A study of cirrus ice particle size distribution using TC4 observations

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 67, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 195-216

  Tian, Lin ^a   Heymsfield, Gerald M ^b   Heymsfield, Andrew J ^c   Bansemer, Aaron ^c   Li, Lihua ^b   Twohy, Cynthia H ^d   Srivastava, Ramesh C ^a,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY   (United States)

^b NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^c NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARACTERISTIC PARTICLES; ICE PARTICLES; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; LOG-NORMAL DISTRIBUTION; LOG-NORMAL FUNCTIONS; STANDARD CURVES;

CLOUDS; EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS; NASA; PARTICLE SIZE;

PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS;

CIRRUS; CLOUD CLASSIFICATION; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; CONVECTIVE CLOUD; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; PARTICLE SIZE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 77953234205     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009JAS3114.1     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Baumgardner, D., H. Jonsson, W. Dawson, D. O'Connor, and R. Newton, 2002: The cloud, aerosol and precipitation spectrometer: A new instrument for cloud investigations. Atmos. Res., 59-60, 251-264.
2. Brandes, E. A., G. Zhang, and J. Vivekanandan, 2003: An evaluation of a drop distribution-based polarimetric radar rainfall estimator. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 652-660.
3. Brown, P. R. A., and P. N. Francis, 1995: Improved measurements of the ice water content in cirrus using a total-water probe. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 410-414.
4. Delanoë, J., A. Protat, J. Testud, D. Bouniol, A. J. Heymsfield, A. Bansemer, P. R. A. Brown, and R. M. Forbes, 2005: Statistical properties of the normalized ice particle size distribution. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D10201, doi:10.1029/2004JD005405.
5. Feingold, G., and Z. Levin, 1986: The lognormal fit to raindrop spectra from frontal convective clouds in Israel. J. Appl. Meteor., 25, 1346-1363.
6. Field, P. R., R. J. Hogan, P. R. A. Brown, A. J. Illingworth, T. W. Choularton, and R. J. Cotton, 2005: Parametrization of ice-particle size distributions for mid-latitude stratiform cloud. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 1997-2017.
7. Field, P. R., A. J. Heymsfield, and A. Bansemer, 2007: Snow size distribution parameterization for midlatitude and tropical ice clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 4346-4365.
8. Gunn, K. L. S., and J. S. Marshall, 1958: The distribution with size of aggregate snowflakes. J. Atmos. Sci., 15, 452-461.
9. Heymsfield, A. J., and C. M. R. Platt, 1984: A parameterization of the particle size spectrum of ice clouds in terms of the ambient temperature and the ice water content. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 846-855.
10. Heymsfield, A. J., A. Bansemer, P. R. Field, S. L. Durden, J. L. Stith, J. E. Dye, W. Hall, and C. A. Grainger, 2002: Observations and parameterizations of particle size distributions in deep tropical cirrus and stratiform precipitating clouds: Results from in situ observations in TRMM field campaigns. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3457-3491.
11. Heymsfield, A. J., A. Bansemer, C. Schmitt, C. Twohy, and M. R. Poellot, 2004: Effective ice particle densities derived from aircraft data. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 982-1003.
12. Heymsfield, G. M., and Coauthors, 1996: The EDOP radar system on the high-altitude NASA ER-2 aircraft. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 13, 795-809.
13. Lee, G., I. Zawadzki, W. Szyrmer, D. Sempere-Torres, and R. Uijlenhoet, 2004: A general approach to double-moment normalization of drop size distributions. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 264-281.
14. Li, L., G. M. Heymsfield, P. E. Racette, L. Tian, and E. Zenker, 2004: A 94-GHz cloud radar system on a NASA high-altitude ER-2 aircraft. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 21, 1378-1388.
15. Lo, K. K., and R. E. Passarelli, 1982: The growth of snow in winter storms: An airborne observational study. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 697-706.
16. Locatelli, J. D., and P. V. Hobbs, 1974: Fall speeds and masses of solid precipitation particles. J. Geophys. Res., 79, 2185-2197.
17. Marshall, J. S., and W. M. K. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166.
18. Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N. Pandis, 1998: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. John Wiley & Sons, 1326 pp.
19. Sekhon,R. S., and R.C. Srivastava, 1971:Doppler radar observation of drop size in a thunderstorm. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 983-994.
20. Testud, J., S. Oury, R. A. Black, P. Amayenc, and X. Dou, 2001: The concept of "normalized" distribution to describe raindrop spectra: A tool for cloud physics and cloud remote sensing. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1118-1140.
21. Tinel, C., J. Testud, J. Pelon, R. J.Hogan, A. Protat, J.Delanoë, and D. Bouniol, 2005: The retrieval of ice-cloud properties from cloud radar and lidar synergy. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 860-875.
22. Twohy, C. H., A. J. Schanot, and W. A. Cooper, 1997: Measurement of condensed water content in liquid and ice clouds using an airborne counterflow virtual impactor. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 14, 197-202.
23. Ulbrich, C. W., 1983: Natural variations in the analytical form of the raindrop-size distribution. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1764-1775.
24. 0 jump of raindrop spectra. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1067-1078.
25. Willis, P. T., 1984: Functional fits to some observed drop size distributions and parameterization of rain. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1648-1661.