience. Liverpool, UK: Hope University College.
22. Funder D. C. (1999). Personality judgement: A realistic approach to person perception. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
23. Gosling S. D. Rentfrow P. J. Swann W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the big-five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504–528.
24. Gow K. Lang T. Chant D. (2004). Fantasy proneness, paranormal beliefs and personality features in out-of-body experiences. Contemporary Hypnosis, 21(3), 107–125.
25. Greene R. L. (1980). The MMPI: An interpretive manual. New York: Grune & Stratton.
26. Hines T. (2003). Science and the paranormal (2nd ed.). Amherst, NY: Prometheus.
27. Holden K. J. French C. C. (2002). Alien abduction experiences: Some clues from neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 7(3), 163–178.
28. Hopkins B. (1981). Missing time: A documented study of UFO abductions. New York: Richard Marek.
29. Hopkins B. Jacobs D. M. Westrum R. (1992). Unusual personal experiences: An analysis of the data from three national surveys conducted by the Roper Organization. Las Vegas, NV: Bigelow Holding Corporation.
30. Hough P. (1999). Visitation—The certainty of alien activity. London: London House.
31. Hough P. Kalman M. (1997). The truth about alien abductions. London: Blandford.
32. Irwin H. J. (1990). Fantasy proneness and paranormal beliefs. Psychological Reports, 66, 655–658.
33. Irwin H. J. (1992). Origins and functions of paranormal belief: The role of childhood trauma and interpersonal control. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 86(3), 199–208.
34. Irwin H. J. (1994). Paranormal beliefs and proneness to dissociation. Psychological Reports, 75, 1344–1346.
35. Irwin H. J. Watt C. (2007). An introduction to parapsychology (5th ed.). Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
36. Kenny D. A. (1994). Interpersonal perception: A social relations analysis. New York: Guilford Press.
37. Kopolow M. S. (1997). Alien abductees' reports of world view reconstruction. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 58(4-B), 2180.
38. Lawrence T. Edwards C. Barraclough N. Church S. Hetherington F. (1995). Modelling childhood causes of paranormal belief and experience: Childhood trauma and childhood fantasy. Personality & Individual Differences, 19(2), 209–215.
39. Locke T. P. Shontz F. C. (1983). Personality correlates of the near-death experience: A preliminary study. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 77, 311–318.
40. Lynn S. J. Kirsch I. I. (1996). False memories, hypnosis and fantasy proneness: Their role in alleged alien abduction. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 151–155.
41. Mack J. E. (1994). Abduction: Human encounters with aliens. London: Simon & Schuster.
42. Mayer J. D. Salovey P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In Salovey P. Sluyter D. (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational implications. New York: Basic Books.
43. Mayer J. D. Salovey P. Caruso D. (2000). Models of emotional intelligence. In Sternberg R. J. (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence (2nd ed.). (pp. 396–420). New York: Cambridge University Press.
44. Mayer J. D. Salovey P. Caruso D. Sitarenios G. (2003). Measuring emotional intelligence with the MSCEIT V2.0. Emotion, 3(1), 97–105.
45. McLeod C. C. Corbisier B. Mack J. E. (1996). A more parsimonious explanation for UFO abduction. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 156–168.
46. McNally R. J. Clancy S. A. (2005). Sleep paralysis, sexual abuse and space alien abduction. Transcultural Psychiatry, 42(1), 113–122.
47. McNally R. J. Lasko N. B. Clancy S. A. Macklin M. L. Pitman R. K. Orr S. P. (2004). Psychophysiological responding during script-driven imagery in people reporting abduction by space aliens. Psychological Science, 15(7), 493–497.
48. Merckelbach H. Horselenberg R. Muris P. (2001). The Creative Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ): A brief self-report measure of fantasy proneness. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 987–995.
49. Myers S. A. Austrin H. R. Grisso J. T. Nickeson R. C. (1983). Personality characteristics as related to the out-of-body experience. Journal of Parapsychology, 47, 131–144.
50. Newman L. J. Blaumesiter R. F. (1996a). Towards an explanation of the UFO abductions phenomenon: Hypnotic elaboration, extraterrestrial sadomasochism and spurious memories. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 99–126.
51. Newman L. J. Blaumesiter R. F. (1996b). Not just another false memory: Further thoughts on the UFO abduction phenomenon. Psychological Inquiry, 2(2), 185–197.
