Statins for primary prevention in older adults: Who is high risk, who is old, and what denotes primary prevention?

Annals of Internal Medicine

Volumn 152, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 528-530

  Zieman, Susan J ^a,c   Ouyang, Pamela ^b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BAYVIEW MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; ROSUVASTATIN; FLUOROBENZENE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVE; SULFONAMIDE;

AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; EDITORIAL; HEART INFARCTION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVASCULARIZATION; RISK REDUCTION; STROKE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS; AGE; NOTE; RISK FACTOR;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FLUOROBENZENES; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PYRIMIDINES; RISK FACTORS; SULFONAMIDES;

EID: 77953007766     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: 15393704     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00011     Document Type: Editorial

References (18)

1. Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R, Sherliker P, Emberson J, Halsey J, et al; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths. Lancet. 2007;370:1829-39. [PMID: 18061058]
2. Anderson KM, Wilson PW, Odell PM, Kannel WB. An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals. Circulation. 1991;83:356-62. [PMID: 1984895]
3. de Ruijter W, Westendorp RG, Assendelft WJ, den Elzen WP, de Craen AJ, le Cessie S, et al. Use of Framingham risk score and new biomarkers to predict cardiovascular mortality in older people: population based observational cohort study. BMJ. 2009;338:a3083. [PMID: 19131384]
4. Glynn RJ, Koenig W, Nordestgaard BG, Shepard J, Ridker PM. Rosuvastatin for primary prevention in older persons with elevated C-reactive protein and low to average low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels: exploratory analysis of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:488-96.
5. Yusuf S, Lonn E, Bosch J. Lipid lowering for primary prevention. Lancet. 2009;373:1152-5. [PMID: 19345816]
6. Ridker PM; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease among patients with low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: rationale and design of the JUPITER trial. Circulation. 2003;108:2292-7. [PMID: 14609996]
7. Mora S, Ridker PM. Justification for the Use of statins in primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) - can C-reactive protein be used to target statin therapy in primary prevention? Am J Cardiol. 2006; 97:33A-41A. [PMID: 16442935]
8. Ferrucci L, Corsi A, Lauretani F, Bandinelli S, Bartali B, Taub DD, et al. The origins of age-related proinflammatory state. Blood. 2005;105:2294-9. [PMID: 15572589]
9. Kritchevsky SB, Cesari M, Pahor M. Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular health in older adults. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;66:265-75. [PMID: 15820195] (Pubitemid 40471041)
10. Alexander KP, Newby LK, Cannon CP, Armstrong PW, Gibler WB, Rich MW, et al; American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology. Acute coronary care in the elderly, part I: non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology: in collaboration with the Society of Geriatric Cardiology. Circulation. 2007;115:2549-69. [PMID: 17502590]
11. Sever PS, Dahlöf B, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield M, et al; ASCOT investigators. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial - Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:1149-58. [PMID: 12686036]
12. Shepherd J, Blauw GJ, Murphy MB, Bollen EL, Buckley BM, Cobbe SM, et al; PROSPER study group. PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;360:1623-30. [PMID: 12457784]
13. Gutterman DD. Silent myocardial ischemia. Circ J. 2009;73:785-97. [PMID: 19282605]
14. Fleg JL, Gerstenblith G, Zonderman AB, Becker LC, Weisfeldt ML, Costa PT Jr, et al. Prevalence and prognostic significance of exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia detected by thallium scintigraphy and electrocardiography in asymptomatic volunteers. Circulation. 1990;81:428-36. [PMID: 2297853] (Pubitemid 20055950)
15. McClelland RL, Chung H, Detrano R, Post W, Kronmal RA. Distribution of coronary artery calcium by race, gender, and age: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Circulation. 2006;113:30-7. [PMID: 16365194] (Pubitemid 43958485)
16. Elveback L, Lie JT. Continued high incidence of coronary artery disease at autopsy in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950 to 1979. Circulation. 1984;70: 345-9. [PMID: 6744538]
17. Helfand M, Buckley DI, Freeman M, Fu R, Rogers K, Fleming C, et al. Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease: a summary of systematic reviews conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 151:496-507. [PMID: 19805772]
18. Genest J, McPherson R, Frohlich J, Anderson T, Campbell N, Carpentier A, et al. 2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult - 2009 recommendations. Can J Cardiol. 2009;25:567-79. [PMID: 19812802]