Europe- a pioneer in greenhouse gas emissions trading: History of rule development and major design elements

Intereconomics

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 219-228

  Butzengeiger, Sonja ^a   Michaelow, Axel ^a   Bode, Sven ^a  

^a Hamburgisches Welt Wirtschafts Archiv   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77953417668     PISSN: 00205346     EISSN: 1613964X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03031709     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. 6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
2. A. MichaeIowa: Impact of interest groups on EU climate policy, in: European Environment, Vol. 8, No. 5, 1998, pp. 152-160.
3. ECCP: European Climate Change Programme, Report June 2001, http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat/eccp_longreport 0106.pdf, obtained June 30, 2003.
4. R Zapfel, M. Vainio: Pathways to European Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading: History and Misconceptions, FEEM Working Paper 85.02, Venice 2002, pp. 7, 24.
5. EU Commission: Green paper on greenhouse gas emissions trading in the EU, Commission (2000) 87 final, http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/ com/gpr/2000/com2000_0087en01.p df, obtainedJ une 30, 2003.
6. EU Commission: Proposal for a framework Directive for greenhouse gas emissions trading within the European Community, Commission (2001) 581, http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat/ emission.htm.
7. Council of the European Union: Amended proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC.-Political agreement, Interinstitutional File: 2001/0245 (COD), BrussePs 2002
8. Council of the European Union: Council's Common Position on the adoption of a Directive establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC of 18 March 2003, http://register.consilium.eu.int/pdf/en/
9. B EP Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy: Draft recommendation for second reading on the Council common position for adopting a European Parliament and Council directive establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/ EC, PE328.778, Strasbourg, April 9, 2003, http://www.europarl.eu.int/ meetdocs/committees/envi/20030210/488548en.pdf
10. EP Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy: Consolidated amendment 1, PE 328.778/AMC. 1, Strasbourg, June 4, 2003, http://www.europarLeu.int/meetdocs/committees/envi/2003021 O 500378. EN.pdf.
11. Council of the European Union: Amended proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC. Second reading agreement, June 25, 2003.
12. For indirect interdependencies see S. Butzengeiger, R. Betz, S. Bode: Making GHG emissions trading work-crucial issues in de+ signing national and international emissions trading systems, HWWA Discussion Paper No. 154, Hamburg 2001
13. S. Bode: Implications of Linking National Emission Trading Schemes prior to the Start of the First Commitment Period of the Kyoto Protocol, HWWA Discussion Paper No. 214, Hamburg 2003.
14. Article 29 of the directive allows Member States to issue additional allowances to certain installations "in cases of force majeure
15. AGE: Zwischenberichte der Unterarbeitsgruppen 1-4 der "Arbeitsgruppe Emissionshandel zur Bek&mpfung des Treibhauseffekts", Berlin, December 2002, http://www.bmu.de/de/1024/js/download/ down_index emissionshandel/?id=252&nav id=2875&page=1, obtained July 2, 2003.
16. VCI: advertisements "Emissions Trading: Falscher Ansatz der EU-Richtlinie for den Klimaschutz" and,Emissions Trading-EU proposal would stifle investments in GermanyP', 2001,2002, www.vci.de, search for "emissions trading", obtained July 4, 2003.
17. Bundeskanzleramt: SchrSder mahnt faire Lastenverteilung bei EUEmissionshandel an, July 10, 2002.
18. AGE: Stellungnahme der AGE zum "Issue Paper for Further Consultations on Emissions Trading" zur von der Kommission durchgeföhrten Beratungsrunde Qber die Schaffung von Rahmenbedingungen for einen EU-weiten Handel mit Emissionsrechten, Grevenbroich, September 2001, http://www.bmu.de/files/emissionshandedl ok2.pdf, obtained July 2, 2003.
19. In Germany, preparations for the legislation process, i.e. the drawing of a proposal for a German emissions trading law, have already been initiated.
20. Transaction costs are not considered here.,9 For example the voluntary agreement on climate protection between German industry and government, the German federal emission control act / the IPPC directive, the renewable energy sources act and the law on the support of combined heat and power installations, the ecological tax reform as well as the agreed phasing out of nuclear power.
21. Auctioning schemes are not taken into account.
22. Defined in this context as industry (including electricity generation), households and services, and transport.
23. An operator might choose this strategy if he fears a relative disadvantage compared to his competitors.
24. E Vorholz: Was kostet die Luft?, in: Die Zeit, No. 29, 10.07.2003.
25. EU Commission: Commission Proposat for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2003/./EC establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, in respect of the Kyoto Protocol's project mechanisms, Brussels 2003.