Air pollution and control in different areas of China

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 40, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 452-518

  Hu, Hui ^a   Yang, Qi ^a   Lu, Xi ^a   Wang, Wenchao ^a   Wang, Shanshan ^a   Fan, Maohong ^b  

^a HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

Author keywords

Acid rain; Air pollution; Control; NO2; PM10; PM2.5; SO2

Indexed keywords

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY; CHINESE GOVERNMENT; CONTROL MEASURES; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC REFORM; ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS; INHALABLE PARTICLES; NORTHWEST CHINA; SOUTHWEST CHINA; YANGTZE RIVER;

ACID RAIN; ACIDS; AIR QUALITY; ECONOMICS; FOSSIL FUELS; POLLUTION;

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL;

FOSSIL FUEL; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

ACID RAIN; AIR QUALITY; AMBIENT AIR; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; COMBUSTION; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC REFORM; ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS; FOSSIL FUEL; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; POLLUTION CONTROL; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

ACID RAIN; AIR POLLUTANT; AIR POLLUTION; AIR POLLUTION CONTROL; AIR QUALITY STANDARD; AMBIENT AIR; CHINA; CITY; COMBUSTION; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; EXHAUST GAS; GOVERNMENT; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PARTICULATE MATTER; REVIEW; RIVER;

CHINA; YANGTZE RIVER;

EID: 77953209801     PISSN: 10643389     EISSN: 15476537     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10643380802451946     Document Type: Review

References (171)

