Foraging decisions of bison for rapid energy gains can explain the relative risk to neighboring plants in complex swards

Ecology

Volumn 91, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1841-1849

  Courant, Sabrina ^a   Fortin, D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Associational susceptibility; Energy maximization; Food selection; Mammalian herbivores; Neighbor contrast defense; Plant herbivore interactions

Indexed keywords

ANTIHERBIVORE DEFENSE; BIOENERGETICS; CATTLE; CONSUMER-RESOURCE INTERACTION; DECISION MAKING; ENERGY FLOW; ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; FOOD INTAKE; FOOD SELECTION; FORAGING EFFICIENCY; GENERALIST; HETEROGENEITY; OPTIMUM FORAGING THEORY; PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTION; PREY SELECTION; SEDGE; SPATIAL ANALYSIS; SWARD;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BUFFALO; CANADA; CYPERACEAE; DIET; ECOSYSTEM; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; PHYSIOLOGY;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; BISON; CANADA; CAREX PLANT; DIET; ECOSYSTEM; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR;

BISON; BISON BISON; CAREX; CAREX ATHERODES; MAMMALIA;

EID: 77953251133     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/09-1226.1     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Allison, P. D. 2003. Logistic regression using the SAS system. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
2. Aim, U., B. Birgersson, and O. Leimar. 2002. The effect of food quality and relative abundance on food choice in fallow deer. Animal Behaviour 64:439-445.
3. Aim Bergvall, U., and O. Leimar. 2005. Plant secondary compounds and the frequency of food types affect food choice by mammalian herbivores. Ecology 86:2450-2460.
4. Alm Bergvall, U., P. Rautio, K. Kesti, J. Tuomi, and O. Leimar. 2006. Associational effects of plant defences in relation to within- and between-patch food choice by a mammalian, herbivore: neighbour contrast susceptibility and defence. Oecologia 147:253-260.
5. Arthur, R. L., R. J. Hudson, N. T. Donkor, and J. R. King. 2009. Foraging rates of wapiti on alfafa/bromegrass pastures. Small. Ruminant Research. 82:46-52.
6. Atsatt, P. R., and D. J. O'Dowd. 1976. Plant defense guilds. Science 193:24-29.
7. Bailey, D. W., J. E. Gross, E. A. Laca, L. R. Rittenhouse, M. B. Coughenour, D. M. Swift, and P. L. Sims. 1996. Mechanisms that result in large herbivore distribution patterns. Journal of Range Management 49:386-400. (Pubitemid 27245833)
8. Ball, J. P., K. Danell, and P. Sunesson. 2000. Response of an herbivore community to increased food quality and quantity: an experiment with nitrogen fertilizer in a boreal, forest. Journal of Applied. Ecology 37:247-255.
9. Baraza, E., R. Zamora, and J. A. Hódar. 2006. Conditional outcomes in plant-herbivore interactions: neighbours matter. Oikos 113:148-156.
10. Barkan, C. P. L., and M. L. Withiam, 1989. Profitability, rate maximization, and reward delay: a test of the simultaneousencounter model of prey choice with Parus atricapillus. American Naturalist 134:254-272.
11. Bee, J. N., A. J. Tanentzap, W. G. Lee, R. B. Lavers, A. F. Mark, J. A. Mills, and D. A. Coomes. 2009. The benefits of being in a bad neighbourhood: plant community composition influences red deer foraging decisions. Oikos 118:18-24.
12. Bergman, C. M., J. M. Fryxell, and C. C. Gates. 2000. The effect of tissue complexity and sward height on the functional. response of wood bison. Functional Ecology 14:61-69.
13. Bergman, C. M., J. M. Fryxell, C. C. Gates, and D. Fortin. 2001. Ungulates foraging strategies: energy maximizing or time maximizing? Journal of Animal Ecology 70:289-300.
14. Bergman, M., G. R. Iason, and A. J. Hester. 2005. Feeding patterns by roe deer and rabbits on pine, willow and birch in relation to spatial arrangement. Oikos 109:513-520. (Pubitemid 40534539)
