An investigation of family SES-based inequalities in depressive symptoms from early adolescence to emerging adulthood

Advances in Life Course Research

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 147-161

  Wickrama, K A S ^a   Noh, Samuel ^b   Elder, Glen H ^c  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

Depressive symptoms; Early life course; Inequalities

Indexed keywords

EID: 77953289561     PISSN: 15694909     EISSN: 18796974     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.alcr.2010.04.001     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Adler N.E., Boyce T., Chesney M.A., Cohen S., Folkman S., Kahn R.L., et al. Socioeconomic status and health: The challenge of the gradient. American Psychologist 49 (1994) 15-24
2. Allison P. Missing data (2001), Sage, Thousands Oaks, CA
3. Arnett J.J. Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist 55 (2000) 469-480
4. Bernhardt E., Gahler M., and Goldscheider F. The impact of childhood family structure and conflict on routes out of the parental home in Sweden. Acta Sociologica 48 (2005) 99-115
5. Blane D., Bartley M., Smith G.D., Filakti H., Bethune A., and Harding S. Social patterning of medical mortality in youth and early adulthood. Social Science and Medicine 39 (1994) 361-366
6. Bourdieu P. The logic of practice (1990), Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA
7. Brody G.H., Chen Y.F., Murry V.M., Ge X., Simons R.L., Gibbons F.X., et al. Perceived discrimination and the adjustment of African American youths: A five-year longitudinal analysis with contextual moderation effects. Child Development 77 (2006) 1170-1189
8. Brooks-Gunn J., Graber J.A., and Paikoff R.L. Studying links between hormones and negative affect: Models and measures. Journal of Research on Adolescence 4 (1994) 469-486
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity morality world report Vol. 45 (1996) pp. 16-19
10. Chantala K., Kalsbeek W.D., and Andraca E. Non-response in wave III of the Add Health Study (2004). http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/pubs/ Available at: http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/pubs/
11. Chen E., Matthews K.A., and Boyce W.T. Socioeconomic differences in children's health: How and why do these relationships change with age?. Psychological Bulletin 128 (2002) 295-329
12. Conger K.J., Williams S.T., Little W.M., Maysn K.E., and Shebloski B. Development of mastery during adolescence: The role of family problem solving. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 50 (2009) 99-114
13. Conger R.D., Ge X., Elder Jr. G.H., Lorenz F.O., and Simons R.L. Economic stress, coercive family process, and developmental problems of adolescents. Child Development 65 (1994) 541-561
14. Clausen J. American lives: Looking back at the children of the great depression (1993), University California Press, Berkely, CA
15. Dannefer D. Cumulative advantage/disadvantage and the life course: Cross-fertilizing age and social science theory. Journals of Gerontology 58B (2003) S327-S337
16. Derogatis L.R. SCL-90-R: Administration, scoring and procedures manual II. 2nd ed. (1983), Clinical Psychometric Research, Towson, MD
17. Donner A. A review of inference procedures for the intraclass correlation coefficient in the one-way random effects model. International Statistical Review 54 (1986) 67-82
18. Duncan T.E., Duncan S.C., Strycker L.A., Li F., and Alpert A. An introduction to latent variable growth curve modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (1999), Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
19. Elder Jr. G.H. The life course as developmental theory. Child Development 69 (1998) 1-12
20. Elder G.H., George L.K., and Shanahan M.J. Psychological stress over the life course. In: Kaplan H.B. (Ed). Psychological stress: Perspective on structure, theory, life course and methods (1996), Acadamic Press Course, Orlando, FL 247-292
21. Ge X., Lorenz F.O., Conger R.D., Elder G.H., and Simons R.L. Trajectories of stressful life events and depressive symptoms during adolescence. Developmental Psychology 30 (1994) 467-483
22. Gore S., and Aseltine Jr. R.H. Race and ethnic differences in depressed mood following the transition from high school. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 44 (2003) 370-389
23. Hallinan M.T., and Teixeira R.A. Students' interracial friendships: Individual characteristics, structural effects, and racial differences. American Journal of Education 95 (1987) 563-583
24. Harper S., and Lynch J. Methods for measuring cancer disparities: A review using data relevant to Healthy People 2010 cancer-related objectives. National Cancer Institute (2006)
25. Hatch S.L. Conceptualizing and identifying cumulative adversity and protective resources: Implications for understanding health inequalities. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) 130-134
26. Hayward M.D., and Gorman B.K. The long-arm of childhood: The influence of early-life social conditions on men's mortality. Demography 41 (2004) 80-107
27. House J.S., Lantz P.M., and Herd P. Continuity and change in the social stratification of aging and health over the life course: Evidence from a nationally representative longitudinal study from 1986 to 2001/2002 (Americans Changing Lives Study). Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) S15-S26