1. 3, NOx and CO in summer with Beijing 325 m meteorological tower. Environmental Science, 24(6), 43-47.
2. 3 concentrations in Beijing. Environmental Science, 28(4), 706-711.
3. Beijing Environmental State Bulletin.(1998-2007). Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing. Retrieved from: http://www.bjepb.gov. cn/.
4. Beijing Statistical Yearbook. (2004). The twenty years of reform and openup of Beijing, 1999. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press, Beijing.
5. Bian, H.F., and Liu, J.L. (2001). Air pollution and bio-control study in Chinese city. Journal of Northeast Normal University, 33(1), 79-83.
6. Changchun Statistical Yearbook. (2002-2007). The statistical bulletin of the economic and social development of Changchun. Changchun Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press.
7. Changsha Environmental State Bulletin.(2003-2007). Changsha Environmental Protection Bureau, Changsha. Retrieved from: http://www.changsha.gov.cn/.
8. Chen, C.H., Fang, C.Z., and Bao, X.H. (1997). Estimation of motor vehicle emissions in Shanghai proper. Shanghai Environmental Sciences, 15(6), 26-29.
9. Chen, C.H., Huang, J.G., and Ren, Z.H. (1986). Meteorological conditions of photochemical smog pollution during summer in Xigu industrial area, Lanzhou. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 6(3), 334-342.
10. Chen, C.Y., Liang, G.L., and Wang, X.H. (2006). Chemical composition and sources of aerosol fine particles in Guangzhou. Environmental Monitoring in China, 22(5), 61-64.
11. Chen, K.J., Chen, G.C., Zhang, W.D., Meng, X.X., and Wang, D.Y. (2003). Affecting factors on precipitation acidity in Chongqing City, China. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 22(2), 163-166.
12. Chen, Y., Wang, J.Y., Xing, Q., Lu, C.X., Chen, N.J., and Liu, Z.B. (1999). The pollution level of the inhalable particulate matters in Guangzhou, China. Environmental Monitoring in China, 15(2), 42-46.
13. Chen, Y.J., Shi, Z.B., He, K.B., Ma, Y.L., and Liu Y. (2007). Physicochemical characteristics of individual mineral particles collected during dust storm periods in Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences, 20(1), 52-56.
14. Cheng, S.Q., Liao, D.Q., Zhan, P., and Han, L.L. (2006). Study on benzo(a)pyrene pollution on the main traffic road and its effect on human health in Chongqing City. Journal of Preventive Medicine Information, 22(5), 516-518.
15. Chengdu Environmental State Bulletin.(2001-2007). Chengdu Environmental Protection Bureau, Chengdu. Retrieved from:http://www.cdepb.gov.cn/.
16. China Environmental Bulletin. (1999-2007). China Environmental Protection Department. Retrieved from http://www.zhb.gov.cn/.
17. China News. (2006, May 23). Retrieved from http://news.xinhuanet.com/ politics/2006-05/22/.
18. Chongqing Environmental State Bulletin.(1998-2007). Chongqing Environmental Protection Bureau, Chongqing. Retrieved from: http://www.cepb.gov. cn/.
19. Chongqing Statistical Yearbook. (1998-2006). Chongqing Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press.
20. Deng, X.J., Wu, D., Tie, X.X., Li, F., Tan, H.B., and Bi, X.Y. (2006). Study on the effect of atmospheric aerosol on actinic flux and ozone in large city, part I: Current research state abroad and at home and observed event. Guangdong Meteorology, 3, 10-17.
21. Deng, Z.Q. (2006, May). Characteristies of distribution and sources of organic compounds in the winter atmospherical particles in Lanzhou. Master's thesis, Lanzhou University.
22. Du, C. (2006). Current situation of vehicle tail gas pollution and control. Environmental Study and Monitoring, 19(4), 24-26.
23. Duan, J.C. (2005-2006). Size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aerosol of Guangzhou and characteristics of EC and OC in areosol of Guangzhou and Hong Kong. Doctoral thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
24. Fuzhou Environmental Bulletin. (1991-2007). Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Fuzhou. Retrieved from http://www.fzepb.gov.cn/.
25. Gansu Environment Protection Bureau. (2008). Retrieved from: http://www.gsep. gansu.gov.cn.
