Rotational and vibrational cooling in pulsed high-pressure molecular beam expansions from 3 bar into the supercritical regime

Journal of Physical Chemistry A

Volumn 114, Issue 22, 2010, Pages 6377-6383

  Lenzer, Thomas ^a,b,c   Bürsing, Reinhard ^c   Dittmer, Arne ^a   Panja, Sujit S ^a   Wild, Duncan A ^c   Oum, Kawon ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SIEGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COOLING CAPABILITY; CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES; EXPANSION CHAMBER; INTERNAL COOLING; INTERNAL-ROTOR; OPERATING PRESSURE; PRESSURE VALVES; PUMPING SPEED; REPETITION FREQUENCY; ROTATIONAL TEMPERATURE; STAGNATION PRESSURES; SUPERCRITICAL REGIME; SUPERSONIC JET EXPANSION; TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETERS; TRANSLATIONAL TEMPERATURE; VIBRATIONAL COOLING; VOLATILE MOLECULES;

ARGON; COOLING; EXPERIMENTS; MASS SPECTROMETERS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PULSED LASER APPLICATIONS; PULSED LASERS; RIGID ROTORS; SUPERSONIC AERODYNAMICS;

EXPANSION;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; GAS; INSTRUMENTATION; LASER; MASS SPECTROMETRY; METHODOLOGY; PRESSURE; REPRODUCIBILITY; TEMPERATURE; THERMODYNAMICS;

EQUIPMENT DESIGN; GASES; LASERS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRESSURE; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; TEMPERATURE; THERMODYNAMICS;

