U.S. black-white wealth inequality

Social Inequality

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 895-929

  Scholz, John Karl ^a   Levine, Kara ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77952947426     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (54)

1. Altonji, Joseph G., and Ulrich Doraszelski. 2001. "The Role of Permanent Income and Demographics in Black- White Differences in Wealth." Working paper 8473. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.
2. Altonji, Joseph G., Fumio Hayashi, and Laurence J. Kotlikoff. 1996. "The Effects of Income and Wealth on Time and Money Transfers Between Parents and Children." Working paper 5522. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.
3. Altonji, Joseph G., Fumio Hayashi, and Laurence J. Kotlikoff. 1997. "Parental Altruism and Inter Vivos Transfers: Theory and Evidence." Journal of Political Economy 105(6): 1121-66.
4. Anderson, Robert N. 2001. United States Life Tables, 1998. National Vital Statistics Reports 48(18). Hyattsville, Md.: National Center for Health Statistics.
5. Antoniewicz, Rochelle. 1996. "A Comparison of the Household Sector from the Flow of Funds Accounts and the Survey of Consumer Finances." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1996-26. Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
6. Attanasio, Orazio P., and Martin Browning. 1995. "Consumption over the Life Cycle and over the Business Cycle." American Economic Review 85(5): 1118-37.
7. Avery, Robert B, and Michael S. Rendall. 1997. "The Contribution of Inheritances to Black-White Wealth Disparities in the United States." Working paper 97-08. Ithaca, N.Y.: Bronfenbrenner Life Course Center.
8. Banks, James, Richard Blundell, and Sarah Tanner. 1998. "Is There a Retirement-Savings Puzzle?" American Economic Review 88(4): 769-88.
9. Barsky, Robert, John Bound, Kerwin Charles, and Joe Lupton. 2001. "Accounting for the Black-White Wealth Gap: A Nonparametric Approach." Working paper 8466. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.
10. Bernheim, B. Douglas, Robert Lemke, and John Karl Scholz. Forthcoming. "Do Estate and Gift Taxes Affect the Timing of Private Transfers?" Journal of Public Economics.
11. Bernheim, B. Douglas, Jonathan Skinner, and Steven Weinberg. 2001. "What Accounts for the Variation in Retirement Wealth Among U.S. Households?" American Economic Review 91(4): 832-57.
12. Blau, Francine D., and John W. Graham. 1990. "Black-White Differences in Wealth and Asset Composition." Quarterly Journal of Economics 105(2): 321-39.
13. Cagney, Kathleen A., and Emily M. Agree. 1999. "Racial Differences in Skilled Nursing Care and Home Health Use: The Mediating Effects of Family Structure and Social Class." Journals of Gerontology, series B 54(4): S223-36.
14. Charles, Kerwin Kofi, and Erik Hurst. 2002. "The Transition to Homeownership and the Black-White Wealth Gap." Review of Economics and Statistics 84(2): 281-97.
15. Charles, Kerwin Kofi, and Erik Hurst. 2003. "The Correlation of Wealth Across Generations." Journal of Political Economy 111(6): 1115-82.
16. Conley, Dalton. 1999. Being Black, Living in the Red: Race, Wealth, and Social Policy in America. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
17. Cox, Donald. 1990. "Intergenerational Transfers and Liquidity Constraints." Quarterly Journal of Economics 105(1): 187-217.
18. Davies, James. 1981. "Uncertain Lifetime, Consumption, and Dissaving in Retirement." Journal of Political Economy 89(3): 561-77.
19. Dynan, Karen E. 1993. "The Rate of Time Preference and Shocks to Wealth: Evidence from Panel Data." Working paper 134. Washington, D.C.: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Economic Activity Section.
20. Dynan, Karen E., Jonathan Skinner, and Stephen P. Zeldes. 2000. "Do the Rich Save More?" Working paper 7906. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.
21. Engen, Eric M., William G. Gale, and E. Cori Uccello. 1999. "The Adequacy of Household Saving." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (2): 65-165.
22. Fairlie, Robert W., and Bruce D. Meyer. 2000. "Trends in Self-employment Among White and Black Men During the Twentieth Century." Journal of Human Resources 35(4): 643-69.
23. Gittleman, Maury, and Edward N. Wolff. 2000. "Racial Wealth Disparities: Is the Gap Closing?" Working paper 311. Annandale-on-Hudson, N.Y.: Bard College, Jerome Levy Economics Institute.
24. Gruber, Jonathan, and Aaron Yelowitz. 1999. "Public Health Insurance and Private Savings." Journal of Political Economy 107(6), pt. 1: 1249-74.
25. Haveman, Robert, and Barbara Wolfe. 1994. Succeeding Generations: On the Effects of Investments in Children. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