26. Gao, D.F., Zhang, Y.H., and Cao, Y.Q. (2007). Process analysis of ozone formation in Guangzhou: Application of observation based model. Research of Environmental Sciences, 20(1), 47-51.
27. Gao, J. (2005, May). Observation and characteristic study of ozone and relative pollutants in boundary layer over eastern and southern China. Master's thesis, Shandong University.
28. Gao, J.H. (2003). Regularities and prevention-controlling measures of air pollution in Lanzhou City. Journal of Xi'an Petroleum Institute, 18(4), 85-88.
29. 10 in air in urban and suburb areas of Shanghai. Shanghai Environmental Sciences, 25(5), 203-207.
30. Guangzhou Environmental Bulletin. (1999-2007). Guangzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Guangzhou. Retrieved from: http://www.gzepb.gov.cn/.
31. Guiyang Environmental Bulletin (2001-2007). Guiyang Environmental Protection Bureau, Guiyang. Retrieved from: http://www.ghb.gov.cn/.
32. Haikou Environmental Bulletin, (1999-2007). Haikou Environmental Protection Bureau, Haikou. Retrieved from http://www.haikou.gov.cn/.
33. Han, W.M. (2002). Research of atmospheric NOx source and controlling method in Hangzhou. Research of Environmental Sciences, 15(1), 34-37.
34. Hangzhou Environmental Bulletin. (1991-2007). Hangzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Hangzhou. Retrieved from http://www.hzepb.gov.cn/.
35. Hao, J.M., Wang, L.T., Li, L., Hu, J.N., and Yu, X.C. (2005). Contribution rate of air pollution sources of energy and analysis of regulation countermeasures in Beijing. Science in China Ser. D Earth Sciences, 35(Suppl. I), 115-122.
36. Harbin Environmental Bulletin. (2001-2007). Harbin Environmental Protection Bureau, Harbin. Retrieved from http://www.harbin.gov.cn/.
37. 2. 5 in Beijing, China [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4959-4970.
38. He, K.B., Yu, X.C., Lu, Y.Q., Hao, J.M., and Fu, L.X. (2003). Characterization of urban air pollution sources. Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 16(6), 269-271.
39. Hu, M., Zhao, Y.L., He, L.Y., Huang, X.F., Tang, X.Y., Yao, X.H., and Chen, Z.Q. (2005). Mass size distribution of Beijing particulate matters and its inorganic water-soluble ions in winter and summer. Environmental Science, 26(4), 1-6. See http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2006-05/22/.
40. Huang, J., Wu, D., Huang, M.H., Li, F., Bi, X.Y., Tan, H.B., and Deng, X.J. (2008). Visibility variations in the pearl river delta of China during the period of 1954-2004. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 19(1), 61-68.
41. Huhhot Environmental Bulletin. (1998-2007). Huhhot Environmental Protection Bureau, Huhhot. Available at: http://www.nmgzfjd.gov.cn/.
42. Jiang, C.H. (2002). Analysis on the effect of sand and dust weather to Shenyang urban environmental air quality. Environmental Protection Science, 28(114), 4-5.
43. 3 key source tracing method in a regional chemical transport model. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 64(3), 281-292.
44. Jiang, Y.D., Wang, S.G., Qi, B., Shang, K.Z., Yang, D.B., and Yang, M. (2000). Temporal and spatial variations of ozone concentration and its relations with meteorological factors in Lanzhou Proper. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 36(5), 118-125.
45. Jinan Environmental Bulletin. (1991-2007). Jinan Environmental Protection Bureau, Jinan. Retrieved from http://www.jinan.gov.cn/.
46. Kunming Environmental Bulletin. (2001-2007). Kunming Environmental Protection Bureau, Kunming. Retrieved from http://www.kmepb.gov.cn/.
47. Lai, S.C., Ye, J.P., Zhang, Yi.Y., Zou, S.C., Cao, J.J., and Li, S.C. (2004b). Pollution characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols during summer period in Guangzhou. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 43(5), 61-65.
48. 2.5 during winter period in Guangzhou, China. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 4 (Suppl.), 712-715.
49. Lanzhou Bureau of Statistics, Lanzhou. Retrieved from: http://www.gs.stats.gov.cn/.
50. Lanzhou Environmental Bulletin. (1999-2007). Lanzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Lanzhou. Retrieved from http://www.lzepa.gov.cn.
