Effect of dietary nitrogen content and intravenous urea infusion on ruminal and portal-drained visceral extraction of arterial urea in lactating Holstein cows

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 93, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 2670-2683

  Kristensen, N B ^a   Storm, A C ^a   Larsen, M ^a  

^a DANISH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Ammonia absorption; Dairy cow; Dietary crude protein; Urea recycling

Indexed keywords

NITROGEN DERIVATIVE; UREA;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BLOOD FLOW; CATTLE; DIET; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; KIDNEY; LACTATION; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; PROTEIN INTAKE; RUMINANT STOMACH; VASCULARIZATION;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; CATTLE; DIET; DIETARY PROTEINS; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; KIDNEY; LACTATION; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; RUMEN; UREA;

BOS;

EID: 77952972341     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: 15253198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3067     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bailey C.B., Balch C.C. Saliva secretion and its relation to feeding in cattle 2. The composition and rate of secretion of mixed saliva in the cow during rest. Br. J. Nutr. 1961, 15:383-402.
2. Calsamiglia, S., A. Ferret, C. K. Reynolds, N. B. Kristensen, and A. M. Van Vuuren. 2010. Strategies for optimizing nitrogen use by ruminants. Animal In press.
3. Cirio A., Boivin R. Urea recycling from the renal pelvis in sheep: A study with [14C] urea. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 1990, 258:F1196-F1202.
4. Erdman R. Dietary buffers and anion-cation balance in relation to acid-base status, feed intake and milk composition in the dairy cow. Acta Vet. Scand. Suppl. 1993, 89:83-91.
5. Gonzalez-Ronquillo M., Balcells J., Guada J.A., Vicente F. Purine derivative excretion in dairy cows: Endogenous excretion and the effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1282-1291.
6. Harmeyer J., Martens H. Aspects of urea metabolism in ruminants with reference to the goat. J. Dairy Sci. 1980, 63:1707-1728.
7. Harvey R.B., Brothers A.J. Renal extraction of para-aminohippurate and creatinine measured by continuous in vivo sampling of arterial and renal-vein blood. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1962, 102:46-54.
8. Houpt T.R. Transfer of urea and ammonium to the rumen. Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant 1970, 119-131. Oriel Press Ltd., Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. A.T. Phillipson (Ed.).
9. Huntington G.B. Hepatic urea synthesis and site and rate of urea removal from blood beef steers fed alfalfa hay or a high concentrate diet. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 1989, 69:215-223.
10. Kennedy P.M., Clarke R.T.J., Milligan L.P. Influences of dietary sucrose and urea on transfer of endogenous urea to the rumen of sheep and numbers of epithelial bacteria. Br. J. Nutr. 1981, 46:533-541.
11. Kennedy P.M., Milligan L.P. The degradation and utilization of endogenous urea in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants: A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 1980, 60:205-221.
12. Kristensen N.B., Storm A., Raun B.M.L., Røjen B.A., Harmon D.L. Metabolism of silage alcohols in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2007, 90:1364-1377.
13. Larsen M., Kristensen N.B. Effect of abomasal glucose infusion on splanchnic and whole-body glucose metabolism in periparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92:1071-1083.
14. Litman T., Søgaard R., Zeuthen T. Ammonia and urea permeability of mammalian aquaporins. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2009, 190:327-358.
15. Marini J.C., Klein J.D., Sands J.M., Van Amburgh M.E. Effect of nitrogen intake on nitrogen recycling and urea transporter abundance in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 2004, 82:1157-1164.
16. Marini J.C., Van Amburgh M.E. Nitrogen metabolism and recycling in Holstein heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 2003, 81:545-552.