15. Bergström, R. 1992. Browse characteristics and impact of browsing on trees and shrubs in African savannas. Journal, of Vegetation Science 3:315-324.
16. Burlison, A. J., J. Hodgson, and A. W. Illius. 1991. Sward canopy structure and the bite dimensions and bite weight of grazing sheep. Grass and Forage Science 46:29-38.
17. Callaway, R. M., D. Kikodze, M. Chiboshvili, and L. Khetsuriani. 2005. Unpalatable plants protect neighbors from grazing and increase plant community diversity. Ecology 86:1856-1862.
18. Capêraà, P., and B. V. Custem, 1988. Méthodes et modèles en statistique non-paramétrique: Exposé fondamental. Presses de l'Université Laval, Dunod, Quebec, Canada.
19. Coyne, J. A., S Elwyn, and E. Rolán-Alvarez. 2005. Impact of experimental design on Drosophila sexual isolation studies: direct effects and comparison to field hybridization data. Evolution 59:2588-2601.
20. Dziminski, M. A., P. E. Vercoe, and J. D. Roberts. 2009. Variable offspring provisioning and fitness: a direct test in the field. Functional Ecology 23:164-171.
21. Farnsworth, K. D., and A. W. Illius. 1998. Optimal diet choice for large herbivores: an extended contingency model. Functional Ecology 12:74-81.
22. Fortin, D. 2001. An adjustment of the extended contingency model of Farnsworth and Illius (1998). Functional Ecology 15:138-139. (Pubitemid 32152201)
23. Fortin, D., and M.-E. Fortin. 2009. Group size dependent association between, food profitability, predation risk and distribution of free-ranging bison. Animal Behaviour 78:887-892.
24. Fortin, D., J. M. Fryxell, L. O'Brodovich, and D. Frandsen. 2003. Foraging ecology of bison at the landscape and plant Community levels: The applicability of energy maximization principles. Oecologia 134:219-227.
25. Fortin, D., J. M. Fryxell, and R. Pilote. 2002. The temporal scale of foraging decisions in bison. Ecology 83:970-982.
26. Fryxell, J. M. 1991. Forage quality and aggregation by large herbivores. American Naturalist 138:478-498.
27. Gordon, I. J., A. W. Illius, and J. D. Milne. 1996. Sources of variation in the foraging efficiency of grazing ruminants. Functional. Ecology 10:219-226.
28. Hambäck, P. A., J. Agren, and L. Ericson. 2000. Associational resistance: insect damage to purple loosestrife reduced in thickets of sweet gale. Ecology 81:1784-1794.
29. Hambäck, P. A., and A. P. Beckerman. 2003. Herbivory and plant resource competition: a review of two interacting interactions. Oikos 101:26-37.
30. Hayter, A. J. 1984. Proof of the conjecture that the Tukey-Kramer method is conservative. Annals of Statistics 12:61-75.
31. Hester, A. J., and G. J. Baillie. 1998. Spatial and temporal. patterns of heather use by sheep and red deer within natural heather/grass mosaics. Journal of Applied Ecology 35:772-784.
32. Hjältén, J., K. Danell, and P. Lundberg. 1993. Herbivore avoidance by association: vole and hare utilization of woody plants. Oikos 68:125-131.
33. Hobbs, N. T., J. E. Gross, L. A. Shipley, D. E. Spalinger, and B. A. Wunder. 2003. Herbivore functional response in heterogeneous environments: a contest among models. Ecology 84:666-681.
34. Holt, R. D. 1977. Predation, apparent competition, and structure of prey communities. Theoretical Population Biology 12:197-229.
35. Howe, H. F., B. Zorn-Arnold, A. Sullivan, and J. S. Brown. 2006. Massive and distinctive effects of meadow voles on grassland vegetation. Ecology 87:3007-3013.
36. Illius, A. W., I. J. Gordon, D. A. Elston, and J. D. Milne. 1999. Diet selection in goats: a test of intake-rate maximization. Ecology 80:1008-1018.
37. Jiang, Z., and R. J. Hudson. 1993. Optimal grazing of wapiti (Cervus elaphus) on grassland: patch and feeding station departure rules. Evolutionary Ecology 7:488-498.
