Architecture of a coarse-grained channel-levée system: The Rosario Formation, Baja California, Mexico

Sedimentology

Volumn 56, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 2207-2234

  Kane, Ian A ^a   Dykstra, Mason L ^b   Kneller, Benjamin C ^c   Tremblay, Sacha ^c,d   McCaffrey, William D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b Department of Geology and Geological Engineering   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

^d STATOIL   (Norway)

Author keywords

Architecture; Channel lev e; Conglomerate; Deep marine; Submarine channel

Indexed keywords

BASAL EROSION; BEDFORMS; CALIFORNIA; CANYON WALLS; CHANNEL SYSTEMS; COARSE-GRAINED; CONGLOMERATE; DEBRIS FLOWS; DEEP MARINE; ENTIRE SYSTEM; FIRST-ORDER; FLUVIAL SYSTEMS; GRAINED SEDIMENTS; GRAVITY FLOWS; LOW-AMPLITUDE; MATRIX; ME-XICO; ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE; PLANFORM; SEA FLOOR; SECOND ORDERS; SUBMARINE CHANNEL; THIRD-ORDER;

ANOXIC SEDIMENTS; ARCHITECTURE; DEBRIS; EROSION; GRAVEL; PLANETARY SURFACE ANALYSIS; SANDSTONE; SEDIMENTOLOGY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; SUBMARINES; SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS; WALLS (STRUCTURAL PARTITIONS); WEAVING;

LEVEES;

BASAL FLOW; BEDFORM; CANYON; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; CONGLOMERATE; DEEP WATER FORMATION; DEEP-SEA SEDIMENT; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; EROSION RATE; LEVEE; MUDSTONE; SANDSTONE; SEAFLOOR; SUBMARINE CHANNEL; THALWEG; TURBIDITE;

BAJA CALIFORNIA [(STT) MEXICO]; MEXICO [NORTH AMERICA];