28. Jackson P.B. Health inequalities among minority populations. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2006) 63-67
29. Kerckhoff A.C. The transition from school to work. In: Mortimer J.T., and Larson R.W. (Eds). The changing adolescent experience: Societal trends and the transition to adulthood (2002), Cambridge University Press, New York
30. Kreiter M.S. Grown up at 21? No way (2003), United Press International, Washington, DC
31. Koivusilta L.K., Rimpelä A.H., and Kautiainen S.M. Health inequality in adolescence. Does stratification occur by familial social background, family affluence, or personal social position?. BMC Public Health 6 (2006) 110. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/6/110 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/6/110 Accessed 10.03.07
32. Larson R.W., Moneta G., Richards M.H., and Wilson S. Continuity, stability, and change in daily emotional experience across adolescence. Child Development 73 (2002) 1151-1165
33. Lewis A.E. Race in the schoolyard: Negotiating the color line in classrooms and communities (2003), Rutgers University Press, Piscataway, NJ
34. Link B.G., and Phelan J. Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 36 (1995) 80-94
35. Lynch S.M. Cohort and life-course patterns in the relationship between education and health: A hierarchical approach. Demography 40 (2003) 309-331
36. Marmot M.G. General approaches to migrant studies: The relation between disease, social class and ethnic origin. In: Cruickshank J.K., and Beevers D.G. (Eds). Ethnic factors in health and disease (1989), Butterworth, London
37. Matjasko J.L., Grunden L.N., and Ernst J.L. Structural and dynamic process family risk factors: Consequences for holistic adolescent functioning. Journal of Marriage and Family 69 (2007) 654-674
38. Mathews T.J., and Hamilton B.E. Mean age of mother 1970-2000. Centers for Disease Control, National Vital Statistics Reports (2002) 51
39. Merton R.K. The Matthew effect in science. II: Cumulative advantage and the symbolism of intellectual property. Isis 79 (1988) 606-623
40. Miech R.A., Eaton W.W., and Brennan K. Mental health disparities across education and sex: A prospective analysis examining how they persist over the life course. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) 93-98
41. Meich R.A., and Shanahan M.J. Socioeconomic status and depression over the life course. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 41 (2000) 162-176
42. Moneta G.B., Schneider B., and Csikszentmihalyi M. A longitudinal study of the self-concept and experiential components of self-worth and affect across adolescence. Applied Developmental Science 5 (2001) 125-142
43. Moody J. Race, school integration, and friendship segregation in America. American Journal of Sociology 107 (2001) 679-716
44. In: Mortimer J.T., and Larson R.W. (Eds). The changing adolescent experience: Societal trends and the transition to adulthood (2002), Cambridge University Press, New York
45. Noh S., Beiser M., Kaspar V., Hou F., and Rummens J. Perceived racial discrimination, depression, and coping: A study of Southeast Asian refugees in Canada. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 40 (1999) 193-207
46. O'Rand A.M. The precious and the precocious: Understanding cumulative disadvantage and cumulative advantage over the life course. Gerontologist 36 (1996) 230-238
47. O'Rand A.M., and Hamil-Luker J. Processes of cumulative adversity: Childhood disadvantage and increased risk of heart attack across the life course. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) S117-S124
48. Osgood W.D., Ruth G., Eccles J.S., Jacobs J.E., and Barber B.L. Six paths to adulthood: Fast starters, parents without careers, educated partners, educated singles, working singles, and slow starters. In: Settersten Jr. R.A., Furstenberg Jr. F.F., and Rumbaut R.G. (Eds). On the frontier of adulthood: Theory, research, and public policy (2005), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL
49. Pearlin L.I. The sociological study of stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 30 (1989) 241-256
50. Power C., Hertzman C., Matthews S., and Manor O. Social differences in health: Life-cycle effects between ages 23 and 33 in the 1958 British Birth Cohort. American Journal of Public Health 87 (1997) 1499-1503
51. Prus S.G. Age, SES, and health: A population level analysis of health inequalities over the lifecourse. Sociology of Health and Illness 29 (2007) 275-296
52. Radloff L.S. The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement 1 (1977) 385-401
53. Radloff L.S. The use of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in adolescents and young adults. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 20 (1991) 149-166
54. Raudenbush S.W., and Bryk A.S. Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods. 2nd ed. (2002), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
55. Robinson R. The fetal origins of adult disease. British Medical Journal 322 (2001) 375-376