51. Lhasa Environmental Bulletin. (2001-2007). Lhasa Environmental Protection Bureau, Lhasa. Retrieved from http://www.lasa.gov.cn/.
52. Li, J., Zhang, G., and Qi, S.H. (2004). Characteristics and seasonal variations and influence factors on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Guangzhou City. Environmental Science, 25(3), 7-13.
53. 2.5 levels in street microenvironment in Guangzhou. Earth and Environment, 33(2), 57-60.
54. Li, X.N., Xiong, Y.Y., Xu, D.D., and Chai, Z.F. (2007). Source and distribution of organohalogens in atmosphere in Shanghai. Environmental Science, 28(3), 466-471.
55. Liang, Y.F., and Liu, C.R. (2003). Status analysis of respirable particulates in environmental air in Shenyang. Environmental Protection Science, 29(2), 6-7.
56. Lin, X.Q., Ren, M.J., and Su, N. (1995). Element components and distribution of atmospheric particulates in Shenyang urban areas. Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 8(2), 10-12.
57. Liu, J., Fan, S.J., Zhang, L., Chen, C.H., Chen, X.L., and Meng, Z.P. (2006a). Analysis on the pollution characteristics of atmospheric particle in Lanzhou City in winter. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 42(6), 45-48.
58. Liu, J.F. (2007). A study on developing on-line measuring system for chemical components in ambient fine part and their real-time variation in Guangzhou. Doctor's thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
59. Liu, J.F., Song, Z.G., and Xu, T. (2006). Study on ionic composition of rainwater at Guangzhou and the primary factors of rainwater acidity. Environmental Science, 27(10), 1998-2002.
60. Liu, Z.G., Xi, X.X., Wang, X.W., Tao, J.H., Yang, J.C., and Yan, H.X. (2006b). Monitoring and analysis on atmospheric aerosol at surface boundary layer over Lanzhou City in March and April in 2002. Arid Meteorology, 24(2), 49-54.
61. Luo, H. (2006). Pollution characteristic of Shenyang inhalable particles of atmosphere. Journal of Shenyang Institute of Chemical Technology, 20(3), 185-188.
62. 2·5) in Shanghai air. Environmental Science, 28(3), 472-477.
63. Ma, F.M., Gao Q.X., Zhou, S.Q., Su, F.Q., Kang, N., and Sun, J. (2008). The simulation and analysis of a typical pollution event around Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences, 21(1), 30-36.
64. Ma, Y.J., Cui, J.S., Liu, X.M., and Zhang, J. (2005). Analysis on variation characteristics of atmospheric pollutant in a group of cities in central Liaoning from 1987 to 2002. Plateau Meteorology, 24(3), 428-435.
65. Ma, Y.J., Liu, N.W., and Wang, Y.F. (2007). Comprehensive research of the city air quality distribution conditions in winter season in Liaoning province. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 23(3), 15-18.
66. Ma, Y.L., and Zhang, Y.H. (2000). The study on pollution of atmospheric photochemical oxidants in Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences, 13(1), 14-17.
67. Nanning Environmental Bulletin. (1999-2007). Nanning Environmental Protection Bureau, Nanning. Retrieved from http://www.nnhb.gov.cn/.
68. Nanjing Environmental Bulletin. (2002-2007). Nanjing Environmental Protection Bureau, Nanjing. Retrieved from http://www.njhb.gov.cn/.
69. National Bureau of Statistics of China. Retrieved from http://www.stats.gov.cn/.
70. Nuo, Q.Q. (2005). Pollution characteristics of inhalable particulate matter and fog water of Chongqing urban section. Doctoral thesis, Chongqing University.
71. Pan, C.Z., Chen, G.C., Yang, Q.L., Zhao, Q., and Zhou, X.J. (2004). Characteristics of air pollution related to main roads in Chongqing City. Characteristics of air pollution related to main roads in Chongqing City. Si Chuan Environment, 23(6), 27-30.
72. Peng, L., Cheng, M.L., and Zhang, C.M. (2000). Identifying the distribution and pollution sources of PAHs in airborne particulate in Lanzhou. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 31(12), 126-128.
73. Peng, L., and Shen, P. (1996). The concentration variation and its distribution characteristics of organic matter of airborne particulates in Lanzhou City. Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica, 14(1), 156-160.