EID: 77952959589     PISSN: 00370746     EISSN: 13653091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01077.x     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Abreu, V., Sullivan, M., Pirmez, C. and Mohrig, D. (2003) Lateral accretion packages (LAPs): an important reservoir element in deep water sinuous channels. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 20, 631-648. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.08.003.
2. Allen, J.R.L. (1982) Sedimentary Structures - Their Character and Physical Basis, Vol. 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 593 pp.
3. Arnott, R.W.C. (2007) Stratal architecture and origin of lateral accretion deposits (LADs) and conterminous inner-bank levee deposits in a base-of-slope sinuous channel, lower Isaac Formation (Neoproterozoic), East-Central British Columbia, Canada. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 24, 515-528.
4. Baas, J.H. (2000) EZ-ROSE: a computer program for equal-area circular histograms and statistical analysis of twodimensional vectorial data. Computers and Geosciences, 26, 153-166.
5. Bristow, C.S. (1996) Reconstructing fluvial channel morphology from sedimentary sequences. In: Advances in Fluvial Dynamics and Stratigraphy (Eds P.A. Carling and M.R. Dawson), pp. 351-371. Wiley and Sons, Chichester.
6. Buffington, E.C. (1964) Structural control and precision bathymetry of La Jolla submarine canyon, California. Mar. Geol., 1, 44-58.
7. Burkham, D.E. (1972) Channel changes of the Gila River in Safford Valley, Arizona, 1846-1970. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 655-G.
8. Cas, R.A.F. and Landis, C.A. (1987) A debris-flow deposit with multiple plug-flow channels and associated side accretion deposits. Sedimentology, 34, 901-910.
9. Clark, J.D. and Pickering, K.T. (1996) Architectural elements and growth patterns of submarine channels: applications to hydrocarbon exploration. AAPG Bull., 80, 194-221.
10. Collinson, J.D. and Thompson, D.B. (1988) Sedimentary Structures. George, Allen & Unwin, Ltd., London, 244 pp.
11. Costa, J.E. (1984) Physical geomorphology of debris flows. In: Developments and Applications of Geomorphology (Eds J.E. Costa and P.J. Fleisher), pp. 268-317. Springer, Berlin.
12. Crowell, J.C. (1957) Origin of pebbly mudstones. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 68, 993-1009.
13. Dykstra, M. and Kneller, B. (2007) Canyon San Fernando, Mexico: a deep-water, channel-levee complex exhibiting evolution from submarine canyon-confined to unconfined. In: Atlas of Deepwater Outcrops (Eds T. Nilsen, R. Shew, G. Steffens and J. Studlick), AAPG Stud. Geol., 56, 226-230.
14. Dykstra, M. and Kneller, B. (2009) Lateral accretion in a deepmarine channel complex: implications for channelized flow processes in turbidity currents. Sedimentology, doi: 10. 1111/j.1365-3091.2008.01040.x
15. Elliott, T. (2000a) Depositional architecture of a sand-rich, channellized turbidite system: the Upper Carboniferous Ross Sandstone Formation, Western Ireland. In: Deep-Water Reservoirs of the World. (P. Weimer, R.M. Slatt, J. Coleman, N.C. Rosen, H. Nelson, A.H. Bouma, M.J. Styzen and D.T. Lawrence), pp. 342-373. GCSSEPM 20th Annual Research Conference, Houston, TX.
16. Elliot, T. (2000b) Megaflute erosion surfaces and the initiation of turbidite channels. Geology, 28, 119-122.
17. Ferguson, R.I. (1987) Hydraulic and sedimentary controls of channel pattern. In: River Channels: Environments and Processes (Ed. K. Richards), pp. 129-158. Blackwell, Oxford.
18. Gamberi, F., Marani, M., Landuzzi, V., Magagnoli, A., Penitenti, D., Rosi, M., Bertagnini, A. and Di Roberto, A. (2006) Sedimentologic and volcanologic investigation of the deep Tyrrhenian Sea: preliminary results of cruise VST02. Ann. Geophys., 49, 767-781.
19. Gastil, R.G., Philips, R.C. and Allison, E.C. (1975) Reconnaissance geology of the state of Baja California. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., 140, 170 p.
20. Gee, M.J.R. and Gawthorpe, R.L. (2007) Early evolution of submarine channels offshore Angola revealed by three-dimensional seismic data. In: Seismic Geomorphology: Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production (Eds R.J. Davies, H.W. Posamentier, L.J. Wood and J.A. Cartwright), Geol. Soc. London. Spec. Publ., 277, 223-235.