26. Hubbard, R. Glenn, Jonathan Skinner, and Stephen P. Zeldes. 1995. "Precautionary Saving and Social Insurance." Journal of Political Economy 103(2): 360-99.
27. Hurd, Michael D. 1987. "Savings of the Elderly and Desired Bequests." American Economic Review 77(3): 298- 312.
28. Hurd, Michael D. 1989. "Mortality Risk and Bequests." Econometrica 57(4): 779-813.
29. Hurst, Erik, Ming Ching Luoh, and Frank P. Stafford. 1998. "The Wealth Dynamics of American Families, 1984 to 1994." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1: 267-337.
30. Hurst, Erik, and James P. Ziliak. 2001. "Welfare Reform and Household Saving." Discussion paper 1234-01. Madison, Wisc.: Institute for Research on Poverty.
31. Juster, F. Thomas, James P. Smith, and Frank Stafford. 1999. "The Measurement and Structure of Household Wealth." Labour Economics 6(2): 253-75.
32. Kennickell, Arthur B. 1998. "Comments on 'Recent Trends in the Size Distribution of Household Wealth' by Edward Wolff." Available at: www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/oss/oss2/papers/jep.wolff.3.pdf.
33. Kennickell, Arthur B. 2000. "An Examination of Changes in the Distribution of Wealth from 1989 to 1998: Evidence from the Survey of Consumer Finances." Prepared for the Conference on Saving, Intergenerational Transfers, and the Distribution of Wealth, Jerome Levy Economics Institute, Bard College ( June 7-9). Available at: www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/oss/oss2/papers/ wdist98.pdf.
34. Lawrance, Emily. 1991. "Poverty and the Rate of Time Preference: Evidence from Panel Data." Journal of Political Economy 99(1): 54-77.
35. Long, James E., and Steven B. Caudill. 1992. "Racial Differences in Homeownership and Housing Wealth." Economic Inquiry 30(1): 83-100.
36. McGarry, Kathleen, and Robert F. Schoeni. 1995. "Transfer Behavior in the Health and Retirement Study: Measurement and the Redistribution of Resources With in the Family." Journal of Human Resources 30: 184- 226.
37. McLanahan, Sara, and Gary Sandefur. 1994. Growing up with a Single Parent: What Hurts, What Helps. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
38. Menchik, Paul L. 1980. "Primogeniture, Equal Sharing, and the U.S. Distribution of Wealth." Quarterly Journal of Economics 94(2): 299-316.
39. Menchik, Paul L., and Martin David. 1983. "Income Distribution, Lifetime Savings, and Bequests." American Economic Review 73(4): 672-90.
40. Menchik, Paul L., and Nancy Jianakoplos. 1997. "Black-White Wealth Inequality: Is Inheritance the Reason?" Economic Inquiry 35(2): 428-42.
41. Neumark, David, and Elizabeth Powers. 2000. "Welfare for the Elderly: The Effects of SSI on Preretirement Labor Supply." Journal of Public Economics 78(1-2): 51-80.
42. Oliver, Melvin, and Thomas Shapiro. 1995. Black Wealth/White Wealth. New York: Routledge.
43. Powers, Elizabeth T. 1998. "Does Means-Testing Welfare Discourage Saving?: Evidence from a Change in AFDC Policy in the United States." Journal of Public Economics 68(1): 33-53.
44. Scholz, John Karl, and David Joulfaian. 2003. "Wealth Inequality and the Wealth of Cohorts." Working paper. Madison: University of Wisconsin.
45. Smith, James P. 1995. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Wealth in the Health and Retirement Study." Journal of Human Resources 30: S158-83.
46. Smith, James P. 1999a. "Healthy Bodies and Thick Wallets: The Dual Relation Between Health and Economic Status." Journal of Economic Perspectives 13(2): 145-66.
47. Smith, James P. 1999b. "Why is Wealth Inequality Rising?" Working paper, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND.
48. U.S. Department of Commerce. U.S. Census Bureau. Various years. "Historical Income Tables, 1967 to 2001- Households." Available at: www.census.gov/hhes/income/histinc/h02.html.
49. Wallace, Steven P., Lene Levy-Storms, Raynard S. Kington, and Ronald M. Andersen. 1998. "The Persistence of Race and Ethnicity in the Use of Long-term Care." Journals of Gerontology, series B, 53(2): S104-12.
50. Wilhelm, Mark O. 1996. "Bequest Behavior and the Effect of Heirs' Earnings: Testing the Altruistic Model of Bequests." American Economic Review 86(4): 874-92.
51. Wolff, Edward N. 1998. "Recent Trends in the Size Distribution of Household Wealth." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(3): 131-50.
52. Wolff, Edward N. 2000. "Recent Trends in Wealth Ownership, 1983 to 1998." Working paper 300. Annandale-on- Hudson, N.Y.: Bard College, Jerome Levy Economics Institute.
53. Wolff, Edward N. 2003. "The Impact of Gifts and Bequests on the Distribution of Wealth." In Death and Dollars: The Role of Gifts and Bequests in America, edited by Alicia H. Munnell and Annika Sunde'n. Washington, D.C.: Brookings.
54. Ziliak, James P. 2001. "Income Transfers and Assets of the Poor." Discussion paper 1233-01. Madison, Wisc.: Institute for Research on Poverty.