56. Rosenberg M. Society and adolescent self-image (1965), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
57. Ross C.E., and Wu C.L. Education, age, and the cumulative advantage in health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 37 (1996) 104-120
58. Sampson R.J., and Laub J.R. Crime in the making: Pathways and turning points through life (1993), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
59. Sandefur G.D., Eggerling-Boeck J., and Park H. Off to a good start? Postsecondary education and early adult life. In: Settersten Jr. R.A., Furstenberg Jr. F.F., and Rumbaut R.G. (Eds). On the frontier of adulthood: Theory, research, and public policy (2005), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL
60. Scaramella L.V., Conger R.D., Simons R.L., and Whitbeck L.B. Predicting risk for pregnancy by late adolescence: A social contextual perspective. Developmental Psychology 34 (1998) 1233-1245
61. Schoeni R.F., and Ross K.E. Material assistance from families during the transition to adulthood. In: Settersten Jr. R.A., Furstenberg Jr. F.F., and Rumbaut R.G. (Eds). On the frontier of adulthood: Theory, research and public policy (2005), The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL
62. Shanahan M.J. Pathways to adulthood in changing societies: Variability and mechanisms in life course perspective. Annual Review of Sociology 26 (2000) 667-692
63. Spencer M.B. Resiliency and fragility factors associated with the contextual experiences of low-resource urban African-American male youth and families. In: Booth A., and Crouter A.C. (Eds). Does it take a village? Community effects on children, adolescents, and families (2001), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Mahwah, NJ
64. Sroufe A.L., Duggal S., Weinfield N., and Carlson E. Relationships, development, and psychopathology. In: Sameroff A.J., Lewis M., and Miller S.M. (Eds). Handbook of developmental psychopathology. 2nd ed. (2000), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York
65. Steinberg L., Lamborn S.D., Darling N., Mounts N.S., and Dornbusch S.M. Over-time changes in adjustment and competence among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Development 65 (1994) 754-770
66. Turner R., and Noh S. Class and psychological vulnerability among women: The significance of social support and personal control. Journal of Health and Social Behavior (1983) 242-315
67. Turner R.J., Wheaton B., and Lloyd D.A. The epidemiology of social stress. American Sociological Review 60 (1995) 104-125
68. Walesman M.K., Gee G.C., and Geronimus A.T. Ethnic differences in trajectories of depressive symptoms: Disadvantage in family background, high school experiences, and adult characteristics. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 50 (2009) 82-97
69. West P. Health inequalities in the early years: Is there equalization in youth?. Social Science and Medicine 44 (1997) 833-858
70. Wheaton B., and Clarke P. Space meets time: Integrating temporal and contextual influences on mental health in early adulthood. American Sociological Review 68 (2003) 680-706
71. Whitbeck L.B., Simons R.L., Conger R.D., Lorenz F.O.S.H., and Elder Jr. G.H. Family economic hardship, parental support, and adolescent self-esteem. Social Psychology Quarterly 54 (1991) 353-363
72. Whitbeck L.B., Simons R.L., Conger R.D., Wickrama K.A.S., Ackley K.A., and Elder Jr. G.H. The effects of parents' working conditions and family economic hardship on parenting behaviors and children's self-efficacy. Social Psychology Quarterly 60 (1997) 291-303
73. Wickrama K.A.S., and Bryant C.M. Community context of social resources and adolescent mental health. Journal of Marriage and Family 65 (2003) 850-866
74. Wickrama K.A.S., Conger R.D., and Abraham W.T. Early adversity and later health: The intergenerational transmission of adversity through mental disorder and physical illness. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) 125-129
75. Wickrama K.A.S., Conger R.D., Lorenz F.O., and ElderF G.H. Jr. Parental education and adolescent self-reported physical health. Journal of Marriage and the Family 60 (1998) 967-978
76. Wickrama K.A.S., Conger R.D., Wallace L.E., and Elder Jr. G.H. Linking early social risks to impaired physical health during the transition to adulthood. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 44 (2003) 61-74
77. Wickrama K.A.S., and Noh S. The long arm of community: The influence of childhood community contexts across the early life course. Journal of Youth and Adolescence (2009) (available online)
78. Wickrama K.A.S., Noh S., and Bryant C.M. Racial differences in adolescent distress: Differential effects of the family and community for blacks and whites. Journal of Community Psychology 33 (2005) 261-282
79. Williams D.R. The health of U.S. racial and ethnic populations. Journals of Gerontology 60B (2005) S53-S62
80. Wilson A.E., Shuey K.M., and Elder Jr. G.H. Cumulative advantage processes as mechanisms of inequality in life course health. American Journal of Sociology 12 (2007) 1886-1924
81. Yu Y., and Williams D.R. Social class. In: Aneshensel C.S., and Phelan J.C. (Eds). Handbook of Sociology of mental health (1999), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York