21. Goff, J.R. and Ashmore, P. (1994) Gravel transport and morphological change in braided sunwapta river, Alberta, Canada. Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 19, 195-212.
22. Habgood, E.L., Kenyon, N.H., Masson, D.G., Akhmetzhanov, A., Weaver, P.P.E., Gardner, J. and Mulder, T. (2003) Deepwater sediment wave fields, bottom current sand channels and gravity flow channel-lobe systems: Gulf of Cadiz, NE Atlantic. Sedimentology, 50, 483-510.
23. Hein, F.J. and Walker, R.G. (1982) The Cambro-Ordovician Cap Enrageé Formation, Québec, Canada: conglomeratic deposits of a braided submarine channel with terraces. Sedimentology, 29, 309-329.
24. Hesse, R., Klaucke, I., Khodabakhsh, S., Piper, D.J.W., Ryan, W.B.F. and NAMOC Study Group. (2001) Sandy submarine braid plains: potential deep-water reservoirs. AAPG Bull., 85, 1499-1521.
25. Hiscott, R.N. (1994) Loss of capacity, not competence, as the fundamental process governing deposition from turbidity currents. J. Sed. Res., A64, 209-214.
26. Iverson, R.M. (1997) The physics of debris flows. Rev. Geophys., 35, 245-296.
27. Kane, I.A., Kneller, B.C., Dykstra, M., Kassem, A. and McCaffrey, W.D. (2007) Anatomy of a submarine slope channel-levee: an example from Upper Cretaceous slope sediments, Rosario Formation, Baja California, Mexico. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 24, 540-563.
28. Khripounoff, A., Vangriesheim, A., Babonneau, N., Crassous, P., Dennielou, B. and Savoye, B. (2003) Direct observation of intense turbidity current activity in the Zaire Submarine Valley at 4000 m water depth. Mar. Geol., 194, 151-158.
29. Klauke, I., Masson, D.G., Kenyon, N.H. and Gardner, J.V. (2004) Sedimentary processes of the lower Monterey Fan channel and channel-mouth lobe. Mar. Geol., 206, 181-198.
30. Kneller, B.C. (1995) Beyond the turbidite paradigm: physical models for deposition of turbidites and their implications for reservoir prediction. In: Characterisation of Deep Marine Clastic Systems (Eds A.J. Hartley and D.J. Prosser), Geol. Soc. London. Spec. Publ., 94, 31-49.
31. Kneller, B.C. and Branney, M.J. (1995) Sustained high-density turbidity currents and the deposition of thick massive sands. Sedimentology, 42, 607-616.
32. Kneller, B. and McCaffrey, W. (1999) Depositional effects of flow nonuniformity and stratification within turbidity currents approaching a bounding slope: deflection, reflection, and facies variation. J. Sed. Res., 69, 980-991.
33. Kolla, V., Posamentier, H.W. and Wood, L.J. (2007) Deep-water and fluvial sinuous channels-characteristics, similarities and dissimilarities, and modes of formation. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 24, 388-405.
34. Leclair, S.F. and Arnott, R.W.C. (2005) Parallel lamination formed by high-density turbidity currents. J. Sed. Res., 75, 1-5.
35. Leopold, L.B. and Wolman, M.G. (1957) River channel patterns - braided, meandering, and straight. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 282B, 39-85.
36. Lowe, D.R. (1975) Water escape structures in coarse-grained sediments. Sedimentology, 46, 157-204.
37. Lowe, D.R. (1982) Sediment gravity flows: II. Depositional models with special reference to the deposits of highdensity turbidity currents. J. Sed. Petrol., 52, 279-297.
38. Lowe, D.R. (1988) Suspended-load fallout rate as an independent variable in the analysis of current structures. Sedimentology, 35, 765-776.
39. Mackin, J.H. (1956) Cause of braiding by a graded river. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 67, 1717-1718.
40. Masson, D.G., Kenyon, N.H., Gardner, J.V. and Field, M.E. (1995) Monterey Fan: channel and overbank morphology. In: Atlas of Deep water Environments: Architectural Style in Turbidite Systems (Eds K.T. Pickering, R.N. Hiscott, N.H. Kenyon, F. Ricci Lucchi and R.D.A. Smith), pp. 74-79. Chapman and Hall, London.
41. Morris, W.R. and Busby, C.J. (1996) The effects of tectonism on the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework of non-marine to deep-marine deposits in the Peninsular Ranges forearc basin complex. In: Pacific Section SEPM Guidebook (Eds P. Abbot and J.D. Cooper), pp. 381-408. SEPM, Los Angeles, CA.