EID: 77953159522     PISSN: 10895639     EISSN: 15205215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp9092207     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Petersen, R. C.; Matson, D. W.; Smith, R. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2100
2. Weber, M.; Thies, M. C. Understanding the RESS process. In Supercritical Fluid Technology in Materials Science and Engineering; Sun, Y.-P., Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 2002; p 387.
3. Knez, Z.; Weidner, E. Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 2003, 7, 353
4. Türk, M. J. Supercrit. Fluids 2009, 47, 537
5. Oum, K.; Harrison, J. J.; Lee, C.; Wild, D. A.; Luther, K.; Lenzer, T. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2003, 5, 5467
6. Harrison, J. J.; Lee, C.; Lenzer, T.; Oum, K. Green Chem. 2007, 9, 351
7. Imasaka, T.; Yamaga, N.; Ishibashi, N. Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 419
8. Rizzo, T. R.; Park, Y. D.; Levy, D. H. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 85, 6945
9. Rizzo, T. R.; Park, Y. D.; Peteanu, L. A.; Levy, D. H. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 2534
10. Martinez, S. J., III; Alfano, J. C.; Levy, D. H. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1993, 158, 82
11. Snoek, L. C.; Robertson, E. G.; Kroemer, R. T.; Simons, J. P. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2000, 321, 49
12. Dian, B. C.; Longarte, A.; Mercier, S.; Evans, D. A.; Wales, D. J.; Zwier, T. S. J. Chem. Phys. 2002, 117, 10688
13. Dian, B. C.; Longarte, A.; Zwier, T. S. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 118, 2696
14. Unterberg, C.; Gerlach, A.; Schrader, T.; Gerhards, M. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 118, 8296
15. Hillenkamp, F. In Ion Formation From Organic Solids; Springer Series in Chemical Physics 25; Benninghoven, A., Ed.; Springer verlag, Berlin, 1983.
16. von Weyssenhoff, H.; Selzle, H. L.; Schlag, E. W. Z. Naturforsch. 1985, 40a, 674
17. Boesl, U.; Grotemeyer, J.; Walter, K.; Schlag, E. W. Instrum. Sci. Technol. 1987, 16, 151
18. Cable, J. R.; Tubergen, M. J.; Levy, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 6198
19. Li, L.; Lubman, D. M. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 1409
20. Li, L.; Lubman, D. M. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1988, 59, 557
21. Cable, J. R.; Tubergen, M. J.; Levy, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 7349
22. Cable, J. R.; Tubergen, M. J.; Levy, D. H. Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 1988, 86, 143
23. Elam, J. W.; Levy, D. H. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 8113
24. Cohen, R.; Brauer, B.; Nir, E.; Grace, L.; de Vries, M. S. J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 6351
25. Piuzzi, F.; Dimicoli, I.; Mons, M.; Tardivel, B.; Zhao, Q. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2000, 320, 282
26. Hünig, I.; Kleinermanns, K. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2004, 6, 2650
27. Stokes, S. T.; Li, X.; Grubisic, A.; Ko, Y. J.; Bowen, K. H. J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 127 084321
28. Stokes, S. T.; Grubisic, A.; Li, X.; Ko, Y. J.; Bowen, K. H. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 128 044314
29. Giddings, J. C.; Myers, M. N.; Wahrhaftig, A. L. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1970, 4, 9
30. Randall, L. G.; Wahrhaftig, A. L. Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 1703
31. Randall, L. G.; Wahrhaftig, A. L. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1981, 52, 1283
32. Fukuoka, H.; Imasaka, T.; Ishibashi, N. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 375
33. Pang, H. M.; Sin, C. H.; Lubman, D. M.; Zorn, J. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 1581
34. Sin, C. H.; Pang, H. M.; Lubman, D. M.; Zorn, J. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 487
35. Goates, S. R.; Barker, A. J.; Zakharia, H. S.; Khoobehi, B.; Sheen, C. W. Appl. Spectrosc. 1987, 41, 1392
36. Zhang, Q.; Wodtke, A. M. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 7612
37. Goates, S. R.; Sin, C. H.; Simons, J. K.; Markides, K. E.; Lee, M. L. J. Microcolumn Sep. 1989, 1, 207
38. Pang, H. M.; Lubman, D. M. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1988, 59, 2460
39. Stiller, S. W.; Johnston, M. V. Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 567
40. Stiller, S. W.; Johnston, M. V. Appl. Spectrosc. 1987, 41, 1351
41. Anderson, B. D.; Johnston, M. V. Appl. Spectrosc. 1987, 41, 1358
42. Goates, S. R.; Sin, C. H. Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 1989, 25, 81
43. Sin, C. H.; Linford, M. R.; Goates, S. R. Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 233
44. Christen, W.; Geggier, S.; Grigorenko, S.; Rademann, K. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2004, 75, 5048
45. Christen, W.; Krause, T.; Rademann, K. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2008, 277, 305
46. Christen, W.; Rademann, K.; Even, U. J. Chem. Phys. 2006, 125, 174307
47. Christen, W.; Krause, T.; Rademann, K. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2007, 78 073106
48. De Dea, S.; Miller, D. R.; Continetti, R. E. J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113, 388
49. Bonnamy, A.; Hermsdorf, D.; Ueberschaer, R.; Signorell, R. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2005, 76 053904
50. Hillenkamp, M.; Keinan, S.; Even, U. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 118, 8699
51. Even, U.; Jortner, J.; Noy, D.; Lavie, N. J. Chem. Phys. 2000, 112, 8068
52. Bergeron, D. E.; Ayles, V. L.; Richards, O. J.; Wright, T. G. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2006, 430, 282
53. Hammond, C. J.; Ayles, V. L.; Bergeron, D. E.; Reid, K. L.; Wright, T. G. J. Chem. Phys. 2006, 125, 124308
54. Bellm, S. M.; Whiteside, P. T.; Reid, K. L. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 7373
55. Davies, J. A.; Reid, K. L.; Towrie, M.; Matousek, P. J. Chem. Phys. 2002, 117, 9099
56. Nakai, H.; Kawai, M. J. Chem. Phys. 2000, 113, 2168
57. Rottstegge, J.; Hartwig, H.; Dreizler, H. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1999, 195, 1
58. Rottstegge, J.; Hartwig, H.; Dreizler, H. J. Mol. Struct. 1999, 478, 37
59. Ha, Y. M.; Choi, I. S.; Lee, S. K. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 1998, 19, 202
60. Gilbert, B. D.; Parmenter, C. S.; Su, M.-C.; Oh, H.-K.; Zhao, Z.-Q. Appl. Phys. B: Laser Opt. 1994, 59, 397
61. Timbers, P. J.; Parmenter, C. S.; Moss, D. B. J. Chem. Phys. 1994, 100, 1028
62. Moss, D. B.; Parmenter, C. S. J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 98, 6897
63. Zhao, Z.-Q.; Parmenter, C. S.; Moss, D. B.; Bradley, A. J.; Knight, A. E. W.; Owens, K. G. J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 96, 6362
64. Baskin, J. S.; Rose, T. S.; Zewail, A. H. J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 88, 1458
65. Moss, D. B.; Parmenter, C. S.; Ewing, G. E. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 51
66. Parmenter, C. S.; Stone, B. M. J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 4710
67. Okuyama, K.; Mikami, N.; Ito, M. J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 5617
68. Seliskar, C. J.; Leugers, M. A.; Heaven, M.; Hardwick, J. L. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1984, 106, 330
69. Cvitaš, T.; Hollas, J. M. Mol. Phys. 1971, 20, 645
70. Rudolph, H. D.; Seiler, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1965, A20, 1682
71. Scott, D. W.; Messerly, J. F.; Todd, S. S.; Hossenlopp, I. A.; Douslin, D. R.; McCullough, J. P. J. Chem. Phys. 1962, 37, 867
72. Leugers, M. A.; Seliskar, C. J. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1982, 91, 150
73. Leugers, M. A.; Seliskar, C. J. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1982, 91, 209
74. Leugers, M. A. A rotational contour analysis of the 2668 ̊ band system of toluene. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cincinnati, 1981.
75. http://webbook.nist.gov/, 2010.
76. Western, C. M. PGOPHER, a Program for Simulating Rotational Structure, version 5.3.144, University of Bristol, http://pgopher.chm.bris.ac.uk, 2009.
77. Longuet-Higgins, H. C. Mol. Phys. 1963, 6, 445
78. McClelland, G. M.; Saenger, K. L.; Valentini, J. J.; Herschbach, D. R. J. Phys. Chem. 1979, 83, 947
79. Amirav, A.; Even, U.; Jortner J. Chem. Phys. 1980, 51, 31
80. Lenzer, T.; Luther, K.; Troe, J.; Gilbert, R. G.; Lim, K. F. J. Chem. Phys. 1995, 103, 626
81. Linhananta, A.; Lim, K. F. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999, 1, 3467
82. Frerichs, H.; Hollerbach, M.; Lenzer, T.; Luther, K. J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 3179
83. See, e.g., pp 1131 and 1141: Rarefied Gas Dynamics. Papers Selected from the Eleventh International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, Cannes, France; Campargue, R., Ed.; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique: Paris, 1979; Vol. II.