74. Peter, C., Chu, A., Yu, C., Chen, B., and Shihua, L. (2008). Particulate air pollution in Lanzhou China. Environment International, 34(5), 1-16.
75. Qian, H., Fu, Q.Y., and Ma, B.W. (2003). Monitoring on PAHs and BaP in ambient air of Shanghai. Shanghai Environmental Sciences, 22(11), 779-786.
76. 2 in Shanghai atmosphere. Shanghai Environmental Sciences, 17(10), 12-15.
77. Qin, Y., Dai, W., Li, C.Z., Yin, Q., Zhang, Q.X., Sun, T., Zhao, J.Q., and Xu, X.P. (1999). Correlation between respirable particulate (IP) and other factors in ambient air of Shenyang. Chinese Public Health Transaction, 18(2), 79-81.
78. Ren, Y. (2006). Study on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dust in Shanghai. Doctoral thesis, Fudan University, 51-60.
79. Ren, Z.H., Wan, B.T., Su, F.Q., Gao, Q.X., Zhang, Z.G., Hong, Z.X., Hu, F., and Cheng, S.Y. (2004). Several characteristics of atmospheric environmental quality in China at present. Research of Environmental Sciences, 17(1), 1-6.
80. Sha, C.Y., He, W.S., Tong, C.F., and Lu, J.J. (2007). Analysis on the variation of acidity and chemical compositions of rainwater in Shanghai. Research of Environmental Sciences, 20(5), 31-34.
81. Shanghai Environmental Bulletin. (1991-2007). Shanghai Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Shanghai. Retrieved from: http://www.shanghai. gov.cn/.
82. Shanghai Statistical Yearbook, 1978. (2007). Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press, 1985-2005.
83. Shenyang Environmental Bulletin. (2001-2007). Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau, Shenyang. Retrieved from http://www.syepb.gov.cn.
84. Shi, Y.H., Zhang, J., and Liu, C.R. (2002). Temporal and spatial variation of the air quality in Shenyang. Meteorological Science and Technology, 30(5), 313-317.
85. Statistical Bulletin of the Economic and Social Development of Guangzhou.(2006-2007). Guangzhou Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press. Retrieved from: http://www.gzstats.gov.cn/.
86. Statistical Bulletin of the Economic and Social Development of Hefei.(2004-2007). Hefei Municipal Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press. Retrieved from: http://tjj.hefei.gov.cn/.
87. Statistical Bulletin of the Economic and Social Development of Nanchang.(2004-2007). Nanchang Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press. Retrieved from: http://www.nctj.gov.cn/.
88. Statistical Bulletin of the Economic and Social Development of Wuhan. (2007). Wuhan Bureau of Statistics, China Statistics Press. Retrieved from http://www. whtj.gov.cn/.
89. Su, F.Q., Ren, Z.H., Gao, Q.X., and Zhang, Z.G. (2004). Convergence system of air contamination in boundary layer above Beijing and north China: Transportation convergence in boundary layer. Research of Environmental Science, 17(1), 21-25.
90. Su, F.Q., Yang, M.Z., Zhong, J.H., and Zhang, Z.G. (2004). The effects of synoptic type on regional atmospheric contamination in north China. Research of Environmental Sciences, 17(3), 16-20.
91. Ta, W.Q., Wang, T., and Xiao, H.L. (2004). Gaseous and particulate air pollution in the Lanzhou Valley, China. Science of the Total Environment, 320(2-3), 163-176.
92. Taiyuan Environmental Bulletin. (1998-2007). Taiyuan Environmental Protection Bureau, Taiyuan. Retrieved from http://www.tyshbj.com.cn/.
93. 3 concentration and related meteorological factors in summertime in urban area of Shanghai. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 23(5), 515-519.
94. Tan, J.H. (2007). The preliminary study of the characteristics of aerosols during haze and its effect on visibility in Guangzhou. Doctoral thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
95. Tang, H.J. (2004). Study on distribution regularity of the air pollution in Guangzhou City. Geographical Research, 23(4), 495-513.
96. Tang, M., Wu, H., and Gao, D.L. (1999). Acid rain in Lanzhou and its formation mechanism. Gansu Meteorology, 17(2), 13-15.
97. Tang, X.L. (2006). Size distribution of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and molecular marker in polar portion in aerosol from typical area of Guangzhou. Doctoral thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