42. Morris, W.R. and Busby-Spera, C.J. (1988) Sedimentologic Evolution of a Submarine Canyon in a forearc Basin, Upper Cretaceous Rosario Formation, San Carlos, Mexico. AAPG Bull., 72, 717-737.
43. Morris, W.R. and Busby-Spera, C.J. (1990) A submarine-fan valley-levee complex in the Upper Cretaceous Rosario Formation: implications for turbidite facies models. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 102, 900-914.
44. Mutti, E., Tinterri, R., Remacha, E., Mavilla, N., Angella, S. and Fava, L. (1999) An Introduction to the Analysis of Ancient Turbidite Basins from an Outcrop Perspective. AAPG Continuing Education Course Note Series, 39, 97 pp.
45. Paola, C. (2001) Modelling stream braiding over a range of scales. In: Gravel-Bed Rivers V (Ed. M.P. Mosley), pp. 11-38. New Zealand Hydrological Society, Wellington.
46. Peakall, J., McCaffrey, W.D. and Kneller, B.C. (2000) A process model for the evolution, morphology and architecture of meandering submarine channels. J. Sed. Res., 70, 434-448.
47. Peakall, J., Amos, K.J., Keevil, G.M., Bradbury, P.W. and Gupta, S. (2007) Flow processes and sedimentation in submarine channel bends. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 24, 470-486.
48. Pierson, T.C. and Scott, K.M. (1985) Downstream dilution of a lahar: transition from debris flow to hyperconcentrated streamflow. Water Resour. Res., 21, 1511-1524.
49. Piper, D.J.W., Hiscott, R.N. and Normark, W.R. (1999) Outcrop-scale acoustic facies analysis and latest Quaternary development of Hueneme and Dume submarine fans, offshore California. Sedimentology, 46, 47-78.
50. Postma, G. (1983) Water escape structures in the context of a depositional model of a mass flow dominated conglomeratic fan-delta (Abrioja Formation, Pliocene, Almeria Basin, SE Spain). Sedimentology, 30, 91-103.
51. Postma, G., Nemec, W. and Kleinspehn, K.L. (1988) Large floating clasts in turbidites: a mechanism for their emplacement. Sed. Geol., 58, 47-61.
52. Rees, A.I. (1968) The production of preferred orientation in a concentrated dispersion of elongated and flattened grains. J. Geol., 76, 457-465.
53. Rees, A.I. (1983) Experiments on the production of a transverse grain alignment in a sheared dispersion. Sedimentology, 30, 437-448.
54. Røe, S.L. and Hermansen, M. (2005) New aspects of deformed cross-strata in fluvial sandstones: examples from Neoproterozoic formations in northern Norway. Sed. Geol., 186, 283-293.
55. Schumm, S.A. (1980) Some applications of the concept of geomorphic thresholds. In: Thresholds in Geomorphology (Eds D.R. Coates and J.D. Vitek), pp. 473-485. George Allen & Unwin, London.
56. Schumm, S.A. and Lichty, R.W. (1963) Channel widening and floodplain construction along Cimarron River in southwestern Kansas. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 352-D, 71-88.
57. Smith, G.A. and Lowe, D.R. (1991) Lahars: volcano-hydrologic events and deposition in the debris flow - hyperconcentrated flow continuum. In: Sedimentation in Volcanic Settings (Eds R.V. Fisher and G.A. Smith), SEPM Spec. Publ., 59, 59-70.
58. Sohn, Y.K., Rhee, C.W. and Kim, B.C. (1999) Debris flow and hyperconcentrated flood-flow deposits in an alluvial fan, Northwestern part of the Cretaceous Yongdong Basin, Central Corea. J. Geol., 107, 111-132.
59. Sohn, Y.K., Choe, M.Y. and Jo, H.R. (2002) Transition from debris flow to hyperconcentrated flow in a submarine channel (the Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation, southern Chile). Terra Nova, 14, 405-415.
60. Walker, R.G. (1975) Generalized facies models for resedimented conglomerates of turbidite association. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 86, 737-748.
61. Walker, R.G. (1978) Deep water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans: models for exploration of stratigraphic traps. AAPG Bull., 62, 932-966.
62. Winn, R.D. Jr and Dott, R.H. Jr (1979) Deep-water fan-channel conglomerate of Late Cretaceous age, southern Chile. Sedimentology, 26, 203-228.
63. Wynn, R.B., Weaver, P.P.E., Masson, D.G. and Stow, D.A.V. (2002) Turbidite depositional architecture across three interconnected deep-water basins on the north-west African margin. Sedimentology, 49, 669-695.