38. Krebs, C. J. 1989. Ecological methodology. Harper-Collins, New York, New York, USA.
39. Mattson, W. J. 1980. Herbivory in relation to plant nitrogen content. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11:119-161.
40. McLean, S., S. Brandon, N. W. Davies, W. J. Foley, and H. K. Muller. 2004. Jensenone: biological reactivity of a marsupial antifeedant from Eucalypus. Journal of Chemical. Ecology 30: 19-36.
41. McNaughton, S. 1978. Serengeti ungulates: feeding selectivity influences the effectiveness of plant defense guilds. Science 199:806-807.
42. Miller, A. M., C. McArthur, and P. J. Smethurst. 2007. Effects of within-patch characteristics on the vulnerability of a plant to herbivory. Oikos 116:41-52.
43. Noonburg, E. G., and J. E. Byers. 2005. More harm than good: when invader vulnerability to predators enhances impact on native species. Ecology 86:2555-2560.
44. OUT, H., F. W. M. Vera, J. Bokdam, E. S. Bakker, J. M. Gleichman, K. De Maeyer, and R. Smit. 1999. Shifting mosaics in grazed woodlands driven by the alternation of plant facilitation and competition. Plant Biology 1:127-137.
45. Orrock, J. L., M. S. Witter, and O. J. Reichman. 2008. Apparent competition with an exotic plant reduces native plant establishment. Ecology 89:1168 - 1174.
46. Palmer, S. C. F., A. J. Hester, D. A. Elston, I. J. Gordon, and S. E. Hartley. 2003. The perils of having tasty neighbors: grazing impacts of large herbivores at vegetation boundaries. Ecology 84:2877-2890.
47. Pietrzykowski, E., C. McArthur, H. Fitzgerald, and A. N. Goodwin. 2003. Influence of patch characteristics on browsing of tree seedlings by mammalian herbivores. Journal. of Applied Ecology 40:458-469.
48. Pusenius, J., K. Prittinen, H. Roininen, and M. Rousi. 2003. Effects of the availability of herbaceous food on vole attacks on birch seedlings. Ecoscience 10:155 - 160.
49. Rousset, O., and J. Lepart. 2002. Neighbourhood effects on the risk of an unpalatable plant being grazed. Plant Ecology 165: 197-206.
50. SAS Institute. 2000. SAS/STAT user's guide, Version 8.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
51. Schindler, J. R., T. E. Fulbright, and T. D. A. Forbes. 2003. Influence of thorns and tannins on white-tailed deer browsing after mowing. Journal of Arid. Environment 55:361-377.
52. Shipley, L. A., S. Blomquist, and K. Danell. 1998. Diet choices made by free-ranging moose in northern Sweden in relation to plant distribution, chemistry, and morphology. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76:1722-1733.
53. Shrader, A. M., N. Owen-Smith, and J. O. Ogutu. 2006. How a mega-grazer copes with the dry season: food and nutrient intake rates by white rhinoceros in the wild. Functional Ecology 20:376-384.
54. Spalinger, D. E., T. A. Hanley, and C. T. Robbins. 1988. Analysis of the functional response in foraging in the Sitka blacked-tailed deer. Ecology 69:1166-1175.
55. Stephens, D. W., and J. R. Krebs. 1986. Foraging theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
56. Thioulouse, J., D. Chessel, S. Dolédec, and J.-M. Olivier. 1996. ADE-4: a multivariate analysis and graphical display software. Mathematics and Statistics 7:75-83.
57. Wahl, M., and M. E. Hay. 1995. Associational resistance and shared doom: effects of epibiosis on herbivory. Oecologia 102:329-340.
58. White, J. A., and T. G. Whitham. 2000. Associational susceptibility of cottonwood to a box elder herbivore. Ecology 81:1795-1803.
59. Wilmshurst, J. F., J. M. Fryxell, and C. M. Bergman. 2000. The allometry of patch selection in ruminants. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 267:345-349.
60. Wilmshurst, J. F., J. M. Fryxell, and R. J. Hudson. 1995. Forage quality and patch choice by wapiti (Cervus elaphus). Behavioural Ecology 6:209-217.