17. Marsh W.H., Fingerhut B., Miller H. Automated and manual direct methods for the determination of blood urea. Clin. Chem. 1965, 11:624-627.
18. McAllan A.B., Smith R.H. Degradation of nucleic acids in the rumen. Br. J. Nutr. 1973, 29:331-345.
19. Meijer A.J., Lamers W.H., Chamuleau R.A.F.M. Nitrogen metabolism and ornithine cycle function. Physiol. Rev. 1990, 70:701-748.
20. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 2001, NRC, Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC. 7th rev. ed.
21. Norton B.W., Janes A.N., Armstrong D.G. The effects of intraruminal infusions of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride and sodium butyrate on urea metabolism in sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 1982, 48:265-274.
22. Rémond D., Meschy F., Boivin R. Metabolites, water and mineral exchanges across the rumen wall: mechanisms and regulation. Ann. Zootech. 1996, 45:97-119.
23. Reynal S.M., Broderick G.A. Effect of dietary level of rumen-degraded protein on production and nitrogen metabolism in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2005, 88:4045-4064.
24. Reynolds C.K. Splanchnic amino acid metabolism in ruminants. Ruminant Physiology: Digestion, Metabolism and Impact of Nutrition on Gene Expression, Immunology and Stress 2006, 225-248. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. K. Sejrsen, T. Hvelplund, M.O. Nielsen (Eds.).
25. Reynolds C.K., Kristensen N.B. Nitrogen recycling through the gut and the nitrogen economy of ruminants-An asynchronous symbiosis. J. Anim. Sci. 2008, 86(E. Suppl.):E293-E305.
26. Røjen B.A., Kristensen N.B. Effect of nitrogen supply on inter-organ urea flux in dairy cows. Book of Abstracts of the 60th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production 2009, 369.
27. Røjen B.A., Lund P., Kristensen N.B. Urea and short-chain fatty acids metabolism in Holstein cows fed a low-nitrogen grass-based diet. Animal 2008, 2:500-513.
28. Sands J.M. Regulation of renal urea transporters. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999, 10:635-646.
29. Satter L.D., Slyter L.L. Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 1974, 32:199-208.
30. Siddons R.C., Nolan J.V., Beever D.E., MacRae J.C. Nitrogen digestion and metabolism in sheep consuming diets containing contrasting forms and levels of N. Br. J. Nutr. 1985, 54:175-187.
31. Simmons N.L., Chaudhry A.S., Graham C., Scriven E.S., Thislethwaite A., Smith C.P., Stewart G.S. Dietary regulation of ruminal bUT-B urea transporter expression and localization. J. Anim. Sci. 2009, 87:3288-3299.
32. Stewart G.S., Graham C., Cattell S., Smith T.P.L., Simmons N.L., Smith C.P. UT-B is expressed in bovine rumen: Potential role in ruminal urea transport. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2005, 289:R605-R612.
33. Stewart G.S., Smith C.P. Urea nitrogen salvage mechanisms and their relevance to ruminants, non-ruminants and man. Nutr. Res. Rev. 2005, 18:49-62.
34. Sunny N.E., Owens S.L., Baldwin R.L., El-Kadi S.W., Kohn R.A., Bequette B.J. Salvage of blood urea nitrogen in sheep is highly dependent upon plasma urea concentration and the efficiency of capture within the digestive tract. J. Anim. Sci. 2007, 85:1006-1013.
35. Taniguchi K., Huntington G.B., Glenn B.P. Net nutrient flux by visceral tissues of beef steers given abomasal and ruminal infusions of casein and starch. J. Anim. Sci. 1995, 73:236-249.
36. Vagnoni D.B., Broderick G.A., Clayton M.K., Hatfield R.D. Excretion of purine derivatives by holstein cows abomasally infused with incremental amounts of purines. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80:1695-1702.
37. Wallace R.J., Cheng K.-J., Dinsdale D., Ørskov E.R. An independent microflora of the epithelium and its role in the ecomicrobiology of the rumen. Nature 1979, 279:424-426.
38. Wickersham T.A., Titgemeyer E.C., Cochran R.C., Wickersham E.E., Gnad D.P. Effect of rumen-degradable intake protein supplementation on urea kinetics and microbial use of recycled urea in steers consuming low-quality forage. J. Anim. Sci. 2008, 86:3079-3088.