52. Nickell J. (1996). A study of fantasy proneness in the thirteen cases of alleged encounters in John Mack's Abduction. Skeptical Inquirer May/June 1996. [online]. Available: http://www.csicop.org/si/9605/mack.html
53. Parnell J. O. (1988). Measured personality characteristics of persons claiming UFO experiences. Psychotherapy in Private Practice, 6(3), 159–165.
54. Parnell J. O. Sprinkle R. L. (1990). Personality characteristics of persons who claim UFO experiences. Journal of UFO Studies, 2, 45–58.
55. Patry A. L. Pelletier L. G. (2001). Extraterrestrial beliefs and experiences: An application of the theory of reasoned action. Journal of Social Psychology, 14(2), 199–217.
56. Petrides K. V. Furham A. (2000). On the dimensional structure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 313–320.
57. Powers S. M. (1997). Alien abduction narratives. In Krippner S. Power S. M. (Eds.), Broken images, broken selves: Dissociative narratives in clinical practice (pp. 199–215). Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, Inc.
58. Qualter P. Gardner K. J. Whiteley H. E. (2007). Emotional intelligence: Review of research and educational implications. Pastoral Care in Education, 25(1), 11–20.
59. Reynolds W. M. (1982). Development of reliable and valid short forms of the Marlowe-Crowne Scale of Social Desirability. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(1), 119–125.
60. Rhue J. W. Lynn S. J. (1987). Fantasy proneness: Developmental antecedents. Journal of Personality, 55(1), 121–137.
61. Ring K. Rosing C. J. (1990). The Omega Project: A psychological survey of persons reporting abductions and other UFO encounters. Journal of UFO Studies, 2, 59–98.
62. Rodeghier M. Goodpaster J. Blatterbauer S. (1991). Psychosocial characteristics of abductees. Journal of UFO Studies, 3, 59–90.
63. Rogers P. Qualter P. Phelps G. Gardner K. (2006). Belief in the paranormal, coping and emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1089–1105.
64. Saklofske D. H. Austin E. J. Minski P. S. (2003). Factor structure and validity of a trait emotional intelligence measure. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 707–721.
65. Salovey P. Mayer J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185–211.
66. Sánchez-Bernardos M. L. Avia M. D. (2004). Personality correlates of fantasy proneness among adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1067–1079.
67. Schutte N. S. Malouff J. M. Hall L. E. Haggerty D. J. Cooper J. T. Golden C. J. Dornheim L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167–177.
68. Sebastian K. A. Mathew G. (2001). Personality correlates of psi experience. Journal of Indian Psychology, 19(1–2), 21–24.
69. Spanos N. P. (1996). Multiple identities and false memories: A sociocognitive perspective. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
70. Spanos N. P. Cross P. A. Dickson K. DuBreuil S. C. (1993). Close encounters: An examination of UFO experiences. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102(4), 624–632.
71. Tobacyk J. J. (1988). A revised paranormal belief scale. Unpublished manuscript. Ruston, LA: Louisiana Technical University.
72. Tobacyk J. J. Milford G. (1983). Belief in paranormal phenomena: Assessment instrument development and implications for personality functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(5), 1029–1037.
73. Wilson S. C. Barber T. X. (1981). Vivid fantasy and hallucinatory abilities in the life histories of excellent hypnotic subjects (“somnabules”): Preliminary report with female subjects. In Klinger E. (Ed.), Imagery, Vol. 2, Concepts, results and applications (pp. 133–149). New York: Plenum Press.
74. Wilson S. C. Barber T. X. (1983). The fantasy prone personality: Implications for understanding imagery, hypnosis, and parapsychological phenomena. In Sheikh A. A. (Ed.), Imagery: Current theory, research and application (pp. 340–387). New York: Wiley.
75. Wolfradt U. (1997). Dissociative experiences, trait anxiety and paranormal beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 23(1), 15–19.
76. Zingrone N. L. Alvarado C. S. (1994). Psychic and dissociative experiences: A preliminary report. In Bierman D. J. (Ed.), Proceedings of presented papers. The parapsychological Association 37th Annual Convention, University of Amsterdam.
77. Zingrone N. L. Alvarado C. S. Dalton K. (1998–99). Psi experiences and the big five: Relating the NEO-PI-R to the experience claims of experimental subjects. European Journal of Parapsychology, 14, 31–51.