98. Tang, X.L., Bi, X.H., Chen, Y.J., Sheng, G.Y., and Fu, J.M. (2006). Study on the size distribution of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in the aerosol. Research of Environmental Sciences, 19(1), 104-108.
99. Tang, X.Y., Li, J.L., and Dong, Z.X. (1989). Photochemical pollution in Lanzhou, China\a case study. Journal of Environmental Science (China), 1, 31-38.
100. 10 concentration in Lanzhou and its assessment. Journal of Desert Research, 27(4), 672-676.
101. Tianjin Environmental Bulletin. (1998-2007). Tianjin Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Tianjin. Retrieved from http://www.tjhb.gov.cn/ .
102. Urumchi Environmental Bulletin. (1990-2007). Urumchi Environmental Protection Bureau, Urumchi. Retrieved from http://www.wlmqhb.gov.cn/.
103. Wang, G., Xia, D.S., Yang, L.P., Chen, F.H., Liu, X.M., and Wei, H.T. (2008). Seasonal variation characteristics of element concentration of street dust in Lanzhou. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 44(1), 6-9.
104. 10 pollution in northern China. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 7975-7982.
105. Wang, S.G., Yang, M., Qi, B., Xin, C.L., and Yang, M.F. (1999). Influence of sand-dust storms occurring over the Gansu Hexi district on the air pollution in Lanzhou City. Journal of Desert Research, 19(4), 354-358.
106. Wang, S.L., Zhang, Y.H., Zhong, L.J., Li, J.L., and Yu, Q. (2005). Interaction of urban air pollution among cities in Zhujiang Delta. China Environmental Science, 25(2), 133-137.
107. 2.5 in Chongqing. Master's thesis, Chongqing University.
108. Wang, W.X., and Zhang, W.H. (1997). On the precipitation acidity in Beijing. Research of Environmental Science, 10(4), 6-9.
109. Wang, X., Xi, X.X., Guo, Z.L., Liu, Z.G., and Chen, X.L. (2006b). Analysis of the sand-stormy weather in Lanzhou during the spring of 2002. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 42(3), 44-47.
110. Wang, X.M., Han, Z.W., and Lei, X.E. (2003). Study on ozone concentration change of Guangzhou district. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 42(4), 106-109.
111. 2.5 and TSP aerosol in Shanghai. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 2935-2952.
112. Wang, Ya.X. (2007). Study on toxicology and epidemiology effects of fine particle matters to health in Lanzhou. Master's thesis, Lanzhou University.
113. Wei, Y.M., Pan, F., Wang, J., and Nu, L. (2006). Relationship of severe TSP pollution and natural dustfall in Lanzhou City. Journal of Desert Research, 26(5), 763-766.
114. Wen, T.X., Wang, Y.S., Xu, H.H., Ma, Z.Q., and Ji, D.S. (2007). Comparison of the characteristics of ambient pollutants in urban and background region in Beijing during August and September. Research of Environmental Sciences, 20(5), 7-11.
115. Wu, D. (2007). A preliminary study of influences of dust events on chemical properties of precipitation and TSP pollution. Master's thesis, Lanzhou University.
116. 2 environmental capacity and the planning of air quality promotion of Beijing City. Master's thesis, Beijing University of Technology.
117. Wuhan Environmental Bulletin, (2001-2007). Wuhan Environmental Protection Bureau, Wuhan. Retrieved from http://www.whepb.gov.cn/.
118. Xi'an Environmental Bulletin. (1990-2007). Xi'an Environmental Protection Bureau, Xi'an. Retrieved from http://www.xaepb.gov.cn/.
119. Xiao, R., Chen, G.C., Wang, T.G., Pan, C.Z., and Yang, Q.L. (2006). Mass concentration and water soluble species of PM (10) in ambient air of Chongqing downtown area. Journal of Southwest Agricultural University, 28(4), 624-626.
120. 10 in Lanzhou. Journal of Liaoning Technical University, 26(1), 147-150.
121. Xiao, Z.H., Shao, L.Y., Sun, Z.Q., Zhang, N., and Li, W.J. (2007b). Mineral compositions of individual particles in the inhalable particulate matter in the Lanzhou air during heating period. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 26(1), 64-68.
122. Xie, M., and Chen, N.J. (1999). Variation of air pollution and pollution control coun-termeasures in clean area of Guangzhou. Guangzhou Environmental Sciences, 14(1), 28-31.
123. Xining Environmental Bulletin. (1990-2007). Xining Environmental Protection Bureau, Xining. Retrieved from http://www.xining.gov.cn/.
124. Xu, G. (2007a). Study on source apportionment for ambient air particulate matter in three cities of Liaoning Province. Environmental Monitoring in China, 23(3), 60-61.
125. Xu, H.H. (2007b). Study on the characteristics of mass concentration and inorganic components and the sources of aerosol in Beijing and its surrounding area. Master's thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
126. 2.5 in Beijing. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 18(5), 645-652.
127. Xun, L.J., and Lan, J.T. (2005). Regularity analysis on acid rain and countermeasures in Chongqing. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection, 32(5), 16-19.
128. 2 pollution and evaluation and calculation of the effects on different kinds of emission sources in Beijing area. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 35 (Suppl. I), 167-176.
129. Yan, X.G., and Du, G. (2007). Atmospheric particles distribution character and analysis on heavy metal's pollution status in Shenyang. Environmental Protection Science, 33(3), 20-22.
130. Yang, F.M., He, K.B., Lei, Y., Ma, Y.L., Yu, X.C., Shigeru, T., Tomoaki, O., and Tamami, I. (2004a). Chemical characters of atmospheric precipitation in Beijing in years of 2001-2003. China Environmental Science, 24(5), 538-541.
131. 2.5 in Beijing. Environmental Science, 25(5), 26-30.
132. 2.5 species in Beijing ambient air. J. T. Singhua Univ. (Sci. & Tech.), 42(12), 1605-1608.
133. Yang, L.P., and Chen, F.H. (2002b). Study on the source apportionment of atmospheric dust pollutants in Lanzhou. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 22(4), 499-502.
134. Yang, L.S., Zhou, G.Y., Yu, B., and Wang, Z.X. (2005). Acid rain composition and its correlation analysis at Guangzhou. Ecologic Science, 25(3), 254-257.
135. Yang, S.J., Chen, S., and Yuan, B.X. (2001). The characteristics of 2.5 μ m aerosol measurements in Beijing. Journal of Northern JiaoTong University, 25(6), 50-53.
136. Yang, S.S., Shao, L.Y., Li, W.J., Zhang, G.L., and Tan, M.G. (2007). Influence of coal combustion on atmospheric quality in Shanghai. Journal of China Coal Society, 32(10), 1070-1074.
137. 2. 5 in Shanghai and Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment, 36, 4223-4234.
138. 10 during springtime in Chongqing. Environmental Monitoring in China, 23(3), 69-73.
139. Yin, Y.Q., Li, C.M., Ma, G.X., and Cui, Z.J. (2004). Ozone concentration distribution of urban. Environmental Science, 25(6), 16-20.
140. Yinchuan Environmental State Bulletin.(1990-2007).Yinchuan Environmental Protection Bureau, Yinchuan. Retrieved from:http://www.ycepa.com/.
141. Yu, G.G., Wang, T.G., Wu, D.P., and Wang, J. (2008). A study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in Beijing aerosols. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 37(1), 72-76.
142. Zeng, F.G., Wang, G.Y., Tian, J., Yu, T., and Zhang, H.Y. (2002). Pollution characteristics and source apportionment of PAHs in atmospheric aerosols of some regions in Beijing. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 22(3), 284-288.
143. Zhang, A.D., Wang, X.Y., and Xiu, G.L. (2006a). Characterization of atmospheric TVOCs near traffic road in winter in Shanghai. Environmental Science and Management, 31(1), 54-56.
144. Zhang, D. (2007). The source apportionment of PM (10) in Chongqing City. Master's thesis, Southwest University.
145. Zhang, D.H., Ma, Y.L., He, K.B., Duan, F.K., Jia, Y.T., Tomoaki, O., and Shigeru, T. (2006). Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on airborne particulates in Beijing. Environmental Science, 27(7), 1269-1275.
146. Zhang, J., Chen, Z.L., and Wang, W. (1998a). Source apportionment on fine partic-ulates in atmosphere in Beijing. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 18(1), 62-67.
147. 10) in an industrial zone of Shanghai City. Environmental Chemistry, 26(5), 689-691.
148. Zhang, J., Miao, H., Ouyang, Z.Y., and Wang, X.K. (2006). Ambient air quality trends and driving factor analysis since 1980s in Beijing. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 26(11), 1886-1891.
149. 10 in Beijing in winter. China Powder Science and Technology, 6, 1-4.
150. Zhang, R.J., Wang, M.X., Hu, F., and Xu, Y.F. (2002). Elemental concentrations and distributions of atmospheric particle before and in heating period in Beijing. Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(1), 75-81.
151. Zhang, S.J., and Mao, W.F. (1999). Vehicle emission pollution and its effect on human health in Guangzhou. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 38(Suppl.), 117-120.
152. Zhang, Y., Chen, Y.Q., Zhang, X.S., Zhou, J.B., and Wang, T.G. (2004). Distribution characteristics of PAHs in atmospheric particles in different areas of Beijing during heating period. Environmental Chemistry, 23(6), 681-685.
153. Zhang, Y.H., Shao, K.S., and Tang, X.Y. (1998b). The study of urban photochemical smog pollution in China. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 34(2-3), 392-399.
154. Zhang, Y.H., and Zhu, X.L. (1988). On acid precipitation meteorological condition of Chongqing. Journal of Chong Qing Teachers College (Natural Sciences Edition), 1, 43-48.
155. Zhang, Y.M., Zheng, Y.F., and Lou, W.Y. (2003). Spate of odor pollution and its change in the center urban area of Shanghai. Environmental Science and Management, 15(5), 15-20.
156. Zhang, Y.M., Zheng, Y.F., and Lou, W.Y. (2006). Pollution characterization and variation of ground ozone in Shanghai central urban area. Environmental Science and Management, 31(6), 21-26.
157. Zhang, Y.X., Wang, Y.S., Li, D.L., Li, Y., Zhang, G.L., Zhang, Y.M., Zheng, Y.F., and Shan, Z.C. (2005). Studies on PIXE of inhalable atmospheric particulate matter in winter of Shanghai. China Environmental Sciences, 25(Suppl.), 1-5.
158. Zhang, Z.G. (2003). The study on environmental characteristics of atmosphere and air pollution in Beijing. Master's thesis, Nanjing Institute of Meteorology.
159. Zhao, L.R. (2005). Characteristics of toxic air pollutants and their sources in urban Guangzhou streets. Doctoral thesis, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science.
160. 10 and CO while walking along urban Guangzhou streets. Research of Environmental Sciences, 16(5), 18-21.
161. 2. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 29(7), 146-148.
162. Zheng, X.H. (2005). Time change regulation of environmental air quality in Shanghai and its causes analysis. Arid Environmental Monitoring, 19(1), 16-19.
163. Zheng, X.H. (2007). The acid rain pollution status of shanghai and its cause analysis of formation. Instrumentation Analysis Monitoring, 1, 36-39.
164. Zhengzhou Environmental Bulletin. (2003-2007). Zhengzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Zhengzhou. Retrieved from http://www.zzepb.gov.cn/.
165. Zhi, Y.H., Fu, Z., and Shao, Z.H. (2007). The dust weather and its influence on air quality in Lanzhou City. Journal of Catastrophology, 22(1), 77-81.
166. Zhou, J.B., Wang, T.G., Huang, Y.B., Mao, T., Zhong, N.N., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, X.S. (2004). Distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in inhalable particles in Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences, 17(5), 10-14.
167. 10 of partial areas in Beijing. China Environmental Science, 25(1), 115-119. (Pubitemid 40481399)
168. Zhou, Z.Y., Chen, D.R., Yin, J., and Zhang, W.L. (2003). Analysis on chemic characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Chongqing. Chongqing Environmental Science, 25(11), 112-114.
169. Zhu, B., Ma, L., Yang, J., Li, Z.H., and Zeng, X.P. (2006). Physical and chemical properties of winter aerosol particles in Chongqin. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, 29(5), 661-667.
170. Zong, X.M., Wang, G.C., Chen, H.B., Wang, P.C., and Xuan, Y.J. (2007). Analysis on concentration variety characteristics of atmospheric ozone under the boundary layer in Beijing. Environmental Science, 28(11), 2615-2619.
171. 10 in Beijing by factor analysis. Environmental Monitoring in China, 23(2), 79-85.